数据访问对象模式或DAO模式用于将低级数据访问API或操作与高级业务服务分离。 以下是数据访问对象模式的参与者。
get/set
方法。在这个将创建一个作为Model
或Value
对象的Student
对象。 StudentDao
是数据访问对象接口。 StudentDaoImpl
是实现数据访问对象接口的具体类。 DaoPatternDemo这是一个演示类,将使用StudentDao
演示使用数据访问对象模式。
数据访问对象模式示例的结构如下图所示 -
创建值对象,其代码如下 -
Student.java
public class Student { private String name; private int rollNo; Student(String name, int rollNo){ this.name = name; this.rollNo = rollNo; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getRollNo() { return rollNo; } public void setRollNo(int rollNo) { this.rollNo = rollNo; } }
创建数据访问对象接口,其代码如下 -
StudentDao.java
import java.util.List; public interface StudentDao { public List<Student> getAllStudents(); public Student getStudent(int rollNo); public void updateStudent(Student student); public void deleteStudent(Student student); }
创建实现上面的接口的具体类,其代码如下 -
StudentDaoImpl.java
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao { //list is working as a database List<Student> students; public StudentDaoImpl(){ students = new ArrayList<Student>(); Student student1 = new Student("Robert",0); Student student2 = new Student("John",1); students.add(student1); students.add(student2); } @Override public void deleteStudent(Student student) { students.remove(student.getRollNo()); System.out.println("Student: Roll No " + student.getRollNo() + ", deleted from database"); } //retrive list of students from the database @Override public List<Student> getAllStudents() { return students; } @Override public Student getStudent(int rollNo) { return students.get(rollNo); } @Override public void updateStudent(Student student) { students.get(student.getRollNo()).setName(student.getName()); System.out.println("Student: Roll No " + student.getRollNo() + ", updated in the database"); } }
使用StudentDao
演示数据访问对象模式的使用。
DaoPatternDemo.java
public class DaoPatternDemo { public static void main(String[] args) { StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDaoImpl(); //print all students for (Student student : studentDao.getAllStudents()) { System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : " + student.getRollNo() + ", Name : " + student.getName() + " ]"); } //update student Student student =studentDao.getAllStudents().get(0); student.setName("Michael"); studentDao.updateStudent(student); //get the student studentDao.getStudent(0); System.out.println("Student: [RollNo : " + student.getRollNo() + ", Name : " + student.getName() + " ]"); } }
验证输出,执行上面的代码得到以下结果 -
Student: [RollNo : 0, Name : Robert ] Student: [RollNo : 1, Name : John ] Student: Roll No 0, updated in the database Student: [RollNo : 0, Name : Michael ]