Spring+Hibernate+MySql实例(注解)

在上一篇教程中，我们创建一个简单的Java项目结构，并演示如何使用Hibernate在Spring框架来在 MySQL数据库进行数据处理工作(插入，选择，更新和删除)。在本教程中，将学习如何使用Spring做同样的事情，只不过这一次我们使用 Hibernate 的注解方式。

最终项目结构

最终的项目文件结构看起来应该就像下面的图所示：

1.创建表

在MySQL数据库中创建一张“stock”表。 SQL语句如下：

CREATE TABLE  `zyiz`.`stock` (
  `STOCK_ID` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `STOCK_CODE` varchar(10) NOT NULL,
  `STOCK_NAME` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`STOCK_ID`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE KEY `UNI_STOCK_NAME` (`STOCK_NAME`),
  UNIQUE KEY `UNI_STOCK_ID` (`STOCK_CODE`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

2. Model & BO & DAO

模型中，业务对象(BO)和数据访问对象(DAO)模式是有助于清楚地识别层，以避免弄乱项目结构。

Stock Model (Annotation)

Stock模型注解类来存储库存数据。

package com.zyiz.stock.model;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import static javax.persistence.GenerationType.IDENTITY;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint;

@Entity
@Table(name = "stock", catalog = "zyiz", uniqueConstraints = {
		@UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "STOCK_NAME"),
		@UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "STOCK_CODE") })
public class Stock implements java.io.Serializable {

	private Integer stockId;
	private String stockCode;
	private String stockName;

	public Stock() {
	}

	public Stock(String stockCode, String stockName) {
		this.stockCode = stockCode;
		this.stockName = stockName;
	}

	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY)
	@Column(name = "STOCK_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
	public Integer getStockId() {
		return this.stockId;
	}

	public void setStockId(Integer stockId) {
		this.stockId = stockId;
	}

	@Column(name = "STOCK_CODE", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 10)
	public String getStockCode() {
		return this.stockCode;
	}

	public void setStockCode(String stockCode) {
		this.stockCode = stockCode;
	}

	@Column(name = "STOCK_NAME", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 20)
	public String getStockName() {
		return this.stockName;
	}

	public void setStockName(String stockName) {
		this.stockName = stockName;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Stock [stockCode=" + stockCode + ", stockId=" + stockId
				+ ", stockName=" + stockName + "]";
	}
}

Stock Business Object (BO))

Stock 业务对象(BO)接口和实现，它是用来存储项目的业务功能，真正的数据库操作(CRUD)的工作不参与这一个类，而是用一个DAO(StockDao)类来做到这一点。

package com.zyiz.stock.bo;

import com.zyiz.stock.model.Stock;

public interface StockBo {
	
	void save(Stock stock);
	void update(Stock stock);
	void delete(Stock stock);
	Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode);
}

使这个类中的 Spring IoC容器的 bean“stockBo”自动装配库存DAO类。

package com.zyiz.stock.bo.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.zyiz.stock.bo.StockBo;
import com.zyiz.stock.dao.StockDao;
import com.zyiz.stock.model.Stock;

@Service("stockBo")
public class StockBoImpl implements StockBo{
	
	@Autowired
	StockDao stockDao;
	
	public void setStockDao(StockDao stockDao) {
		this.stockDao = stockDao;
	}

	public void save(Stock stock){
		stockDao.save(stock);
	}
	
	public void update(Stock stock){
		stockDao.update(stock);
	}
	
	public void delete(Stock stock){
		stockDao.delete(stock);
	}
	
	public Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode){
		return stockDao.findByStockCode(stockCode);
	}
}

Stock Data Access Object

Stock DAO接口和实现。在上一个教程中，DAO类是直接扩展“HibernateDaoSupport“。但注释方式不可能做到这一点，因为没有办法从DAO类会话到工厂bean自动装配。解决方法是创建一个自定义类(CustomHibernateDaoSupport)，并扩展了“HibernateDaoSupport”和自动装配会话工厂，DAO类扩展了这个类。

package com.zyiz.stock.dao;

import com.zyiz.stock.model.Stock;

public interface StockDao {
	
	void save(Stock stock);
	void update(Stock stock);
	void delete(Stock stock);
	Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode);

}

package com.zyiz.util;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

public abstract class CustomHibernateDaoSupport extends HibernateDaoSupport
{    
    @Autowired
    public void anyMethodName(SessionFactory sessionFactory)
    {
        setSessionFactory(sessionFactory);
    }
}

package com.zyiz.stock.dao.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.zyiz.stock.dao.StockDao;
import com.zyiz.stock.model.Stock;
import com.zyiz.util.CustomHibernateDaoSupport;

@Repository("stockDao")
public class StockDaoImpl extends CustomHibernateDaoSupport implements StockDao{
	
	public void save(Stock stock){
		getHibernateTemplate().save(stock);
	}
	
	public void update(Stock stock){
		getHibernateTemplate().update(stock);
	}
	
	public void delete(Stock stock){
		getHibernateTemplate().delete(stock);
	}
	
	public Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode){
		List list = getHibernateTemplate().find(
                     "from Stock where stockCode=?",stockCode
                );
		return (Stock)list.get(0);
	}

}

5.资源配置

建立一个目录resources在“project_name/main/java/'，它将用于存储Spring，Hibernate等配置文件。

Spring Configuration

数据库关联….

创建一个属性文件(database.properties)来存放数据库的详细信息，把它放到“resources/properties”文件夹中。一个很好的做法是将数据库信息和Spring bean配置在不同的文件。

database.properties

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zyiz
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=password

创建一个“dataSource” bean配置文件(DataSource.xml)存放数据库信息，并从database.properties导入的属性，把它放到“resources/database”文件夹中。

DataSource.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
	
<bean 
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
	<property name="location">
		<value>properties/database.properties</value>
	</property>
</bean>

<bean id="dataSource" 
         class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
	<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
	<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
	<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
	<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

</beans>

Hibernate related….

创建一个会话工厂bean的配置文件(Hibernate.xml)，把它放到“resources/database”文件夹中。在注释必须使用AnnotationSessionFactoryBean 来代替 LocalSessionFactoryBean，并注明您的注解模型类在“annotatedClasses”属性，而不是'mappingResources'属性。

Hibernate.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
    
<!-- Hibernate session factory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" 
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">

    <property name="dataSource">
      <ref bean="dataSource"/>
    </property>

    <property name="hibernateProperties">
       <props>
         <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
         <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
       </props>
    </property>
    	
    <property name="annotatedClasses">
	<list>
		<value>com.zyiz.stock.model.Stock</value>
	</list>
    </property>

    </bean>
</beans>

导入所有的 Spring bean 配置文件合并为一个文件(BeanLocations.xml)，把它放到“resources/config”文件夹。

BeanLocations.xml

导入Spring数据库配置并使用 Spring自动扫描功能。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

	<!-- Database Configuration -->
	<import resource="../database/DataSource.xml"/>
	<import resource="../database/Hibernate.xml"/>
	
	<!-- Auto scan the components -->
	<context:component-scan 
		base-package="com.zyiz.stock" />
	
</beans>

6. 运行它

把所有的文件和配置整合，运行它。

package com.zyiz.netmon;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.zyiz.stock.bo.StockBo;
import com.zyiz.stock.model.Stock;

public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
    	ApplicationContext appContext = 
    	  new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/config/BeanLocations.xml");
	
    	StockBo stockBo = (StockBo)appContext.getBean("stockBo");
    	
    	/** insert **/
    	Stock stock = new Stock();
    	stock.setStockCode("7668");
    	stock.setStockName("HAIO");
    	stockBo.save(stock);
    	
    	/** select **/
    	Stock stock2 = stockBo.findByStockCode("7668");
    	System.out.println(stock2);
    	
    	/** update **/
    	stock2.setStockName("HAIO-1");
    	stockBo.update(stock2);
    	
    	/** delete **/
    	stockBo.delete(stock2);
    	
    	System.out.println("Done");
    }
}

输出结果:

Hibernate: insert into zyiz.stock (STOCK_CODE, STOCK_NAME) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: select stock0_.STOCK_ID as STOCK1_0_, stock0_.STOCK_CODE as STOCK2_0_, stock0_.STOCK_NAME as STOCK3_0_ from zyiz.stock stock0_ where stock0_.STOCK_CODE=?
Stock [stockCode=7667, stockId=3, stockName=HAIO]
Hibernate: update zyiz.stock set STOCK_CODE=?, STOCK_NAME=? where STOCK_ID=?
Hibernate: delete from zyiz.stock where STOCK_ID=?
Done

总结

所有的Spring，Hibernate相关类和配置文件都进行注解，它只是保留在XML文件中的数据库的详细信息。就个人而言，我不使用太多的注释功能，因为在某种程度上可能需要一些解决方法，像上面的“CustomHibernateDaoSupport'扩展'HibernateDaoSupport”。在Spring和Hibernate的XML文件的成熟是一个更优的选择。

代码下载 - http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bewLiu

Spring+Hibernate+MySql实例(注解)

Spring+Hibernate+MySql实例(注解)

最终项目结构

1.创建表

2. Model & BO & DAO

Stock Model (Annotation)

Stock Business Object (BO))

Stock Data Access Object

5.资源配置

Spring Configuration

6. 运行它

总结

Spring快速入门

Spring自动装配Bean

Spring JDBC支持

Spring JavaConfig

Spring 依赖注入(DI)

Spring Bean基础

Spring表达式语言

Spring自动组件扫描

Spring AOP (面向方面编程)

Spring AOP + AspectJ框架

Spring Hibernate支持

Spring E-mail支持

Spring与其它Web框架集成