通过使用Spring Boot RESTful Web服务,可以发送包含Gmail传输层安全性的电子邮件。 在本章中,详细了解如何使用此功能。
首先,需要在构建配置文件中添加Spring Boot Starter Mail依赖项。
Maven用户可以将以下依赖项添加到pom.xml 文件中。
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency>
Gradle用户可以在build.gradle 文件中添加以下依赖项。
compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail')
主 Spring Boot 应用程序类文件的代码如下 -
package com.zyiz.emailapp; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class EmailappApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(EmailappApplication.class, args); } }
可以编写一个简单的Rest API,以便在Rest Controller类文件中发送到电子邮件,如图所示。
package com.zyiz.emailapp; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class EmailController { @RequestMapping(value = "/sendemail") public String sendEmail() { return "Email sent successfully"; } }
编写一个方法来发送带有附件的电子邮件。 定义mail.smtp
属性并使用PasswordAuthentication
。
private void sendmail() throws AddressException, MessagingException, IOException { Properties props = new Properties(); props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable", "true"); props.put("mail.smtp.host", "smtp.gmail.com"); props.put("mail.smtp.port", "587"); Session session = Session.getInstance(props, new javax.mail.Authenticator() { protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() { return new PasswordAuthentication("zyiz@gmail.com", "<your password>"); } }); Message msg = new MimeMessage(session); msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress("zyiz@gmail.com", false)); msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress.parse("zyiz@gmail.com")); msg.setSubject("Spring Boot zyiz email"); msg.setContent("Spring Boot zyiz email", "text/html"); msg.setSentDate(new Date()); MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart(); messageBodyPart.setContent("Spring Boot zyiz email", "text/html"); Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart(); multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart); MimeBodyPart attachPart = new MimeBodyPart(); attachPart.attachFile("/var/tmp/image19.png"); multipart.addBodyPart(attachPart); msg.setContent(multipart); Transport.send(msg); }
现在,从Rest API调用上面的sendmail()
方法,如图所示 -
@RequestMapping(value = "/sendemail") public String sendEmail() throws AddressException, MessagingException, IOException { sendmail(); return "Email sent successfully"; }
注意 - 在发送电子邮件之前,请在Gmail帐户设置中启用不太安全的应用。
完整的构建配置文件如下所示。
Maven构建文件 - pom.xml -
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?> <project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zyiz</groupId> <artifactId>emailapp</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>emailapp</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
Gradle构建文件 - build.gradle
buildscript { ext { springBootVersion = '1.5.9.RELEASE' } repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}") } } apply plugin: 'java' apply plugin: 'eclipse' apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot' group = 'com.zyiz' version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT' sourceCompatibility = 1.8 repositories { mavenCentral() } dependencies { compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web') compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail') testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') }
现在,可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件,并使用下面显示的Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序 -
对于Maven,可以使用如下所示的命令 -
mvn clean install
在“BUILD SUCCESS”之后,可以在target
目录下找到JAR文件。
对于Gradle,可以使用如下所示的命令 -
gradle clean build
在“BUILD SUCCESSFUL”之后,可以在build/libs
目录下找到JAR文件。
现在,使用下面给出的命令运行JAR文件 -
java –jar <JARFILE>
看到应用程序已在Tomcat端口8080上启动。
现在,从Web浏览器中打开以下URL => http://localhost:8080/sendemail
,
发送成功后,开登录邮件账户将收到一封电子邮件。