代码:
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println(doGet("http://www.baidu.com")); } /** * 测试get请求方式 * * @param link 链接 * @return 请求返回值 * @author 明快de玄米61 * @date 2021/09/05 */ private static String doGet(String link) { HttpURLConnection connection = null; InputStream in = null; BufferedReader reader = null; try { // 构造一个URL对象 URL url = new URL(link); // 获取URLConnection对象 connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // getOutputStream会隐含的进行connect(即:如同调用上面的connect()方法,所以在开发中不调用connect()也可以) in = connection.getInputStream(); // 通过InputStreamReader将字节流转换成字符串,在通过BufferedReader将字符流转换成自带缓冲流 reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); String line = null; // 按行读取 while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { sb.append(line); } return sb.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return null; } finally { // 关闭连接和流 if (connection != null) { connection.disconnect(); } if (in != null) { try { in.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } if (reader != null) { try { reader.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } } }
结果:
<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下,你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn"></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=http://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录</a>');</script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>©2017 Baidu <a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a> <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a> 京ICP证030173号 <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("token:" + doPost("接口地址", "root", "123456", "default")); } /** * 测试post请求方式 * @author 明快de玄米61 * @date 2021/9/6 23:12 * @param apiUrl 接口地址 * @param username 用户名 * @param password 密码 * @param tenantUrl 租户标识 * @return **/ private static String doPost(String apiUrl, String username, String password, String tenantUrl) { HttpURLConnection conn = null; OutputStream out = null; InputStream in = null; String idToken = null; try { // 构造一个URL对象 URL url = new URL(apiUrl); // 获取URLConnection对象 conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 限制socket等待建立连接的时间,超时将会抛出java.net.SocketTimeoutException conn.setConnectTimeout(3000); // 限制输入流等待数据到达的时间,超时将会抛出java.net.SocketTimeoutException conn.setReadTimeout(3000); // 设定请求的方法为"POST",默认是GET conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); // 设置传送的内容类型是json格式 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); // 接收的内容类型也是json格式 conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); // 设置是否从httpUrlConnection读入,默认情况下是true conn.setDoInput(true); // 由于URLConnection在默认的情况下不允许输出,所以在请求输出流之前必须调用setDoOutput(true)。为一个HTTP URL将doOutput设置为true时,请求方法将由GET变为POST conn.setDoOutput(true); // 是否使用缓存,Post方式不能使用缓存 conn.setUseCaches(false); // 准备数据 JSONObject json = new JSONObject(); json.put("username", username); json.put("password", DigestUtils.md5Hex(password)); json.put("tenantUrl", tenantUrl); // 返回一个OutputStream,可以用来写入数据传送给服务器 out = conn.getOutputStream(); // 将数据写入到输出流中 out.write(json.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)); // 刷新管道 out.flush(); // 建立连接 conn.connect(); // 判断数字响应码是否是200 int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode(); String result = ""; if (responseCode == 200) { // 获取输入流 in = conn.getInputStream(); // 获取返回的内容 StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8); char[] buffer = new char[4096]; for (int n = 0; -1 != (n = reader.read(buffer)); ) { sw.write(buffer, 0, n); } result = sw.toString(); // 处理返回的内容 if (result != null && !"".equals(result.trim())) { JSONObject rjo = JSONObject.parseObject(result, Feature.OrderedField); if (rjo != null && rjo.containsKey("retCode")) { int retCode = rjo.getInteger("retCode"); if (retCode == 0 && rjo.containsKey("data")) { JSONObject data = rjo.getJSONObject("data"); if (null != data && data.containsKey("idToken")) { // 获取最终想要的数据 idToken = data.getString("idToken"); } } } } } } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException("获取token出现连接/超时异常"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException("获取token时执行内部代码时出现异常"); } finally { try { if (conn != null) { conn.disconnect(); } if (out != null) { out.close(); } if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return idToken; } }
token:853b7c87-c16f-4e3b-96c4-9701fe3448ab
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("图谱结果:" + doPost("接口地址", "实例id", "token令牌", "图谱实例数量")); } private static String doPost(String apiUrl, String instanceId, String idToken, Integer number) { HttpURLConnection conn = null; OutputStream out = null; InputStream in = null; String result = null; try { URL url = new URL(apiUrl); conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); conn.setConnectTimeout(3000); conn.setReadTimeout(3000); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer " + idToken); conn.setDoInput(true); conn.setDoOutput(true); JSONObject json = new JSONObject(); json.put("pageNum", 0); json.put("pageSize", number); JSONObject data = new JSONObject(); String[] status = { "on" }; data.put("status", status); String[] instanceIdSet = { instanceId }; data.put("instanceIdSet", instanceIdSet); String[] checked = { "on" }; data.put("checked", checked); json.put("data", data); out = conn.getOutputStream(); out.write(json.toString().getBytes("utf-8")); out.flush(); conn.connect(); int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode(); if (responseCode == 200) { in = conn.getInputStream(); StringWriter sw = new StringWriter(); InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(in, "utf-8"); char[] buffer = new char[4096]; for (int n = 0; -1 != (n = reader.read(buffer));) { sw.write(buffer, 0, n); } result = sw.toString(); } } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException("调用获取图谱接口出现连接/超时异常"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw new RuntimeException("调用获取图谱接口执行内部代码时出现异常"); } finally { try { if (out != null) { out.close(); } if (conn != null) { conn.disconnect(); } if (in != null) { in.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return result; } }
1、详解HttpURLConnection
2、URLConnection