1 模拟环境搭建

1.1 识别磁盘设备

[16:29:25 root@centos8 ~]#for i in $(ls /sys/class/scsi_host/);do echo "- - -"> /sys/class/scsi_host/$i/scan;done

1.2 建分区

[16:30:05 root@centos8 ~]#fdisk /dev/sdc

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table.
Created a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6a0b14a0.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-2097151, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-2097151, default 2097151):

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 1023 MiB.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

1.3 格式化磁盘

[16:30:52 root@centos8 ~]#mkfs.xfs /dev/sdc1
meta-data=/dev/sdc1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=65472 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=261888, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=1566, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

1.4 挂载

[16:32:40 root@centos8 ~]#mkdir /data
[16:32:44 root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sdc1 /data/

1.5 复制模拟数据

[16:33:36 root@centos8 ~]#\cp -a /etc/* /data/
[16:34:26 root@centos8 ~]#\cp /media/BaseOS/Packages/*.rpm /data/

此时磁盘不够了
通过df 命令可以看到/data 100%了.我们需要扩展这个非lvm的分区

[16:35:09 root@centos8 ~]#df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             956M     0  956M   0% /dev
tmpfs                976M     0  976M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                976M  8.8M  967M   1% /run
tmpfs                976M     0  976M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root   66G  3.2G   62G   5% /
/dev/mapper/cl-home   32G  260M   32G   1% /home
/dev/sda1           1014M  180M  835M  18% /boot
tmpfs                196M     0  196M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdc1           1017M 1017M  132K 100% /data
/dev/sr0             9.3G  9.3G     0 100% /media

2 扩展分区

因为是workstation 所以要关下机

[16:35:57 root@centos8 ~]#shutdown -h now

2.1 硬盘扩展

2.2 重新对/dev/sdc分区

[16:39:09 root@centos8 ~]#lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    0  100G  0 disk
├─sda1        8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2        8:2    0   99G  0 part
  ├─cl-root 253:0    0 65.2G  0 lvm  /
  ├─cl-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
  └─cl-home 253:2    0 31.8G  0 lvm  /home
sdc          8:16   0    4G  0 disk
└─sdc1        8:17   0 1023M  0 part
sr0          11:0    1  9.3G  0 rom

[16:39:15 root@centos8 ~]#fdisk /dev/sdc

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.32.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 4 GiB, 4294967296 bytes, 8388608 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x6a0b14a0

Device     Boot Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1        2048 2097151 2095104 1023M 83 Linux

Command (m for help): d		<---------大胆删没事
Selected partition 1
Partition 1 has been deleted.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended (container for logical partitions)
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-8388607, default 2048):
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-8388607, default 8388607):

Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux' and of size 4 GiB.
Partition #1 contains a xfs signature.

Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: y   <--------------y就可以了

The signature will be removed by a write command.

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

2.3 修复xfs分区

[16:42:14 root@centos8 ~]#xfs_repair /dev/sdc1
Phase 1 - find and verify superblock...
bad primary superblock - bad magic number !!!

attempting to find secondary superblock...
.found candidate secondary superblock...
verified secondary superblock...
writing modified primary superblock
sb realtime bitmap inode 18446744073709551615 (NULLFSINO) inconsistent with calculated value 129
resetting superblock realtime bitmap ino pointer to 129
sb realtime summary inode 18446744073709551615 (NULLFSINO) inconsistent with calculated value 130
resetting superblock realtime summary ino pointer to 130
Phase 2 - using internal log
        - zero log...
        - scan filesystem freespace and inode maps...
sb_icount 0, counted 2560
sb_ifree 0, counted 122
sb_fdblocks 260298, counted 10075
        - found root inode chunk
Phase 3 - for each AG...
        - scan and clear agi unlinked lists...
        - process known inodes and perform inode discovery...
        - agno = 0
        - agno = 1
        - agno = 2
        - agno = 3
        - process newly discovered inodes...
Phase 4 - check for duplicate blocks...
        - setting up duplicate extent list...
        - check for inodes claiming duplicate blocks...
        - agno = 0
        - agno = 1
        - agno = 2
        - agno = 3
Phase 5 - rebuild AG headers and trees...
        - reset superblock...
Phase 6 - check inode connectivity...
        - resetting contents of realtime bitmap and summary inodes
        - traversing filesystem ...
        - traversal finished ...
        - moving disconnected inodes to lost+found ...
Phase 7 - verify and correct link counts...
Note - stripe unit (0) and width (0) were copied from a backup superblock.
Please reset with mount -o sunit=<value>,swidth=<value> if necessary
done

2.4 挂载xfs分区

[16:47:25 root@centos8 ~]#mount /dev/sdc1 /data/
[16:47:22 root@centos8 ~]#df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             956M     0  956M   0% /dev
tmpfs                976M     0  976M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                976M  8.8M  967M   1% /run
tmpfs                976M     0  976M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cl-root   66G  3.2G   62G   5% /
/dev/mapper/cl-home   32G  260M   32G   1% /home
/dev/sda1           1014M  180M  835M  18% /boot
tmpfs                196M     0  196M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdc1           1017M 1017M  132K 100% /data

2.5 测试

[16:47:25 root@centos8 ~]#ls /data/*.conf
/data/asound.conf  /data/kdump.conf     /data/logrotate.conf  /data/sestatus.conf   /data/xattr.conf
/data/chrony.conf  /data/krb5.conf      /data/man_db.conf     /data/sudo.conf       /data/yum.conf
/data/dracut.conf  /data/ld.so.conf     /data/mke2fs.conf     /data/sudo-ldap.conf
/data/fuse.conf    /data/libaudit.conf  /data/nsswitch.conf   /data/sysctl.conf
/data/host.conf    /data/libuser.conf   /data/resolv.conf     /data/tcsd.conf
/data/idmapd.conf  /data/locale.conf    /data/rsyslog.conf    /data/vconsole.conf
[16:50:13 root@centos8 ~]#ls /data/*.rpm |head -3
/data/aajohan-comfortaa-fonts-3.001-2.el8.noarch.rpm
/data/accel-config-2.8-1.el8.i686.rpm
/data/accel-config-2.8-1.el8.x86_64.rpm