在JPA中,我们可以通过实体轻松地将数据插入到数据库中。 EntityManager
提供persist()
方法来插入数据记录。
在这里,我们将演示如何使用实现插入学生的记录。
创建一个JPA项目,其项目目录结构如下所示 -
这个例子包含以下步骤 -
第1步: 在com.zyiz.jpa.student
包下创建一个名为StudentEntity.java的实体类,这个类包含以下几个属性:s_id
,s_name
和 s_age
。
文件:StudentEntity.java 的代码如下 -
package com.zyiz.jpa.student; import javax.persistence.*; @Entity @Table(name = "student") public class StudentEntity { @Id private int s_id; private String s_name; private int s_age; public StudentEntity(int s_id, String s_name, int s_age) { super(); this.s_id = s_id; this.s_name = s_name; this.s_age = s_age; } public StudentEntity() { super(); } public int getS_id() { return s_id; } public void setS_id(int s_id) { this.s_id = s_id; } public String getS_name() { return s_name; } public void setS_name(String s_name) { this.s_name = s_name; } public int getS_age() { return s_age; } public void setS_age(int s_age) { this.s_age = s_age; } }
第2步: 现在,将实体类和其他数据库配置映射到persistence.xml
文件中。
文件:persistence.xml 的内容如下 -
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd"> <persistence-unit name="Student_details"> <class>com.zyiz.jpa.student.StudentEntity</class> <properties> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?serverTimezone=UTC" /> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root" /> <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="123456" /> <property name="eclipselink.logging.level" value="SEVERE" /> <property name="eclipselink.ddl-generation" value="create-or-extend-tables" /> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence>
第3步: 在com.zyiz.jpa.persist
包下创建一个名为PersistStudent.java
的持久化类,以便将实体对象与数据保持一致。
文件:PersistStudent.java 的代码如下 -
package com.zyiz.jpa.student; import javax.persistence.*; public class PersistStudent { public static void main(String args[]) { EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("Student_details"); EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); em.getTransaction().begin(); StudentEntity s1 = new StudentEntity(); s1.setS_id(1001); s1.setS_name("Maxsu"); s1.setS_age(26); StudentEntity s2 = new StudentEntity(); s2.setS_id(1102); s2.setS_name("zyiz"); s2.setS_age(23); StudentEntity s3 = new StudentEntity(); s3.setS_id(1003); s3.setS_name("James"); s3.setS_age(28); em.persist(s1); em.persist(s2); em.persist(s3); em.getTransaction().commit(); em.close(); emf.close(); System.out.println("All job done."); } }
执行上面程序后,student
表在MySQL工作台下生成。此表包含学生的详细信息。要获取数据,请在MySQL控制台执行select * from student
查询。得到以下结果 -