在java 8之前,接口可以有以下类型的变量/方法。
所以我们不能在接口中编写方法的实现,或者更确切地说,在Java 8之前实现默认实现。请参阅下面示例。
// 接口 interface Logging { String ORACLE = "Oracle_Database"; String MYSQL = "MySql_Database"; void logInfo(String message); void logWarn(String message); void logError(String message); void logFatal(String message); void getConnection(); void closeConnection(); } // 接口实现 final class LogOracle implements Logging { @Override public void logInfo(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "INFO"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void logWarn(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "WARN"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void logError(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "ERROR"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void logFatal(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "FATAL"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void getConnection() { System.out.println("Open Database connection"); } @Override public void closeConnection() { System.out.println("Close Database connection"); } } // 接口实现 final class LogMySql implements Logging { @Override public void logInfo(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "INFO"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void logWarn(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "WARN"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void logError(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "ERROR"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void logFatal(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "FATAL"); closeConnection(); } @Override public void getConnection() { System.out.println("Open Database connection"); } @Override public void closeConnection() { System.out.println("Close Database connection"); } } // 测试类 public class Tester { public static void main(String []args) { LogOracle log = new LogOracle(); log.logInfo(""); log.logWarn(""); log.logError(""); log.logFatal(""); LogMySql log1 = new LogMySql(); log1.logInfo(""); log1.logWarn(""); log1.logError(""); log1.logFatal(""); } }
执行上面示例代码,得到以下结果 -
Open Database connection Log Message : INFO Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : WARN Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : ERROR Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : FATAL Close Database connection
在上面的例子中,每个日志方法都有自己的实现。 使用Java 8接口可以有以下类型的变量/方法。
让我们使用Java 8在接口中使用默认实现和静态方法。参考以下代码 -
// 接口 interface Logging { String ORACLE = "Oracle_Database"; String MYSQL = "MySql_Database"; default void logInfo(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "INFO"); closeConnection(); } default void logWarn(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "WARN"); closeConnection(); } default void logError(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "ERROR"); closeConnection(); } default void logFatal(String message) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + "FATAL"); closeConnection(); } static void getConnection() { System.out.println("Open Database connection"); } static void closeConnection() { System.out.println("Close Database connection"); } } // 接口的实现 final class LogOracle implements Logging { } final class LogMySql implements Logging { } // 测试类 public class Tester { public static void main(String []args) { LogOracle log = new LogOracle(); log.logInfo(""); log.logWarn(""); log.logError(""); log.logFatal(""); LogMySql log1 = new LogMySql(); log1.logInfo(""); log1.logWarn(""); log1.logError(""); log1.logFatal(""); } }
执行上面示例代码,得到以下结果 -
Open Database connection Log Message : INFO Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : WARN Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : ERROR Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : FATAL Close Database connection
在上面的例子中,我们再次使用Java9来重复实现。 使用Java 9接口可以有以下类型的变量/方法。
在Java 9中实现私有方法使用它们,参考以下代码实现 -
// 接口 interface Logging { String ORACLE = "Oracle_Database"; String MYSQL = "MySql_Database"; private void log(String message, String prefix) { getConnection(); System.out.println("Log Message : " + prefix); closeConnection(); } default void logInfo(String message) { log(message, "INFO"); } default void logWarn(String message) { log(message, "WARN"); } default void logError(String message) { log(message, "ERROR"); } default void logFatal(String message) { log(message, "FATAL"); } private static void getConnection() { System.out.println("Open Database connection"); } private static void closeConnection() { System.out.println("Close Database connection"); } } // 实现 final class LogOracle implements Logging { } final class LogMySql implements Logging { } // 测试 public class Tester { public static void main(String []args) { LogOracle log = new LogOracle(); log.logInfo(""); log.logWarn(""); log.logError(""); log.logFatal(""); LogMySql log1 = new LogMySql(); log1.logInfo(""); log1.logWarn(""); log1.logError(""); log1.logFatal(""); } }
执行上面示例代码,得到以下结果 -
Open Database connection Log Message : INFO Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : WARN Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : ERROR Close Database connection Open Database connection Log Message : FATAL Close Database connection