前面一章节我们介绍了 Ruby DBI 的使用。这章节我们技术 Ruby 连接 Mysql 更高效的驱动 mysql2,目前也推荐使用这种方式连接 MySql。
安装 mysql2 驱动:
你需要使用 –with-mysql-config 配置 mysql_config 的路径,如: –with-mysql-config=/some/random/path/bin/mysql_config。
连接
连接数据库语法如下:
client = Mysql2::Client.new(:host => "localhost", :username => "root")
更多参数可以查看 http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/ConnectionAdapters/MysqlAdapter.html。
查询
results = client.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE group='githubbers'")
特殊字符转义
escaped = client.escape("gi'thu\"bbe\0r's")
results = client.query("SELECT * FROM users WHERE group='#{escaped}'")
计算结果集返回的数量:
results.count
迭代结果集:
results.each do |row|
puts row["id"]
if row["dne"]
puts row["dne"]
end
end
实例
require 'mysql2'
client = Mysql2::Client.new(
:host => '127.0.0.1',
:username => 'root',
:password => '123456',
:database => 'test',
:encoding => 'utf8'
)
results = client.query("SELECT VERSION()")
results.each do |row|
puts row
end
以上实例运行输出结果为:
{"VERSION()"=>"5.6.21"}
连接选项
Mysql2::Client.new(
:host,
:username,
:password,
:port,
:database,
:socket = '/path/to/mysql.sock',
:flags = REMEMBER_OPTIONS | LONG_PASSWORD | LONG_FLAG | TRANSACTIONS | PROTOCOL_41 | SECURE_CONNECTION | MULTI_STATEMENTS,
:encoding = 'utf8',
:read_timeout = seconds,
:write_timeout = seconds,
:connect_timeout = seconds,
:reconnect = true/false,
:local_infile = true/false,
:secure_auth = true/false,
:default_file = '/path/to/my.cfg',
:default_group = 'my.cfg section',
:init_command => sql
)
更多内容请参阅:http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/mysql2/0.2.3/frames。