在特定限制条件下,Django的order_by方法会导致SQL注入
影响版本:3.1.x < 3.1.13, 3.2.x < 3.2.5
条件:
Debug=True
order_by
方法复现/分析环境:
python 3.8.1
Django 3.2.4
MySQL 5.7.26
当order_by
的传入参数中包含.
时,可进行SQL注入,但需要正确的列名,可以通过猜测id, _id
或输入错误的列名,从报错信息中得到列名
如果传入错误的列名,会因为列明不存在而产生Exception
退出,进入不到执行SQL注入语句的部分
利用updatexml
,.id);select%20updatexml(1,%20concat(0x7e,(select%20database())),1)%23
即可进行报错注入
Demo
# views.py 省略import def vul(request): query = request.GET.get('order', default='id') q = Collection.objects.order_by(query) return HttpResponse(q.values()) # models.py view.py中调用的Collection定义 from django.db import models class Collection(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
传入poc,打断点调试:
QuerySet
实例,(db
:数据库,model
:模型,ordered
:是否已排序,query
:sql语句)django.db.models.query line 1143 QuerySet.order_by
方法,obj
是self
复制得到的对象跟进line 1149 add_ordering(poc)
->line 1960 add_ordering()
传入的poc为字符串,且其中包含.
,所以直接continue
跳出for循环(传入的order_by
参数只有一个,for循环只有一次),没有进入到names_to_path
方法,之后执行self.order_by += ordering
参数ordering是我们传入的poc
此时的SQL语句是SELECT
vuln_collection.
id,
vuln_collection.
nameFROM
vuln_collection ORDER BY (``.id);select updatexml(1, concat(0x7e,(select database())),1)#) ASC
,因为这里的QuerySet._query
是sql.Query
实例化对象,会根据参数自动更新SQL语句
def add_ordering(self, *ordering): errors = [] for item in ordering: if isinstance(item, str): if '.' in item: warnings.warn( 'Passing column raw column aliases to order_by() is ' 'deprecated. Wrap %r in a RawSQL expression before ' 'passing it to order_by().' % item, category=RemovedInDjango40Warning, stacklevel=3, ) continue if item == '?': continue if item.startswith('-'): item = item[1:] if item in self.annotations: continue if self.extra and item in self.extra: continue # names_to_path() validates the lookup. A descriptive # FieldError will be raise if it's not. self.names_to_path(item.split(LOOKUP_SEP), self.model._meta) elif not hasattr(item, 'resolve_expression'): errors.append(item) if getattr(item, 'contains_aggregate', False): raise FieldError( 'Using an aggregate in order_by() without also including ' 'it in annotate() is not allowed: %s' % item ) if errors: raise FieldError('Invalid order_by arguments: %s' % errors) if ordering: self.order_by += ordering else: self.default_ordering = False
漏洞成因就是上面代码第13行的continue
,修复方法也很简单,去掉continue
,确保每一个参数进入到names_to_path
即可
names_to_path
为参数合理性检验的方法,对order_by
传入的列名进行检验,以下为部分代码
order_by
传入的每一个参数,通过model
模型获取对应字段,如果字段不存在,且不是注释字段,不是_filtered_relations
(可用于join连接),则会报错,并返回可选字段def names_to_path(self, names, opts, allow_many=True, fail_on_missing=False): path, names_with_path = [], [] for pos, name in enumerate(names): cur_names_with_path = (name, []) if name == 'pk': name = opts.pk.name field = None filtered_relation = None try: field = opts.get_field(name) except FieldDoesNotExist: if name in self.annotation_select: field = self.annotation_select[name].output_field elif name in self._filtered_relations and pos == 0: filtered_relation = self._filtered_relations[name] if LOOKUP_SEP in filtered_relation.relation_name: parts = filtered_relation.relation_name.split(LOOKUP_SEP) filtered_relation_path, field, _, _ = self.names_to_path( parts, opts, allow_many, fail_on_missing, ) path.extend(filtered_relation_path[:-1]) else: field = opts.get_field(filtered_relation.relation_name) if field is not None: if field.is_relation and not field.related_model: raise FieldError( "Field %r does not generate an automatic reverse " "relation and therefore cannot be used for reverse " "querying. If it is a GenericForeignKey, consider " "adding a GenericRelation." % name ) try: model = field.model._meta.concrete_model except AttributeError: model = None else: pos -= 1 if pos == -1 or fail_on_missing: available = sorted([ *get_field_names_from_opts(opts), *self.annotation_select, *self._filtered_relations, ]) raise FieldError("Cannot resolve keyword '%s' into field. " "Choices are: %s" % (name, ", ".join(available))) break
以下部分为后续代码执行过程,与漏洞成因无关
order_by
方法,完成obj对象的封装并返回 (上层还有manager_method()
方法,通过反射来调用对应函数,直接略过了)q = Collection.objects.order_by(query)
即完成了QuerySet
对象的封装,之后的q.values()
才会执行SQL语句django.db.models.query valuese()方法
,可以看到fields
和expressions
都为空
self_values(*fields, **expressions)
又是一次对象拷贝跟进clone._iterable_class = ValuesIterable
该语句执行后,return clone,返回的是可迭代对象,本身并没有值,而且也并没有执行SQL语句,当获取可迭代对象的值时,才会执行
所以调试时,需要进入到HttpResponse的
self.content = content
时才会触发SQL注入
一直到yield
语句,SQL语句执行