命令:docker pull nginx
命令:docker run --name nginx -p 80:80 -d nginx
1)命令查看是否启动,命令:docker ps 2)网页访问,浏览器输入IP地址回车,就可以看到 “Welcome to nginx!”
原因:虽然咱们能正常启动nginx,但配置得在容器中进行,这样的话太麻烦了,所以把配置文件给映射出来,方便配置与管理
mkdir -p /data/nginx/{conf,conf.d,html,log}
nginx.conf
user www-data; worker_processes auto; pid /run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; # server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # SSL Settings ## ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; # gzip_vary on; # gzip_proxied any; # gzip_comp_level 6; # gzip_buffers 16 8k; # gzip_http_version 1.1; # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; server{ listen 80; server_name 175.24.235.187; #你的serverName root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html; } }
sudo docker run --name nginx -d -p 80:80 -v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /data/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx -v /data/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v /data/files:/files nginx 说明: 第一个-v:挂载nginx的主配置文件,以方便在宿主机上直接修改容器的配置文件 第二个-v:挂载容器内nginx的日志,容器运行起来之后,可以直接在宿主机的这个目录中查看nginx日志 第三个-v:挂载静态页面目录 第四个-v:挂载文件数据目录 注意:进入容器,删除conf.d文件夹下的default.conf;否则配置无效。
1) docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash 2) cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/ 3) rm -rf default.conf 4) exit 5) docker restart nginx
把server模块中的index改成main.html页面,以证明可以在宿主机中修改配置文件。(创建好main.html并上传到/data/nginx/html下)
server{ listen 80; server_name your_server_name; #你的serverName root /usr/share/nginx/html; index main.html; }
然后重启nginx容器:docker restart containerID
之后刷新页面你会发现页面从index.html变成了main.html
1、在location 中 echo “hello Nginx!” 访问可以直接输出文字
例: location / { echo "hello Nginx!" }
2、location匹配规则:
1)最低级别匹配规则: location / { echo "hello Nginx!" } 2)最高级别匹配规则: location /user { echo "hello user.hmtl" } 3)其它级别匹配规则: location ^~ /user { echo "hello user.hmtl" } location ~^ /user { echo "hello user.hmtl" } location ~ ^/[a-z] { echo "hello user.hmtl" } location ~ ^/\a { echo "hello user.hmtl" }
3、反向代理细节:
location /user { proxy_pass http://ip; } location /order/ { proxy_pass http://ip/; } 访问结果: http://ip/user/xx... http://ip/xx...
4、负载均衡配置
upstream order { server 192.168.5.18:8080 weight=1; server 192.168.5.18:8081 weight=1; } server{ location /order/ { proxy_pass http://order/; } } 注:weight=1,配置的为权重,值越高权重越高
5、nginx搭建文件服务器
server{ listen 80; server_name localhost,175.24.235.187; #你的serverName client_max_body_size 1000M; charset UTF-8; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*' always; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true' always; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS' always; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization' always; add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range' always; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html; index index.html; } #静态文件资源服务 location /files { add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods 'GET, POST, OPTIONS'; add_header Access-Control-Allow-Headers 'DNT,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Authorization'; alias /files; allow all; autoindex on; } }