多个线程各自战友一些资源,并且相互等待其他线程占有的资源才能运行,而导致两个或者多个线程都在等待对方释放资源,都停止执行的情形。某一个同步块同时拥有两个以上对象的锁时,就可能会发生死锁问题。
形成死锁的四个必要条件:
避免死锁:破坏形成死锁的四个必要条件其中任意一个就可以避免死锁的产生
package com.yuanyu.thread; //死锁:多个对象持有对方需要的资源 相互僵持 public class DeadLock { public static void main(String[] args) { Makeup g1=new Makeup("xiaoming",0); Makeup g2=new Makeup("xiaohong",1); g1.start(); g2.start(); } } class LipStick{ } class Mirror{ } class Makeup extends Thread{ String name; int choice; Makeup(String name,int choice){ this.choice=choice; this.name=name; } //需要的资源只有一份,用static来保证资源的唯一 static LipStick lipStick =new LipStick(); static Mirror mirror =new Mirror(); @Override public void run() { //化妆 makeup(); } private void makeup(){ if (choice==0){ synchronized (lipStick){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了口红的锁"); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }synchronized (mirror){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了镜子的锁"); } } } else { synchronized (mirror){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了镜子的锁"); try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }synchronized (lipStick){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了口红的锁"); } } } } }
程序形成死锁:
package com.yuanyu.thread; //死锁:多个对象持有对方需要的资源 相互僵持 public class DeadLock { public static void main(String[] args) { Makeup g1=new Makeup("xiaoming",0); Makeup g2=new Makeup("xiaohong",1); g1.start(); g2.start(); } } class LipStick{ } class Mirror{ } class Makeup extends Thread{ String name; int choice; Makeup(String name,int choice){ this.choice=choice; this.name=name; } //需要的资源只有一份,用static来保证资源的唯一 static LipStick lipStick =new LipStick(); static Mirror mirror =new Mirror(); @Override public void run() { //化妆 makeup(); } private void makeup(){ if (choice==0){ synchronized (lipStick){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了口红的锁"); try { Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } synchronized (mirror){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了镜子的锁"); } } else { synchronized (mirror){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了镜子的锁"); try { Thread.sleep(2000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } synchronized (lipStick){ System.out.println(this.name+"获得了口红的锁"); } } } }
程序运行结果:死锁问题解决