keepalived + nginx 主主模式

本文主要是介绍keepalived + nginx 主主模式，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

第一章 keepalived

1.1 keepalived 服务说明

Keepalived软件起初是专为LVS负载均衡软件设计的，用来管理并监控LVS集群系统中各个服务节点的状态，后来又加入了可以实现高可用的VRRP功能。因此，Keepalived除了能够管理LVS软件外，还可以作为其他服务（例如：Nginx、Haproxy、MySQL等）的高可用解决方案软件。

　　Keepalived软件主要是通过VRRP协议实现高可用功能的。VRRP是Virtual Router RedundancyProtocol(虚拟路由器冗余协议）的缩写，VRRP出现的目的就是为了解决静态路由单点故障问题的，它能够保证当个别节点宕机时，整个网络可以不间断地运行。

1.2 keepalived 服务三个重要功能

　管理LVS负载均衡软件

　　实现LVS集群节点的健康检查中

作为系统网络服务的高可用性（failover）

* 在本次测试环境中通过keepalived 的网络高可用功能实现负载均衡集群

1.3 Keepalived 的工作原理

Keepalived的工作原理：

　　Keepalived高可用对之间是通过VRRP通信的，因此，我们从 VRRP开始了解起：

　　　　1) VRRP,全称 Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol,中文名为虚拟路由冗余协议，VRRP的出现是为了解决静态路由的单点故障。

　　　　2) VRRP是通过一种竟选协议机制来将路由任务交给某台 VRRP路由器的。

　　　　3) VRRP用 IP多播的方式（默认多播地址（224.0_0.18))实现高可用对之间通信。

　　　　4) 工作时主节点发包，备节点接包，当备节点接收不到主节点发的数据包的时候，就启动接管程序接管主节点的开源。备节点可以有多个，通过优先级竞选，但一般 Keepalived系统运维工作中都是一对。

　　　　5) VRRP使用了加密协议加密数据，但Keepalived官方目前还是推荐用明文的方式配置认证类型和密码。

　　介绍完 VRRP,接下来我再介绍一下 Keepalived服务的工作原理：

　　Keepalived高可用对之间是通过 VRRP进行通信的， VRRP是遑过竞选机制来确定主备的，主的优先级高于备，因此，工作时主会优先获得所有的资源，备节点处于等待状态，当主挂了的时候，备节点就会接管主节点的资源，然后顶替主节点对外提供服务。

　　在 Keepalived服务对之间，只有作为主的服务器会一直发送 VRRP广播包,告诉备它还活着，此时备不会枪占主，当主不可用时，即备监听不到主发送的广播包时，就会启动相关服务接管资源，保证业务的连续性.接管速度最快可以小于1秒。

第二章 Nginx

2.1 nginx 服务说明

Nginx是一款自由的、开源的、高性能的HTTP服务器和反向代理服务器；同时也是一个IMAP、POP3、SMTP代理服务器；Nginx可以作为一个HTTP服务器进行网站的发布处理，另外nginx可以作为反向代理进行负载均衡的实现。在本次测试中使用upstream 和proxy_pass 实现反向代理和负载均衡。

第三章功能测试

3.1 测试环境

系统版本

# cat /etc/centos-release

CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core)

内核版本

# uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Keepalived 版本

# keepalived -v

Keepalived v1.3.5 (03/19,2017), git commit v1.3.5-6-g6fa32f2

Nginx 版本

#./nginx -v

nginx version: nginx/1.14.1

部署环境

ESXI 5.5

3.2 部署架构

3.2 配置说明

#!/bin/bash

if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]

then

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #以上作用：如果进程没有nginx，则启动

sleep 5 #间隔时间

if [ "$(ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process"| grep -v grep )" == "" ]

then
killall keepalived #以上作用：如果进程没有nginx，则停止keepalived
fi
fi

三台设备接口地址和虚拟服务对应地址如下：

server_1 :

接口地址: 10.2.61.21

虚拟服务地址: 10.2.61.24

server_2:

接口地址：10.2.61.22

虚拟服务地址：10.2.61.25

server_3:

接口地址：10.2.61.23

虚拟服务地址: 10.2.61.26

3.2.1 server_1 配置

Keepalived 配置文件:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

acassen@firewall.loc

failover@firewall.loc

sysadmin@firewall.loc

}

notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc

smtp_server 192.168.200.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr

#vrrp_strict

vrrp_garp_interval 0

vrrp_gna_interval 0

router_id lb01

}

vrrp_script nginx_check { # nginx 服务监测脚本

script "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx_check.sh"

interval 4 #脚本执行间隔时间

weight -25 #脚本触发消减的权重值

# timeout 3

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 { #集群1

state MASTER #当前设备为主机

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 21 #路由标识符

priority 100 #优先级100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322 #明文认证密码

}

virtual_ipaddress { #集群绑定的虚拟服务地址

10.2.61.24

}

track_script { #绑定的执行脚本

nginx_check

}

vrrp_instance VI_2 { #集群2

state BACKUP #当前主机为备机

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 22 #同步组2 标识符

priority 80 #当前主机在集群中的优先级

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322 #明文认证密码

}

virtual_ipaddress { #集群绑定虚拟服务地址

10.2.61.25

}

vrrp_instance VI_3 { #集群3

state BACKUP #当前主机在集群中为备机

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 23 #集群标识符

priority 60 #当前主机在集群中优先级

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322 #明文认证密码

}

virtual_ipaddress { #集群绑定虚拟服务地址

10.2.61.26

}

Nginx 服务配置文件:

#user nobody;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

upstream lb_hb { #定义负载均衡池

server 202.110.184.34:80 ;

server 111.161.3.158:80 backup;

server 202.120.127.248:80 backup;

}

upstream lb_nx { #定义负载均衡池

server 10.2.61.28:80;

}

upstream lb_jx { #定义负载均衡池

server 10.2.61.28:8088;

}

server { #定义虚拟服务，通过proxy_pass 模块绑定负载均衡池

listen 8088;

server_name www.hb.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_hb;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

server { #定义虚拟服务，通过proxy_pass 模块绑定负载均衡池

listen 8088;

server_name www.nx.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_nx;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

server { #定义虚拟服务，通过proxy_pass 模块绑定负载均衡池

listen 8088;

server_name www.jx.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_jx;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

3.2.2 server_2 配置

Keepalived 服务配置文件:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

acassen@firewall.loc

failover@firewall.loc

sysadmin@firewall.loc

}

notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc

smtp_server 192.168.200.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr

# vrrp_strict

vrrp_garp_interval 0

vrrp_gna_interval 0

router_id lb02

}

vrrp_script nginx_check {

script "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx_check.sh"

interval 4

weight -25

#timeout 3

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 21

priority 60

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.2.61.24

}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {

state MASTER

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 22

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.2.61.25

}

track_script {

nginx_check

}

vrrp_instance VI_3 {

state BACKUP

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 23

priority 80

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.2.61.26

}

Nginx 服务配置文件：

#user nobody;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

upstream lb_hb {

server 202.110.184.34:80 ;

server 111.161.3.158:80 backup;

server 202.120.127.248:80 backup;

}

upstream lb_nx {

server 10.2.61.28:80;

}

upstream lb_jx {

server 10.2.61.28:8088;

}

server {

listen 8088;

server_name www.hb.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_hb;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

server {

listen 8088;

server_name www.nx.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_nx;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

server {

listen 8088;

server_name www.jx12.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_jx;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

3.2.3 server_3 配置

Keepalived 配置文件:

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {

notification_email {

acassen@firewall.loc

failover@firewall.loc

sysadmin@firewall.loc

}

notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc

smtp_server 192.168.200.1

smtp_connect_timeout 30

router_id LVS_DEVEL

vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr

# vrrp_strict

vrrp_garp_interval 0

vrrp_gna_interval 0

router_id lb02

}

vrrp_script nginx_check {

script "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx_check.sh"

interval 4

weight -25

#timeout 3

}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {

state BACKUP

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 21

priority 60

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.2.61.24

}

vrrp_instance VI_2 {

state MASTER

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 22

priority 100

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.2.61.25

}

track_script {

nginx_check

}

vrrp_instance VI_3 {

state BACKUP

interface ens192

virtual_router_id 23

priority 80

advert_int 1

authentication {

auth_type PASS

auth_pass 1322

}

virtual_ipaddress {

10.2.61.26

}

Nginx 配置文件：

#user nobody;

worker_processes 1;

#error_log logs/error.log;

#error_log logs/error.log notice;

#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;

events {

worker_connections 1024;

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on;

#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;

keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

upstream lb_hb {

server 202.110.184.34:80 ;

server 111.161.3.158:80 backup;

server 202.120.127.248:80 backup;

}

upstream lb_nx {

server 10.2.61.28:80;

}

upstream lb_jx {

server 10.2.61.28:8088;

}

server {

listen 8088;

server_name www.hb.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_hb;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

server {

listen 8088;

server_name www.nx.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_nx;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

server {

listen 8088;

server_name www.jx12.sgcc.com.cn;

location / {

proxy_pass http://lb_jx;

proxy_set_header Host $proxy_host;

}

3.2 服务测试

1.首先启动三台设备nginx 服务

2.依次启动三台设备keepalived 服务

查看设备日志查看keepalived 服务交互日志

Server_1 log：

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost systemd: Starting LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor...

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived[19874]: Starting Keepalived v1.3.5 (03/19,2017), git commit v1.3.5-6-g6fa32f2

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived[19874]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost systemd: PID file /var/run/keepalived.pid not readable (yet?) after start.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived[19875]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=19876

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived[19875]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=19877

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost systemd: Started LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[19876]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: WARNING - default user 'keepalived_script' for script execution does not exist - please create.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: SECURITY VIOLATION - scripts are being executed but script_security not enabled.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]

Dec 11 10:35:08 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Script(nginx_check) succeeded

Dec 11 10:35:09 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:10 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:10 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:10 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:35:10 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:35:10 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:35:12 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:12 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:13 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:15 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:35:15 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:35:15 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Received advert with higher priority 100, ours 80

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Received advert with higher priority 80, ours 60

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) removing protocol VIPs.

Server_2 log:

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost systemd: Starting LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor...

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived[20375]: Starting Keepalived v1.3.5 (03/19,2017), git commit v1.3.5-6-g6fa32f2

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived[20375]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost systemd: PID file /var/run/keepalived.pid not readable (yet?) after start.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived[20376]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=20377

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived[20376]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=20378

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost systemd: Started LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[20377]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: WARNING - default user 'keepalived_script' for script execution does not exist - please create.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: SECURITY VIOLATION - scripts are being executed but script_security not enabled.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Script(nginx_check) succeeded

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) forcing a new MASTER election

Dec 11 10:35:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:22 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:22 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:22 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.25

Dec 11 10:35:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:27 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Received advert with higher priority 100, ours 80

Dec 11 10:35:27 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:27 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[20378]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) removing protocol VIPs.

Server_3 log :

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost systemd: Starting LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor...

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived[11304]: Starting Keepalived v1.3.5 (03/19,2017), git commit v1.3.5-6-g6fa32f2

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived[11304]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost systemd: PID file /var/run/keepalived.pid not readable (yet?) after start.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived[11305]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=11306

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived[11305]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=11307

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost systemd: Started LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[11306]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: WARNING - default user 'keepalived_script' for script execution does not exist - please create.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: SECURITY VIOLATION - scripts are being executed but script_security not enabled.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector...

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_2) Entering BACKUP STATE

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP sockpool: [ifindex(2), proto(112), unicast(0), fd(10,11)]

Dec 11 10:35:26 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Script(nginx_check) succeeded

Dec 11 10:35:27 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:28 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:35:28 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:35:28 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:28 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:28 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:33 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:33 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_3) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

Dec 11 10:35:33 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.26

三台服务器分别依次承载服务。访问测试业务都正常。

模拟单台设备故障测试：

Server_1 故障

Server_1 log :

Dec 11 10:45:15 localhost systemd-logind: Removed session 4.

Dec 11 10:45:16 localhost Keepalived[19875]: Stopping

Dec 11 10:45:16 localhost systemd: Stopping LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor...

Dec 11 10:45:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sent 0 priority

Dec 11 10:45:16 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:45:16 localhost Keepalived_healthcheckers[19876]: Stopped

Dec 11 10:45:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[19877]: Stopped

Dec 11 10:45:17 localhost Keepalived[19875]: Stopped Keepalived v1.3.5 (03/19,2017), git commit v1.3.5-6-g6fa32f2

Dec 11 10:45:17 localhost systemd: Stopped LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.

Server_3 log : server_3 集群1 优先级 80 在server_1 故障时承载业务

Dec 11 10:45:17 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:45:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE

Dec 11 10:45:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.

Dec 11 10:45:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:45:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:45:18 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:45:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:45:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

Dec 11 10:45:23 localhost Keepalived_vrrp[11307]: Sending gratuitous ARP on ens192 for 10.2.61.24

数据包分析：

Server_3作为集群3 主负载节点发送组播数据包

Server_3作为集群1 备份负载节点发送组播数据包

第四章总结

本次测试软件负载均衡采用主+主+主构建负载均衡集群，能够承载业务，并且在nginx故障时通过配置监测脚本及时监测故障停止keepalived 服务进行业务迁移。

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