本文首发于 2016-03-15 19:56:52
注意:本篇文章成文时 Postgres-XC 还未改名为 Postgres-X2 。
git clone git@github.com:postgres-x2/postgres-x2.git
对于 Ubuntu/Debian:
apt-get install -y git-core apt-get install -y gcc g++ apt-get install -y ccache apt-get install -y libreadline-dev apt-get install -y bison flex apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev apt-get install -y openssl libssl-dev apt-get install -y libpam-dev apt-get install -y libcurl4-dev apt-get install -y libbz2-dev apt-get install -y python-dev apt-get install -y ssh apt-get install -y libcurl4-dev Package libcurl4-dev is a virtual package provided by: libcurl4-openssl-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2 libcurl4-nss-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2 libcurl4-gnutls-dev 7.38.0-4+deb8u2 apt-get install -y python-pip pip install lockfile pip install paramiko pip install setuptools pip install epydoc pip install psi Note: debian8 required pip install --pre psi
对于 CentOS:
yum install –y git.x86_64 yum install –y gcc.x86_64 gcc-c++.x86_64 yum install –y ccache.x86_64 yum install readline.x86_64 readline-devel.x86_64 yum install bison.x86_64 bison-devel.x86_64 yum install flex.x86_64 flex-devel.x86_64 yum install zlib.x86_64 zlib-devel.x86_64 yum install -y openssl.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64 yum install -y pam.x86_64 pam-devel.x86_64 yum install –y libcurl.x86_64 libcurl-devel.x86_64 yum install bzip2-libs.x86_64 bzip2.x86_64 bzip2-devel.x86_64 yum install libssh2.x86_64 libssh2-devel.x86_64 yum install python-devel.x86_64 yum install -y python-pip.noarch # 接着执行: pip install lockfile pip install paramiko pip install setuptools pip install epydoc pip install psi # 或者执行: yum install python-lockfile.noarch yum install python-PSI.x86_64 yum install python-paramiko.noarch yum install python-setuptools.noarch yum install epydoc.noarch
$ cd postgres-x2 $ ./configure --prefix=/home/wslu/pgsql --enable-debug #其中--prefix指定编绎完成后将要安装的路径,必须使用全路径,wslu为使用者。 $ make #执行编绎 $ make install #执行安装
$ cd /home/wslu/pgsql #设置PTAH变量 $ export PATH=/home/user/pgsql/bin:$PATH #使用初始化gtm命令initgtm $ ./bin/initgtm -Z gtm -D data/gtm/
初始化所有数据库节点(CO、DN):
#使用初始化db命令initdb $ ./bin/initdb -U wslu -A trust --locale=C -D data/co1 # -U 使用者 -D 数据目录/节点 $ ./bin/initdb -U wslu -A trust --locale=C -D data/co2 $ ./bin/initdb -U wslu -A trust --locale=C -D data/dn1 $ ./bin/initdb -U wslu -A trust --locale=C -D data/dn2 $ ./bin/initdb -U wslu -A trust --locale=C -D data/dn3
编辑 data/co1/postgresql.conf:
# 默认值 gtm_port = 6666 # pgxc_node_name 不能重复 pgxc_node_name = co1
编辑 data/co2/postgresql.conf:
gtm_port = 6666 pgxc_node_name = co2
编辑 data/dn1/postgresql.conf:
gtm_port = 6666 pgxc_node_name = dn1
编辑 data/dn2/postgresql.conf:
gtm_port = 6666 pgxc_node_name = dn2
编辑 data/dn2/postgresql.conf:
gtm_port = 6666 pgxc_node_name = dn3
依次启动 gtm、datanode、coordinator:
# ./bin/gtm_ctl start -S gtm -D data/gtm -l data/gtm/gtm.log //启动gtm(由于切换为相对路径后找不到对应的文件夹,所以创建日志会失败) $ ./bin/gtm_ctl start -Z gtm -D data/gtm -l gtm.log //启动gtm # vim data/gtm/gtm.log # 使用日志查看gtm是否启动 $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -Z datanode -D data/dn1 -l data/dn1/postgresql.log -o "-p 24071" //启动datanode dn1, DN1_PORT=24071 根据需要自由设置 # vim data/dn1/postgresql.log # 同样使用日志查看是否启动 $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -Z datanode -D data/dn2 -l data/dn2/postgresql.log -o "-p 24072" //启动 dn2, DN2_PORT=24072 $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -Z datanode -D data/dn3 -l data/dn3/postgresql.log -o "-p 24073" //启动 dn3, DN3_PORT=24073 $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -Z coordinator -D data/co1 -l data/co1/postgresql.log -o "-p 24076" //启动 coordinator co1, CO1_PORT=24076 $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -Z coordinator -D data/co2 -l data/co2/postgresql.log -o "-p 24077" //启动 co2, CO2_PORT= 24077
指定动态库位置:
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/wslu/pgsql/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
配置集群节点:
# 进入co1创建节点,co1_port=24076 $ ./bin/psql -p 24076 postgres postgres CREATE NODE dn1 WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'datanode', PORT = 24071, id = 1, content = 1); //在协调器上注册节点,各端口号与上面一致 CREATE NODE dn2 WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'datanode', PORT = 24072, id = 2, content = 2); CREATE NODE dn3 WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'datanode', PORT = 24073, id = 3, content = 3); CREATE NODE co1 WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'coordinator', PORT = 24076, id = 4, content = 4); CREATE NODE co2 WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'coordinator', PORT = 24077, id = 5, content = 5); SELECT pgxc_pool_reload();
至此,集群配置完成。
$ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/co1 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/co2 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn1 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn2 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn3 -m immediate $ ./bin/gtm_ctl stop -Z gtm -D data/gtm $ rm -f data/gtm/register.node
$ ./bin/gtm_ctl start -Z gtm -D data/gtm -p ./bin -l data/gtm/gtm.log $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -l data/dn1/postgresql.log -Z datanode -D data/dn1 -o "-p 24071" $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -l data/dn2/postgresql.log -Z datanode -D data/dn2 -o "-p 24072" $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -l data/dn3/postgresql.log -Z datanode -D data/dn3 -o "-p 24073" $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -l data/co1/postgresql.log -Z coordinator -D data/co1 -o "-p 24076" $ ./bin/pg_ctl start -l data/co2/postgresql.log -Z coordinator -D data/co2 -o "-p 24077"
如需清除数据,请先停止服务器集群,然后清除数据存储目录:
$ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/co1 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/co2 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn1 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn2 -m immediate $ ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn3 -m immediate $ ./bin/gtm_ctl stop -Z gtm -D data/gtm $ rm -f data/gtm/register.node $ rm -rf data
将下面两行的注释去掉:
$ vi data/co1/pg_hba.conf host replication wslu 127.0.0.1/32 trust host replication wslu ::1/128 trust $ vi data/co2/pg_hba.conf host replication wslu 127.0.0.1/32 trust host replication wslu ::1/128 trust $ vi data/dn1/pg_hba.conf host replication wslu 127.0.0.1/32 trust host replication wslu ::1/128 trust $ vi data/dn2/pg_hba.conf host replication wslu 127.0.0.1/32 trust host replication wslu ::1/128 trust $ vi data/dn3/pg_hba.conf host replication wslu 127.0.0.1/32 trust host replication wslu ::1/128 trust
此处为了测试方便,将校验方式设为 trust;实际生产中要改为 md5,即根据账户密码验证。
添加以下内容:
$ vi data/co1/postgresql.conf listen_addresses = '*' log_line_prefix = '%t:%r:%u@%d:[%p]: ' #logging_collector = on port = 24076 wal_level = archive $ vi data/co2/postgresql.conf listen_addresses = '*' log_line_prefix = '%t:%r:%u@%d:[%p]: ' #logging_collector = on port = 24077 wal_level = archive $ vi data/dn1/postgresql.conf hot_standby = on #logging_collector = on listen_addresses = '*' log_line_prefix = '%t:%r:%u@%d:[%p]: ' wal_keep_segments = 10 wal_level = hot_standby max_wal_senders = 5 include_if_exists = 'synchronous_standby_names.conf' port = 24071 $ vi data/dn2/postgresql.conf hot_standby = on #logging_collector = on listen_addresses = '*' log_line_prefix = '%t:%r:%u@%d:[%p]: ' wal_keep_segments = 10 wal_level = hot_standby max_wal_senders = 5 include_if_exists = 'synchronous_standby_names.conf' port = 24072 $ vi data/dn3/postgresql.conf hot_standby = on #logging_collector = on listen_addresses = '*' log_line_prefix = '%t:%r:%u@%d:[%p]: ' wal_keep_segments = 10 wal_level = hot_standby max_wal_senders = 5 include_if_exists = 'synchronous_standby_names.conf' port = 24073
在数据库集群开启的前提下执行下列指令,以创建备 Datanode 目录:
$ pg_basebackup -D data/dn1s -Fp -Xs -v -P -h localhost -p 24071 -U wslu $ pg_basebackup -D data/dn2s -Fp -Xs -v -P -h localhost -p 24072 -U wslu $ pg_basebackup -D data/dn3s -Fp -Xs -v -P -h localhost -p 24073 -U wslu
$ vi dn1s/recovery.conf standby_mode = 'on' primary_conninfo = 'user=wslu host=localhost port=24071 sslmode=disable sslcompression=1' $ vi dn2s/recovery.conf standby_mode = 'on' primary_conninfo = 'user=wslu host=localhost port=24072 sslmode=disable sslcompression=1' $ vi dn3s/recovery.conf standby_mode = 'on' primary_conninfo = 'user=wslu host=localhost port=24073 sslmode=disable sslcompression=1'
vi data/dn1/synchronous_standby_names.conf synchronous_standby_names='*'
这里以 co1 为例,co2 也要执行同样操作( 对于支持热备的其他 pg 商用数据库,类型不是 datanode 而是 standby):
$ ./bin/psql -p 24076 postgres postgres //进入co1创建节点,co1_port=24076 CREATE NODE dn1s WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'datanode', PORT = 34071, id = 6, content = 1); //在协调器上注册节点,各端口号与上面一致 CREATE NODE dn2s WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'datanode', PORT = 34072, id = 7, content = 2); CREATE NODE dn3s WITH (HOST = 'localhost', type = 'datanode', PORT = 34073, id = 8, content = 3);
./bin/pg_ctl start -D data/dn1s -l data/dn1s/postgresql.log -o "-p 34071" ./bin/pg_ctl start -D data/dn2s -l data/dn2s/postgresql.log -o "-p 34072" ./bin/pg_ctl start -D data/dn3s -l data/dn3s/postgresql.log -o "-p 34073"
相应的,停止所有备 DN 节点服务的指令为:
./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn1s -m immediate ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn2s -m immediate ./bin/pg_ctl stop -D data/dn3s -m immediate
我并未实现成功,但参照其他 PostgreSQL 的分布式数据库,步骤如下:
kill -SIGUSR1 备DN进程号
指令给备 DN 的 postmaster 进程发送一个 SIGUSR1 信号。alter node dn1s with(promote);
的指令。也就是关闭 walsender 和 walreciever。
这就涉及到源码级别了,一般做两步:
OutSync
(别的数据库的做法)。SyncRepStandbyNames
设为 ""
。本教程关于配置备 DN 的描述只能对各个 DN 的数据做备份,并未成功实现某个 DN 挂掉了自动切换到备 DN。
另外,我并未在 Postgres-XC(现在 github 改名为了 Postgres-X2)源码的回归测试中看到如何在 pgxc_nodes 系统表创建备 DN 节点。
不过,GreenPlum(以 PostgreSQL 为基础开发的分布式数据库)有此功能,可做参考。
欢迎关注我的微信公众号【MySQL数据库技术】。
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