折叠原码
package com.pajk.bodhi.config; import org.apache.http.Header; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler; import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder; import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager; import org.apache.http.message.BasicHeader; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory; import org.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory; import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; @Configuration public class RestTemplateConfig { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestTemplateConfig. class ); @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate() { // 添加内容转换器,使用默认的内容转换器 RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(httpRequestFactory()); // 设置编码格式为UTF-8 List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converterList = restTemplate.getMessageConverters(); HttpMessageConverter<?> converterTarget = null ; for (HttpMessageConverter<?> item : converterList) { if (item.getClass() == StringHttpMessageConverter. class ) { converterTarget = item; break ; } } if (converterTarget != null ) { converterList.remove(converterTarget); } HttpMessageConverter<?> converter = new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8); converterList.add( 1 ,converter); LOGGER.info( "-----restTemplate-----初始化完成" ); return restTemplate; } @Bean public ClientHttpRequestFactory httpRequestFactory() { return new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory(httpClient()); } @Bean public HttpClient httpClient() { // 长连接保持30秒 PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager connectionManager = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager( 30 , TimeUnit.SECONDS); //设置整个连接池最大连接数 根据自己的场景决定 connectionManager.setMaxTotal( 500 ); //同路由的并发数,路由是对maxTotal的细分 connectionManager.setDefaultMaxPerRoute( 500 ); //requestConfig RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom() //服务器返回数据(response)的时间,超过该时间抛出read timeout .setSocketTimeout( 10000 ) //连接上服务器(握手成功)的时间,超出该时间抛出connect timeout .setConnectTimeout( 5000 ) //从连接池中获取连接的超时时间,超过该时间未拿到可用连接,会抛出org.apache.http.conn.ConnectionPoolTimeoutException: Timeout waiting for connection from pool .setConnectionRequestTimeout( 500 ) .build(); //headers List<Header> headers = new ArrayList<>(); headers.add( new BasicHeader( "User-Agent" , "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/31.0.1650.16 Safari/537.36" )); headers.add( new BasicHeader( "Accept-Encoding" , "gzip,deflate" )); headers.add( new BasicHeader( "Accept-Language" , "zh-CN" )); headers.add( new BasicHeader( "Connection" , "Keep-Alive" )); headers.add( new BasicHeader( "Content-type" , "application/json;charset=UTF-8" )); return HttpClientBuilder.create() .setDefaultRequestConfig(requestConfig) .setConnectionManager(connectionManager) .setDefaultHeaders(headers) // 保持长连接配置,需要在头添加Keep-Alive .setKeepAliveStrategy( new DefaultConnectionKeepAliveStrategy()) //重试次数,默认是3次,没有开启 .setRetryHandler( new DefaultHttpRequestRetryHandler( 2 , true )) .build(); } } |
Http 客户端 请求工具
JDK HttpURLConnection
Apache HttpClient
OkHttp
RestTemplate 是一个同步的 Web Http 客户端请求模板工具,Spring框架做的抽象。使用时需要指定使用以上哪一种Http 客户端 。(后期会被废弃)
WebClient (后期推荐使用) 非阻塞 反应式
HTTP协议状态码:
1xx :通知请求可以继续请求
2xx :请求成功
3xx :重定向 301 永久迁移 302 临时迁移
4xx :404 :访问url 不存在
5xx :500 服务端错误