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C#.NET Framework RSA 公钥加密 私钥解密 ver:20230609

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C#.NET Framework RSA 公钥加密 私钥解密 ver:20230609

 

环境说明:

.NET Framework 4.6 的控制台程序 。

 

.NET Framework 对于RSA的支持:

1. .NET Framework 内置只支持XML格式的私钥/公钥。如果要用PKCS1,PKCS8格式的,要用到三方库BouncyCastle。

2. .NET 中默认加密算法为“RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding” ,要和JAVA互通,JAVA 那边也得是 RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding 。

 

加密解析:

//假设私钥长度为1024, 1024/8-11=117。
//如果明文的长度小于117,直接全加密,然后转base64。(data.Length <= maxBlockSize)
//如果明文长度大于117,则每117分一段加密,写入到另一个Stream中,最后转base64。while (blockSize > 0)

 

如果要和其它语言互通,这个分段长度需要和其它语言约定好,不一是 私钥长度/8-11。

 

解密解析:

//假设私钥长度为1024, 1024/8 =128。
//如果明文的长度小于 128,直接全解密。(data.Length <= maxBlockSize)
//如果明文长度大于 128,则每 128 分一段解密,写入到另一个Stream中,最后 GetString。while (blockSize > 0)

 

用“支付宝开放平台开发助手”生成一组公私钥:

PKCS8私钥:

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

与之匹配的 PKCS1 私钥,用助手转换的:

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

与之匹配的公钥:

MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDM9As4OkFLUyEmtqVJJaHkAf0xKR3aq38q6FqSi1vQfy1hUjhh/Z8k5NaT2WnmnchGUOoGsvwtKVAHrS62qvWzAPy7sauvG/O7hu1l+3SsrRDtv/O6hqRjEbPex/hpZM1opdkDtiiuHB5wHFYnD7JouWme9lNAViRcj4bXfqnZqwIDAQAB

 

核心重点是拿到 .NET 的RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象。

 

nuget 中引用 Portable.BouncyCastle。

工具类:

RsaUtil 的作用: 将私钥(PKCS1,PKCS8)、公钥、私钥证书、公钥证书转为.NET RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象。

using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Security;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;

namespace CommonUtils
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 将私钥(PKCS1,PKCS8)、公钥、私钥证书、公钥证书转为.NET RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象
    /// </summary>
    public static class RsaUtil
    {
        #region 加载私钥


        /// <summary>
        /// 转换私钥字符串为RSACryptoServiceProvider
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyStr">私钥字符串</param>
        /// <param name="keyFormat">PKCS8,PKCS1</param>
        /// <param name="signType">RSA 私钥长度1024 ,RSA2 私钥长度2048</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static RSACryptoServiceProvider LoadPrivateKey(string privateKeyStr, string keyFormat)
        {
            string signType = "RSA";
            if (privateKeyStr.Length > 1024)
            {
                signType = "RSA2";
            }
            //PKCS8,PKCS1
            if (keyFormat == "PKCS1")
            {
                return LoadPrivateKeyPKCS1(privateKeyStr, signType);
            }
            else
            {
                return LoadPrivateKeyPKCS8(privateKeyStr);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// PKCS1 格式私钥转 RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strKey">pcsk1 私钥的文本内容</param>
        /// <param name="signType">RSA 私钥长度1024 ,RSA2 私钥长度2048 </param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static RSACryptoServiceProvider LoadPrivateKeyPKCS1(string privateKeyPemPkcs1, string signType)
        {
            try
            {
                privateKeyPemPkcs1 = privateKeyPemPkcs1.Replace("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Trim();
                privateKeyPemPkcs1 = privateKeyPemPkcs1.Replace("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("-----END PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Trim();

                byte[] data = null;
                //读取带

                data = Convert.FromBase64String(privateKeyPemPkcs1);


                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(data, signType);
                return rsa;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
            return null;
        }

        private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPrivateKey(byte[] privkey, string signType)
        {
            byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ;

            // --------- Set up stream to decode the asn.1 encoded RSA private key ------
            MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(privkey);
            BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);  //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading
            byte bt = 0;
            ushort twobytes = 0;
            int elems = 0;
            try
            {
                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)
                    binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte
                else if (twobytes == 0x8230)
                    binr.ReadInt16();    //advance 2 bytes
                else
                    return null;

                twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();
                if (twobytes != 0x0102) //version number
                    return null;
                bt = binr.ReadByte();
                if (bt != 0x00)
                    return null;


                //------ all private key components are Integer sequences ----
                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                MODULUS = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                E = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                D = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                P = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                Q = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                DP = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                DQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);

                elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);
                IQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);


                // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----
                CspParameters CspParameters = new CspParameters();
                CspParameters.Flags = CspProviderFlags.UseMachineKeyStore;

                int bitLen = 1024;
                if ("RSA2".Equals(signType))
                {
                    bitLen = 2048;
                }

                RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(bitLen, CspParameters);
                //RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();

                RSAParameters RSAparams = new RSAParameters();
                RSAparams.Modulus = MODULUS;
                RSAparams.Exponent = E;
                RSAparams.D = D;
                RSAparams.P = P;
                RSAparams.Q = Q;
                RSAparams.DP = DP;
                RSAparams.DQ = DQ;
                RSAparams.InverseQ = IQ;
                RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams);
                return RSA;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
                // return null;
            }
            finally
            {
                binr.Close();
            }
        }

        private static int GetIntegerSize(BinaryReader binr)
        {
            byte bt = 0;
            byte lowbyte = 0x00;
            byte highbyte = 0x00;
            int count = 0;
            bt = binr.ReadByte();
            if (bt != 0x02)        //expect integer
                return 0;
            bt = binr.ReadByte();

            if (bt == 0x81)
                count = binr.ReadByte();    // data size in next byte
            else
                if (bt == 0x82)
            {
                highbyte = binr.ReadByte(); // data size in next 2 bytes
                lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();
                byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };
                count = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);
            }
            else
            {
                count = bt;     // we already have the data size
            }

            while (binr.ReadByte() == 0x00)
            {    //remove high order zeros in data
                count -= 1;
            }
            binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current);        //last ReadByte wasn't a removed zero, so back up a byte
            return count;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// PKCS8 文本转RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyPemPkcs8"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static RSACryptoServiceProvider LoadPrivateKeyPKCS8(string privateKeyPemPkcs8)
        {

            try
            {
                //PKCS8是“BEGIN PRIVATE KEY”
                privateKeyPemPkcs8 = privateKeyPemPkcs8.Replace("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Trim();
                privateKeyPemPkcs8 = privateKeyPemPkcs8.Replace("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("-----END PRIVATE KEY-----", "").Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Trim();

                //pkcs8 文本先转为 .NET XML 私钥字符串
                string privateKeyXml = RSAPrivateKeyJava2DotNet(privateKeyPemPkcs8);

                RSACryptoServiceProvider publicRsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                publicRsa.FromXmlString(privateKeyXml);
                return publicRsa;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// PKCS8 私钥文本 转 .NET XML 私钥文本
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKeyPemPkcs8"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string RSAPrivateKeyJava2DotNet(string privateKeyPemPkcs8)
        {
            RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(privateKeyPemPkcs8));
            return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent><P>{2}</P><Q>{3}</Q><DP>{4}</DP><DQ>{5}</DQ><InverseQ>{6}</InverseQ><D>{7}</D></RSAKeyValue>",
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
            Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        }

        #endregion


        /// <summary>
        /// 加载公钥证书
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKeyCert">公钥证书文本内容</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static RSACryptoServiceProvider LoadPublicCert(string publicKeyCert)
        {

            publicKeyCert = publicKeyCert.Replace("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----", "").Replace("-----END CERTIFICATE-----", "").Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Trim();

            byte[] bytesCerContent = Convert.FromBase64String(publicKeyCert);
            X509Certificate2 x509 = new X509Certificate2(bytesCerContent);
            RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaPub = (RSACryptoServiceProvider)x509.PublicKey.Key;
            return rsaPub;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// pem 公钥文本 转  .NET RSACryptoServiceProvider。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKeyPem"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static RSACryptoServiceProvider LoadPublicKey(string publicKeyPem)
        {

            publicKeyPem = publicKeyPem.Replace("-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----", "").Replace("-----END PUBLIC KEY-----", "").Replace("\r", "").Replace("\n", "").Trim();

            //pem 公钥文本 转  .NET XML 公钥文本。
            string publicKeyXml = RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(publicKeyPem);

            RSACryptoServiceProvider publicRsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            publicRsa.FromXmlString(publicKeyXml);
            return publicRsa;


        }

        /// <summary>
        /// pem 公钥文本 转  .NET XML 公钥文本。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(string publicKey)
        {
            RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(publicKey));
            return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",
                Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        }


    }
}

 

RsaEncryptUtil 工具类:基于 RSACryptoServiceProvider 加密解密的轻度封装,标准的支持分段加密。

 

using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Crypto.Parameters;
using Org.BouncyCastle.Security;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

namespace CommonUtils
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 基于 RSACryptoServiceProvider 加密解密的轻度封装,标准的支持分段加密。
    /// </summary>
    public static class RsaEncryptUtil
    {

        #region 非标准的-私钥加密-公钥解密

        /// <summary>
        /// 私钥加密 .Net平台默认是使用公钥进行加密,私钥进行解密。私钥加密需要自己实现或者使用第三方dll
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="key">私钥,格式:PKCS8</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(String data, String key)
        {
            String priKey = key.Trim();
            String xmlPrivateKey = RSAPrivateKeyJava2DotNet(priKey);
            //加载私钥  
            RSACryptoServiceProvider privateRsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            privateRsa.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey);
            //转换密钥  
            AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair = DotNetUtilities.GetKeyPair(privateRsa);
            IBufferedCipher c = CipherUtilities.GetCipher("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");// 参数与Java中加密解密的参数一致       
            c.Init(true, keyPair.Private); //第一个参数为true表示加密,为false表示解密;第二个参数表示密钥 
            byte[] DataToEncrypt = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
            byte[] outBytes = c.DoFinal(DataToEncrypt);//加密  
            return outBytes;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 私钥加密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">明文</param>
        /// <param name="key">私钥</param>
        /// <param name="keyFormat">私钥格式:PKCS1,PKCS8</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(String data, String key, string keyFormat)
        {
            String priKey = key.Trim();

            //加载私钥  
            RSACryptoServiceProvider privateRsa = RsaUtil.LoadPrivateKey(key, keyFormat);

            //转换密钥  
            AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair = DotNetUtilities.GetKeyPair(privateRsa);
            IBufferedCipher c = CipherUtilities.GetCipher("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");// 参数与Java中加密解密的参数一致       
            c.Init(true, keyPair.Private); //第一个参数为true表示加密,为false表示解密;第二个参数表示密钥 
            byte[] DataToEncrypt = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);
            byte[] outBytes = c.DoFinal(DataToEncrypt);//加密  
            return outBytes;

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA私钥格式转换,java->.net
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="privateKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string RSAPrivateKeyJava2DotNet(string privateKey)
        {
            RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters privateKeyParam = (RsaPrivateCrtKeyParameters)PrivateKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(privateKey));

            return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent><P>{2}</P><Q>{3}</Q><DP>{4}</DP><DQ>{5}</DQ><InverseQ>{6}</InverseQ><D>{7}</D></RSAKeyValue>",
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.PublicExponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.P.ToByteArrayUnsigned()), Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Q.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DP.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.DQ.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.QInv.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(privateKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用公钥解密
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="key"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(String data, String key)
        {
            String pubKey = key.Trim();
            String xmlPublicKey = RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(pubKey);

            RSACryptoServiceProvider publicRsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
            publicRsa.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey);

            AsymmetricKeyParameter keyPair = DotNetUtilities.GetRsaPublicKey(publicRsa);
            //转换密钥  
            // AsymmetricCipherKeyPair keyPair = DotNetUtilities.GetRsaKeyPair(publicRsa);
            IBufferedCipher c = CipherUtilities.GetCipher("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");// 参数与Java中加密解密的参数一致       
            c.Init(false, keyPair); //第一个参数为true表示加密,为false表示解密;第二个参数表示密钥 
            byte[] DataToEncrypt = Convert.FromBase64String(data);
            byte[] outBytes = c.DoFinal(DataToEncrypt);//解密  
            return outBytes;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// RSA公钥格式转换,java->.net
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="publicKey"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static string RSAPublicKeyJava2DotNet(string publicKey)
        {
            RsaKeyParameters publicKeyParam = (RsaKeyParameters)PublicKeyFactory.CreateKey(Convert.FromBase64String(publicKey));
            return string.Format("<RSAKeyValue><Modulus>{0}</Modulus><Exponent>{1}</Exponent></RSAKeyValue>",
                Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Modulus.ToByteArrayUnsigned()),
                Convert.ToBase64String(publicKeyParam.Exponent.ToByteArrayUnsigned()));
        }

        #endregion


        #region 标准的-公钥加密-私钥解密

        /** 默认编码字符集 */
        private static string DEFAULT_CHARSET = "UTF-8";

        /// <summary>
        /// 公钥加密(超过 私钥长度 / 8 - 11,分段加密)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content">明文</param>
        /// <param name="charset">编码</param>
        /// <param name="publicKeyPem">公钥</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>
        public static string RSAEncrypt(string content, string charset, string publicKeyPem)
        {
            try
            {
                //假设私钥长度为1024, 1024/8-11=117。
                //如果明文的长度小于117,直接全加密,然后转base64。(data.Length <= maxBlockSize)
                //如果明文长度大于117,则每117分一段加密,写入到另一个Stream中,最后转base64。while (blockSize > 0)

                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = RsaUtil.LoadPublicKey(publicKeyPem);
                //string sPublicKeyPEM = File.ReadAllText(publicKeyPem);
                //RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = new RSACryptoServiceProvider();
                //rsa.PersistKeyInCsp = false;
                //RSACryptoServiceProviderExtension.LoadPublicKeyPEM(rsa, sPublicKeyPEM);
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(charset))
                {
                    charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET;
                }
                byte[] data = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(content);
                int maxBlockSize = rsa.KeySize / 8 - 11; //加密块最大长度限制
                if (data.Length <= maxBlockSize)
                {
                    byte[] cipherbytes = rsa.Encrypt(data, false);
                    return Convert.ToBase64String(cipherbytes);
                }
                MemoryStream plaiStream = new MemoryStream(data);
                MemoryStream crypStream = new MemoryStream();
                Byte[] buffer = new Byte[maxBlockSize];
                int blockSize = plaiStream.Read(buffer, 0, maxBlockSize);
                while (blockSize > 0)
                {
                    Byte[] toEncrypt = new Byte[blockSize];
                    Array.Copy(buffer, 0, toEncrypt, 0, blockSize);
                    Byte[] cryptograph = rsa.Encrypt(toEncrypt, false);
                    crypStream.Write(cryptograph, 0, cryptograph.Length);
                    blockSize = plaiStream.Read(buffer, 0, maxBlockSize);
                }

                return Convert.ToBase64String(crypStream.ToArray(), Base64FormattingOptions.None);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception("EncryptContent = " + content + ",charset = " + charset, ex);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 私钥解密(超过 私钥长度 / 8 - 11,分段加密)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="content">密文</param>
        /// <param name="charset">编码</param>
        /// <param name="privateKeyPem">私钥</param>
        /// <param name="keyFormat">私钥格式 PKCS1,PKCS8</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        /// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>
        public static string RSADecrypt(string content, string charset, string privateKeyPem, string keyFormat)
        {
            try
            {
                //假设私钥长度为1024, 1024/8 =128。
                //如果明文的长度小于 128,直接全解密。(data.Length <= maxBlockSize)
                //如果明文长度大于 128,则每 128 分一段解密,写入到另一个Stream中,最后 GetString。while (blockSize > 0)

                RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaCsp = RsaUtil.LoadPrivateKey(privateKeyPem, keyFormat);

                //RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaCsp = LoadCertificateFile(privateKeyPem, signType);
                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(charset))
                {
                    charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET;
                }
                byte[] data = Convert.FromBase64String(content);
                int maxBlockSize = rsaCsp.KeySize / 8; //解密块最大长度限制
                if (data.Length <= maxBlockSize)
                {
                    byte[] cipherbytes = rsaCsp.Decrypt(data, false);
                    return Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetString(cipherbytes);
                }
                MemoryStream crypStream = new MemoryStream(data);
                MemoryStream plaiStream = new MemoryStream();
                Byte[] buffer = new Byte[maxBlockSize];
                int blockSize = crypStream.Read(buffer, 0, maxBlockSize);
                while (blockSize > 0)
                {
                    Byte[] toDecrypt = new Byte[blockSize];
                    Array.Copy(buffer, 0, toDecrypt, 0, blockSize);
                    Byte[] cryptograph = rsaCsp.Decrypt(toDecrypt, false);
                    plaiStream.Write(cryptograph, 0, cryptograph.Length);
                    blockSize = crypStream.Read(buffer, 0, maxBlockSize);
                }

                return Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetString(plaiStream.ToArray());
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                throw new Exception("DecryptContent = " + content + ",charset = " + charset, ex);
            }
        }


        #endregion


    }
}

 

调用示例:

using CommonUtils;
using System;

namespace ConsoleNetFxRsaEncrypt
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try
            {
                //PKCS8格式私钥
                string strPriPkcs8 = "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";
                //PKCS1格式私钥
                string strPriPkcs1 = "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";
                //公钥
                string strPub = "MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDM9As4OkFLUyEmtqVJJaHkAf0xKR3aq38q6FqSi1vQfy1hUjhh/Z8k5NaT2WnmnchGUOoGsvwtKVAHrS62qvWzAPy7sauvG/O7hu1l+3SsrRDtv/O6hqRjEbPex/hpZM1opdkDtiiuHB5wHFYnD7JouWme9lNAViRcj4bXfqnZqwIDAQAB";

                string strDJM = "泰酷拉!123ABC";//待加密字符串
                strDJM = "泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC泰酷拉!123ABC";//待加密字符串,超过117字符的测试

                Console.WriteLine("待加密字符串:" + strDJM);
                string charSet = "UTF-8";
                string strJMH = RsaEncryptUtil.RSAEncrypt(strDJM, charSet, strPub);//密文
                Console.WriteLine("密文:" + strJMH);

                string strDecryptedByPkcs8 = RsaEncryptUtil.RSADecrypt(strJMH, charSet, strPriPkcs8, "PKCS8");//使用PKCS8格式私钥解密
                Console.WriteLine("PKCS8 解密后:" + strDecryptedByPkcs8);

                string strDecryptedByPkcs1 = RsaEncryptUtil.RSADecrypt(strJMH, charSet, strPriPkcs1, "PKCS1");//使用PKCS1格式私钥解密

                Console.WriteLine("PKCS1 解密后:" + strDecryptedByPkcs1);

            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ex:" + ex.Message);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("hello");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

 

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