T1. 移除字符串中的尾随零(Easy)
T2. 对角线上不同值的数量差(Easy)
T3. 使所有字符相等的最小成本(Medium)
T4. 矩阵中严格递增的单元格数(Hard)
https://leetcode.cn/problems/remove-trailing-zeros-from-a-string/
基于 StringBuilder:
class Solution { fun removeTrailingZeros(num : String): String { if (num.length == 1) return num val builder = StringBuilder(num) while (builder.last() == '0') { builder.deleteCharAt(builder.lastIndex) } return builder.toString() } }
基于正则表达式匹配:
class Solution { fun removeTrailingZeros(num : String): String { return num.replace(Regex("0*$"), "") } }
复杂度分析:
https://leetcode.cn/problems/difference-of-number-of-distinct-values-on-diagonals/
第一次扫描增加正权,第二次扫描增加负权:
class Solution { fun differenceOfDistinctValues(grid: Array<IntArray>): Array<IntArray> { // 两次扫描 val n = grid.size val m = grid[0].size val ret = Array(n) { IntArray(m) } for (row in 0 until n) { var i = row var j = 0 val set = HashSet<Int>() while (i < n && j < m) { ret[i][j] += set.size set.add(grid[i][j]) i++ j++ } } for (col in 1 until m) { var i = 0 var j = col val set = HashSet<Int>() while (i < n && j < m) { ret[i][j] = set.size set.add(grid[i][j]) i++ j++ } } for (row in 0 until n) { var i = row var j = m - 1 val set = HashSet<Int>() while (i >= 0 && j >= 0) { ret[i][j] = Math.abs(ret[i][j] - set.size) set.add(grid[i][j]) i-- j-- } } for (col in 0 until m - 1) { var i = n - 1 var j = col val set = HashSet<Int>() while (i >= 0 && j >= 0) { ret[i][j] = Math.abs(ret[i][j] - set.size) set.add(grid[i][j]) i-- j-- } } return ret } }
复杂度分析:
https://leetcode.cn/problems/minimum-cost-to-make-all-characters-equal/
从中间开始翻转,将不符合目标的字符向两端推,选择反转到 ‘1’ 和 ‘0’ 两个方案的最优解:
class Solution { private fun op(s:String, target:Char) :Long { val n = s.length var ret = 0L var flag = true for (i in n / 2 - 1 downTo 0) { if ((flag && s[i] != target) || (!flag && s[i] == target)) { ret += i + 1 flag = !flag } } flag = true for (i in n / 2 until n) { if ((flag && s[i] != target) || (!flag && s[i] == target)) { ret += n - i flag = !flag } } return ret } fun minimumCost(s: String): Long { return Math.min(op(s,'0'), op(s,'1')) } }
复杂度分析:
当相邻字符串不相等时,必然需要反转。如果接近左边往左边翻转的成本更低,同时,如果接近右边,往右边翻转的成本更低。
class Solution { fun minimumCost(s: String): Long { val n = s.length var ret = 0L for (i in 1 until n) { if (s[i - 1] != s[i]) { ret += Math.min(i, n - i) } } return ret } }
复杂度分析:
https://leetcode.cn/problems/maximum-strictly-increasing-cells-in-a-matrix/
从最大值开始逆向推导,但是最优路径不一定会经过最大值。
只有小的数字才能到大的数字,因此我们先将所有数字进行排序,对于每个数字储存其对应的所有位置。此时,每个位置的 LIS 最长序列长度只跟其排序前面的数字中位于同行和同列的数字有关,即前面数字且处于同行同列的最长路径 + 1。
class Solution { fun maxIncreasingCells(mat: Array<IntArray>): Int { val n = mat.size val m = mat[0].size var ret = 0 // 排序 val map = TreeMap<Int, MutableList<IntArray>>() for (i in 0 until n) { for (j in 0 until m) { map.getOrPut(mat[i][j]) { LinkedList<IntArray>() }.add(intArrayOf(i, j)) } } val rowMax = IntArray(n) val colMax = IntArray(m) // 枚举 for ((x, indexs) in map) { val mx = IntArray(indexs.size) // LIS for (i in indexs.indices) { mx[i] = Math.max(rowMax[indexs[i][0]], colMax[indexs[i][1]]) + 1 ret = Math.max(ret, mx[i]) } for (i in indexs.indices) { rowMax[indexs[i][0]] = Math.max(rowMax[indexs[i][0]], mx[i]) colMax[indexs[i][1]] = Math.max(colMax[indexs[i][1]], mx[i]) } } return ret } }
复杂度分析: