有时,在单个 Pod 中共享卷以供多方使用是很有用的。
volumeMounts.subPath
属性可用于指定所引用的卷内的子路径,而不是其根路径。
官方文档:https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/concepts/storage/volumes/#using-subpath
作为configmap/secret使用时,subPath代表configmap/secret的子路径。
【示例1】挂载目录,hostPath
apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: my-lamp-site spec: nodeName: local-168-182-110 # 为了测试方便,指定调度机器 containers: - name: mysql image: mysql env: - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD value: "rootpasswd" volumeMounts: - mountPath: /var/lib/mysql #挂载到容器的某个路径下 name: site-data #挂载设备的名字,与volumes[*].name 需要对应 subPath: mysql # volumes path中的子路径(会自动在volumes path目录下创建mysql空目录) - name: php image: php:7.0-apache volumeMounts: - mountPath: /var/www/html #挂载到容器的某个路径下 name: site-data # volumes path中的子路径(会自动在volumes path目录下创建site-data【空目录】) subPath: html volumes: - name: nginx #和上面保持一致 这是本地的文件路径,上面是容器内部的路径 hostPath: path: /opt/k8s/subPath/lamp #此路径需要实现创建
【示例2】挂载目录,pvc
# StorageClass kind: StorageClass apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: local-storage provisioner: kubernetes.io/no-provisioner volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer --- # pvc apiVersion: v1 kind: PersistentVolume metadata: name: local-lamp-pv labels: name: local-lamp-pv spec: capacity: storage: 1Gi accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain storageClassName: local-storage local: path: /opt/k8s/subPath/lamp-pvc nodeAffinity: required: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: kubernetes.io/hostname operator: In values: - local-168-182-110 --- # pvc kind: PersistentVolumeClaim apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: my-lamp-site-data spec: accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce resources: requests: storage: 1Gi storageClassName: local-storage selector: matchLabels: name: local-lamp-pv --- apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: my-lamp-site-pvc spec: containers: - name: mysql image: mysql env: - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD value: "rootpasswd" volumeMounts: - mountPath: /var/lib/mysql name: site-data subPath: mysql - name: php image: php:7.0-apache volumeMounts: - mountPath: /var/www/html name: site-data subPath: html volumes: - name: site-data persistentVolumeClaim: claimName: my-lamp-site-data
如果使用PVC模板就不用手动创建PVC了,示例如下:
volumeClaimTemplates: #可看作pvc的模板 - metadata: name: nginx-pvc spec: accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ] storageClassName: "local-storage" #存储类名,就是上面nginx-sc.yaml metadata.name resources: requests: storage: 1Gi
【示例3】共享单个文件
那么如果 subPath 不是文件夹,而是一个文件,又该如何解决呢?同样的道理,只需要通过 subPath 指定出该文件即可,注意 subPath 要使用相对目录。具体如下所示:
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: deployment-test spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx-pod template: metadata: labels: app: nginx-pod spec: nodeName: local-168-182-110 # 为了测试方便,指定调度机器 containers: - name: nginx image: docker.io/library/nginx:latest volumeMounts: - mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf name: nginx-conf subPath: nginx-conf volumes: - name: nginx-conf #和上面保持一致 这是本地的文件路径,上面是容器内部的路径 hostPath: path: /opt/k8s/subPath/nginx #此路径需要实现创建
【结论】以宿主机上的文件为准,会覆盖pod里原先默认的的文件内容。
作为configmap/secret使用时,subPath代表
configmap/secret
的子路径。如果不使用subPath
会把容器里原本的文件(volumeMounts.mountPath
对应的目录)都清空,自会把ConfigMap 和 Secret 的文件放在volumeMounts.mountPath
对应的目录下。
【示例1】ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: nginx-conf data: nginx.conf: |+ worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } } } --- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: deployment-test2 spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx-pod template: metadata: labels: app: nginx-pod spec: nodeName: local-168-182-110 # 为了测试方便,指定调度机器 containers: - name: nginx image: docker.io/library/nginx:latest volumeMounts: - name: nginx-cm # 与volumes.name一致 mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf subPath: nginx.conf volumes: - name: nginx-cm configMap: name: nginx-conf # configMap名称
【示例1】Secret
apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: mysecret type: Opaque data: username: admin password: MWYyZDFlMmU2N2Rm --- vim myapp-demo.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: mysql-demo namespace: default spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: myapp template: metadata: labels: app: myapp spec: containers: - name: myapp image: mysql imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent ports: - name: http containerPort: 80 volumeMounts: - name: mysql mountPath: /tmp/data subPath: data volumes: - name: mysql secret: secretName: mysecret
【结论】会在/tmp目录下面存放data文件信息,如果存在则覆盖。如果不存在,则自动创建。
最后对volumeMounts.subPath
来一个总结:
关于volumeMounts.subPath
的用法就先到这里了,有疑问的小伙伴,欢迎给我留言哦,后续文章更精彩,请小伙伴耐心等待哦~