Old English col "not warm" (but usually not as severe as cold), "moderately cold, neither warm nor very cold," also, figuratively, of persons, "unperturbed, undemonstrative, not excited or heated by passions,"

• A figurative word or phrase is used in a different way from its usual meaning, to give you a particular idea or picture in your mind. →literal
• perturb: make someone very worried; disturb
• demonstrative: willing to show that you care about someone

Attested in a figurative sense from early 14c. as "manifesting coldness, apathy, or dislike." Applied since 1728 to large sums of money to give emphasis to amount.

• The car cost a cool two million. 这辆汽车足足两百万元。

Meaning "calmly audacious" is from 1825.

• attest: show or prove that something is true
• manifest: 1. show a feeling, attitude etc; 2. obvious, patent; 货单, 乘客名单
• patent: 1. 清楚的; 明显的; 2. 有专利的; 3. 专利; 4. 取得专利
• apathy [from a- 'without' + pathos 'feeling'] a-是个词根
• audacious: 大胆的; 鲁莽的

Slang use of cool for "fashionable" is by 1933, originally African-American vernacular; its modern use as a general term of approval is from the late 1940s, probably via bop talk and originally in reference to a style of jazz; the word is said to have been popularized in jazz circles by tenor saxophonist Lester Young (1909-1959). Cool-headed "not easily excited or confused" is from 1742.

• Slang consists of words, expressions, and meanings that are informal and are used by people who know each other very well or who have the same interests. An informal style of writing or speaking is suitable for ordinary conversations or letters to friends →jargon, lingo.
• The vernacular is the language or dialect that is most widely spoken by ordinary people in a region or country. [Origin: vernaculus 'born in a place', from verna 'slave born in his or her owner's house']
• vulgar [Origin: vulgaris, from volgus, vulgus 'common people']
• vogue [Origin: 'act of rowing, course, fashion', from Old Italian voga, from vogare 'to row'] fashion
• bop 博普舞 →hop
• tenor: 男高音; 音域相当于次中音的乐器。The four main voices are typically labelled as soprano (or treble and countertenor), alto (contralto, countertenor or mezzo), tenor, and bass.

Someone or something that is stylish is smart, elegant, and fashionable.

Smart people and things are pleasantly neat and clean in appearance.

If you describe someone as a smart arse, you dislike the fact that they think they are very clever and like to show everyone this. (INFORMAL, RUDE) The spellings smartarse in British English and smartass or smart-ass in American English are also used.

• If you give people the impression you're a smarty-pants, that's no good for sure. --Al Gore
• Choosing books for picky friends can be humbling. There's always one smarty-pants who has read not only the gift book but everything else in the author's oeuvre [Language: French; Origin: 'work']. --Marilyn Stasio
• Even the smartest of smarty-pants couldn't have answered all four of those "gotcha" foreign-policy questions. --Jonathan Alter
• You're never too cool to learn something new. Sign up for our Word of the Day daily newsletter! --merriam-webster.com

六级/考研单词: moderate, excite, literal, disturb, manifest, dislike, million, patent, probable, jazz, confuse, converse, jargon, dialect, slave, vulgar, vogue, hop, bass, elegant, neat, rude, humble, author