PlatformTransactionManager 接口是 spring 的事务管理器,它里面提供了我们常用的操作事务的方法。
方法 | 说明 |
---|---|
TransactionStatus getTransaction(TransactionDefination defination) | 获取事务的状态信息 |
void commit(TransactionStatus status) | 提交事务 |
void rollback(TransactionStatus status) | 回滚事务 |
注意:
PlatformTransactionManager 是接口类型,不同的 Dao 层技术则有不同的实现类,例如:Dao 层技术是jdbc 或 mybatis 时:org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager Dao 层技术是 hibernate 时:org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager
TransactionDefinition 是事务的定义信息对象,里面有如下方法:
方法 | 说明 |
---|---|
int getIsolationLevel() | 获取事务的隔离级别 |
int getPropogationBehavior() | 获得事务的传播行为 |
int getTimeout() | 获得超时时间 |
boolean isReadOnly() | 是否只读 |
设置隔离级别,可以解决事务并发产生的问题,如脏读、不可重复读和虚读。
超时时间:默认值是-1,没有超时限制。如果有,以秒为单位进行设置
是否只读:建议查询时设置为只读
TransactionStatus 接口提供的是事务具体的运行状态,方法介绍如下:
方法 | 说明 |
---|---|
boolean hasSavepoint() | 是否存储回滚点 |
boolean isCompleted() | 事务是否完成 |
boolean isNewTransaction() | 是否是新事务 |
boolean isRollbackOnly() | 事务是否回滚 |
Spring 的声明式事务顾名思义就是采用声明的方式来处理事务。这里所说的声明,就是指在配置文件中声明 ,用在 Spring 配置文件中声明式的处理事务来代替代码式的处理事务。
注意:Spring 声明式事务控制底层就是AOP
声明式事务控制明确事项:
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.example</groupId> <artifactId>study_spring_tx</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.47</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <!--加载jdbc.properties--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--配置数据源对象--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <bean id="accountDao" class="org.example.dao.impl.AccountDaoImpl"> <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property> </bean> <!--配置平台事务管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--目标对象 内部的方法就是切点--> <bean id="accountService" class="org.example.service.impl.AccountServiceImpl"> <property name="accountDao" ref="accountDao"></property> </bean> <!--通知 事务的增强--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="*"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!--配置事务的aop织入--> <aop:config> <!--提取切点--> <aop:pointcut id="myPointcut" expression="execution(* org.example.service.impl.*.*(..))"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="myPointcut"></aop:advisor> </aop:config> </beans>
进行转账测试,最后查看数据库中两个账号金额变化情况,在事务配置成功的情况下,金额不变
package org.example.service.impl; import org.example.dao.AccountDao; import org.example.service.AccountService; public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { private AccountDao accountDao; public void setAccountDao(AccountDao accountDao) { this.accountDao = accountDao; } public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money) { accountDao.out(outMan,money); int i = 1/0; accountDao.in(inMan,money); } }
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="org.example"></context:component-scan> <!--加载jdbc.properties--> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> <!--配置数据源对象--> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> </bean> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--配置平台事务管理器--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> </bean> <!--事物的注解驱动--> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> </beans>
进行转账测试,最后查看数据库中两个账号金额变化情况,在事务配置成功的情况下,金额不变
package org.example.service.impl; import org.example.dao.AccountDao; import org.example.service.AccountService; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; @Service("accountService") public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService { @Autowired private AccountDao accountDao; @Transactional() public void transfer(String outMan, String inMan, double money) { accountDao.out(outMan,money); int i = 1/0; accountDao.in(inMan,money); } }