Linux教程
Linux之错误解决Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot prepare interna
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[[email protected] ~]# docker pull centos Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/centos a1d0c7532777: Pull complete Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177 Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest docker.io/library/centos:latest
一次学习时，在docker里用下面命令直接下载最新的centos时
[[email protected] home]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 8.4.2105
需要下载vim时,弹出下面错误
[[email protected] home]# yum install vim Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 5.4 B/s | 38 B 00:07 Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Cannot prepare internal mirrorlist: No URLs in mirrorlist
问题分析：
第一种可能的情况便是网络连接问题
检查是否可以连接外部网络，可以使用 ping baidu.com 查看是否有丢包情况。
如果丢包，则进一步检查网络连接是否正常；如果没有丢包，继续阅读下文
[[email protected] home]# ping baidu.com PING baidu.com (110.242.68.66) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=1 ttl=48 time=64.4 ms 64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=2 ttl=48 time=69.1 ms 64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=3 ttl=48 time=186 ms 64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=4 ttl=48 time=119 ms 64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=5 ttl=48 time=117 ms 64 bytes from 110.242.68.66 (110.242.68.66): icmp_seq=6 ttl=48 time=143 ms ^C --- baidu.com ping statistics --- 6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 8036ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 64.381/125.352/186.111/42.685 ms
那么第二种情况，便是 CentOS 已经停止维护的问题。2020 年 12 月 8 号，CentOS 官方宣布了停止维护 CentOS Linux 的计划，并推出了 CentOS Stream 项目，CentOS Linux 8 作为 RHEL 8 的复刻版本，生命周期缩短，于 2021 年 12 月 31 日停止更新并停止维护（EOL），更多的信息可以查看 CentOS 官方公告。如果需要更新 CentOS，需要将镜像从 mirror.centos.org 更改为 vault.centos.org
解决方法
1.进入到 yum 的 repos 目录
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
2.修改 centos 文件内容
sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-*
3.生成缓存更新（第一次更新，速度稍微有点慢，耐心等待两分钟左右）
yum makecache
4.运行 yum update 并重新安装 vim
yum update -y yum -y install vim
操作过程及结果如下：
点击查看代码
[[email protected] home]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/ [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/mirrorlist/#mirrorlist/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's|#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org|baseurl=http://vault.centos.org|g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-* [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 ^CCentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 322 kB/s | 2.6 MB 00:08 Error: Failed to download metadata for repo 'appstream': Librepo was interrupted by a signal [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum makecache Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 633 kB/s | 8.4 MB 00:13 CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS 864 kB/s | 4.6 MB 00:05 CentOS Linux 8 - Extras 1.4 kB/s | 10 kB 00:07 Metadata cache created. [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum update -y Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8 Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:50 ago on Fri Aug 12 15:34:23 2022. Dependencies resolved. =============================================================================== Package Arch Version Repo Size =============================================================================== Upgrading: bash x86_64 4.4.20-2.el8 baseos 1.5 M bind-export-libs x86_64 32:9.11.26-6.el8 baseos 1.1 M binutils x86_64 2.30-108.el8_5.1 baseos 5.8 M ca-certificates noarch 2021.2.50-80.0.el8_4 baseos 390 k centos-gpg-keys noarch 1:8-3.el8 baseos 12 k centos-linux-release noarch 8.5-1.2111.el8 baseos 22 k ... rpm-plugin-systemd-inhibit x86_64 4.14.3-19.el8 baseos 78 k shared-mime-info x86_64 1.9-3.el8 baseos 329 k trousers x86_64 0.3.15-1.el8 baseos 152 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================== Install 35 Packages Upgrade 104 Packages Total download size: 77 M Downloading Packages: (1/139): python3-unbound-1.7.3-17.el8.x86_64.r 118 kB/s | 119 kB 00:01 (2/139): unbound-libs-1.7.3-17.el8.x86_64.rpm 350 kB/s | 503 kB 00:01 (3/139): libxkbcommon-0.9.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 78 kB/s | 116 kB 00:01 (4/139): crypto-policies-scripts-20210617-1.gi 270 kB/s | 83 kB 00:00 (5/139): diffutils-3.6-6.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.1 MB/s | 358 kB 00:00 (6/139): elfutils-debuginfod-client-0.185-1.el 273 kB/s | 66 kB 00:00 ... (137/139): yum-4.7.0-4.el8.noarch.rpm 404 kB/s | 205 kB 00:00 (138/139): util-linux-2.32.1-28.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.4 MB/s | 2.5 MB 00:01 (139/139): python3-libs-3.6.8-41.el8.x86_64.rp 1.0 MB/s | 7.8 MB 00:07 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 2.6 MB/s | 77 MB 00:29 warning: /var/cache/dnf/appstream-d7987f026ef99c82/packages/libxkbcommon-0.9.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8483c65d: NOKEY CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB 00:00 Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D: Userid : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <[email protected]>" Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial Key imported successfully Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Running scriptlet: filesystem-3.8-6.el8.x86_64 1/1 Preparing : 1/1 Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64 1/1 Upgrading : libgcc-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64 1/243 Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.5.0-4.el8_5.x86_64 1/243 Upgrading : python3-pip-wheel-9.0.3-20.el8.noarch 2/243 ... Cleanup : tzdata-2021a-1.el8.noarch 241/243 Cleanup : ncurses-base-6.1-7.20180224.el8.noarch 242/243 Cleanup : libgcc-8.4.1-1.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.4.1-1.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: filesystem-3.8-6.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: ca-certificates-2021.2.50-80.0.el8_4.noarch 243/243 Running scriptlet: crypto-policies-scripts-20210617-1.gitc776d3e.e 243/243 Running scriptlet: libgcc-8.4.1-1.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: glibc-common-2.28-164.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: glib2-2.56.4-156.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: shared-mime-info-1.9-3.el8.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: systemd-239-51.el8_5.2.x86_64 243/243 Running scriptlet: systemd-udev-239-51.el8_5.2.x86_64 243/243 Verifying : libxkbcommon-0.9.1-1.el8.x86_64 1/243 Verifying : python3-unbound-1.7.3-17.el8.x86_64 2/243 Verifying : unbound-libs-1.7.3-17.el8.x86_64 3/243 Verifying : xkeyboard-config-2.28-1.el8.noarch 4/243 Verifying : crypto-policies-scripts-20210617-1.gitc776d3e.e 5/243 Verifying : diffutils-3.6-6.el8.x86_64 6/243 ... Verifying : vim-minimal-2:8.0.1763-15.el8.x86_64 241/243 Verifying : yum-4.7.0-4.el8.noarch 242/243 Verifying : yum-4.4.2-11.el8.noarch 243/243 Upgraded: bash-4.4.20-2.el8.x86_64 bind-export-libs-32:9.11.26-6.el8.x86_64 binutils-2.30-108.el8_5.1.x86_64 ca-certificates-2021.2.50-80.0.el8_4.noarch centos-gpg-keys-1:8-3.el8.noarch centos-linux-release-8.5-1.2111.el8.noarch ... util-linux-2.32.1-28.el8.x86_64 vim-minimal-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 yum-4.7.0-4.el8.noarch Installed: crypto-policies-scripts-20210617-1.gitc776d3e.el8.noarch diffutils-3.6-6.el8.x86_64 elfutils-debuginfod-client-0.185-1.el8.x86_64 file-5.33-20.el8.x86_64 gettext-0.19.8.1-17.el8.x86_64 gettext-libs-0.19.8.1-17.el8.x86_64 ... unbound-libs-1.7.3-17.el8.x86_64 which-2.21-16.el8.x86_64 xkeyboard-config-2.28-1.el8.noarch Complete! [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install vim Last metadata expiration check: 0:02:25 ago on Fri 12 Aug 2022 03:34:23 PM UTC. Dependencies resolved. =============================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================== Installing: vim-enhanced x86_64 2:8.0.1763-16.el8 appstream 1.4 M Installing dependencies: gpm-libs x86_64 1.20.7-17.el8 appstream 39 k vim-common x86_64 2:8.0.1763-16.el8 appstream 6.3 M vim-filesystem noarch 2:8.0.1763-16.el8 appstream 49 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================== Install 4 Packages Total download size: 7.8 M Installed size: 30 M Downloading Packages: (1/4): gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64.rpm 24 kB/s | 39 kB 00:01 (2/4): vim-filesystem-8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch.r 111 kB/s | 49 kB 00:00 (3/4): vim-common-8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64.rpm 1.2 MB/s | 6.3 MB 00:05 (4/4): vim-enhanced-8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64.rpm 232 kB/s | 1.4 MB 00:06 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 1.3 MB/s | 7.8 MB 00:06 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Installing : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch 1/4 Installing : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 2/4 Installing : gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64 3/4 Running scriptlet: gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64 3/4 Installing : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 4/4 Running scriptlet: vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 4/4 Running scriptlet: vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch 4/4 Installed: gpm-libs-1.20.7-17.el8.x86_64 vim-common-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 vim-enhanced-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.x86_64 vim-filesystem-2:8.0.1763-16.el8.noarch Complete! [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cd /home [[email protected] home]# vim test.txt [[email protected] home]#
Linux之错误解决Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
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