1.环境准备
k8s集群角色 | IP | 主机名 | 安装的组件 |
控制节点 | 192.168.1.10 | master |
apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler、etcd、docker、keepalived、nginx |
控制节点 | 192.168.1.11 | pod1 |
apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler、etcd、docker、keepalived、nginx |
控制节点 | 192.168.1.12 | pod2 |
apiserver、controller-manager、scheduler、etcd、docker |
工作节点 | 192.168.1.13 | pod3 | kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、calico、coredns |
VIP | 192.168.1.15 |
# 请参照下面链接中《环境准备》+ 《docker安装》 https://www.cnblogs.com/yangmeichong/p/16452316.html
2.安装etcd集群
etcd完整的cluster(集群)至少有三台,这样才能选举出一个master (主节点)其他两个就是node(次节点)。 如果小于 3 台则无法进行选举,造成集群 不可用。 之前Etcd用的是4000和4001端口,后来由IANA分配了现在的2379和2380端口。 2379端口:提供HTTP API服务,和etcdctl交互; 2380端口:集群中节点间通讯; etcd 下载地址 https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd
etcd 证书生成
# 1.新建etcd工作目录以及证书放置目录 mkdir -p /etc/etcd/ssl # 2.安装证书签发工具 # 下载地址:https://github.com/cloudflare/cfssl/releases mkdir /data/work ls /data/work cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl_linux-amd64 chmod +x cfssl* [root@master work]# mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl [root@master work]# mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson [root@master work]# mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
# 3.配置ca证书 # 生成ca证书请求文件 vi ca-csr.json { "CN": "kubernetes", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" } ], "ca": { "expiry": "87600h" } } 注: CN:Common Name(公用名称),kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求的用户名 (User Name);浏览器使用该字段验证网站是否合法;对于 SSL 证书,一般为网站域名;而对于代码签名证书则为申请单位名称;而对于客户端证书则为证书申请者的姓名。 O:Organization(单位名称),kube-apiserver 从证书中提取该字段作为请求用户所属的组 (Group);对于 SSL 证书,一般为网站域名;而对于代码签名证书则为申请单位名称;而对于客户端单位证书则为证书申请者所在单位名称。 L 字段:所在城市 S 字段:所在省份 C 字段:只能是国家字母缩写,如中国:CN [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca 2022/07/10 15:12:43 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR 2022/07/10 15:12:43 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 15:12:43 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 15:12:43 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 15:12:43 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 15:12:43 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 628696394082749825063249671341784246777273100991 # 生产ca证书文件 [root@master work]# vim ca-config.json { "signing": { "default": { "expiry": "87600h" }, "profiles": { "kubernetes": { "usages": [ "signing", "key encipherment", "server auth", "client auth" ], "expiry": "87600h" } } } }
# 4. 生产etcd证书 # 配置etcd证书请求 [root@master work]# vim etcd-csr.json { "CN": "etcd", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.1.10", "192.168.1.11", "192.168.1.12", "192.168.1.13", "192.168.1.14", "192.168.1.15" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [{ "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" }] } #上述文件hosts字段中IP为所有etcd节点的集群内部通信IP,可以预留几个,做扩容用。 [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd 2022/07/10 15:18:08 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 15:18:08 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 15:18:08 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 15:18:08 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 15:18:08 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 227515911248504786630719202052138859162460197103 2022/07/10 15:18:08 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements"). [root@master work]# ls etcd*.pem etcd-key.pem etcd.pem
部署与配置etcd集群
# 5.解压etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz cd /data/work tar xf etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz cp etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcd /usr/local/bin cp etcd-v3.4.13-linux-amd64/etcdctl /usr/local/bin # 配置环境变量,因为etcd默认使用V2版本,我们需要V3版本的API echo "export ETCDCTL_API=3" >> /etc/profile source /etc/profile [root@master work]# etcdctl version etcdctl version: 3.4.13 API version: 3.4 # 创建etcd配置文件,需要确认用户对数据目录etcd有读写权限,否则服务可能无法正确启动 vi etcd.conf
#[Member] ETCD_NAME="etcd1" ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd" ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2380" ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379" #[Clustering] ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2380" ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.1.10:2379" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd1=https://192.168.1.10:2380,etcd2=https://192.168.1.11:2380,etcd3=https://192.168.1.12:2380" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster" ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
#注: ETCD_NAME:节点名称,集群中唯一 ETCD_DATA_DIR:数据目录 ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS:集群通信监听地址 ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS:客户端访问监听地址 ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS:集群通告地址 ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS:客户端通告地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER:集群节点地址 ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN:集群Token ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE:加入集群的当前状态,new是新集群,existing表示加入已有集群 # ************红色字体是pod1和pod2需要修改的****************
# 创建服务启动配置文件
vi etcd.service [Unit] Description=Etcd Server After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=notify EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/ # 没有就手动建立 ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/etcd \ --cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --peer-client-cert-auth \ --client-cert-auth Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
mkdir /var/lib/etcd # 将证书和配置文件放置到对应目录 cd /data/work cp ca*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/ cp etcd*.pem /etc/etcd/ssl/ cp etcd.conf /etc/etcd/ cp etcd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ # 将证书和配置文件传送到pod1和pod2对应目录 scp ca*pem pod1:/etc/etcd/ssl/ scp etcd*pem pod1:/etc/etcd/ssl/ scp etcd.conf pod1:/etc/etcd/ssl/ scp etcd.service pod1:/usr/lib/systemd/system # 修改pod1和pod2中etcd.conf配置文件 # 加载配置,启动etcd集群 systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable etcd systemctl start etcd 启动etcd的时候,先启动master的etcd服务,会一直卡住在启动的状态,然后接着再启动pod1和pod2的etcd,这样pod1这个节点etcd才会正常起来
# 查看etcd集群 [root@master work]# etcdctl --write-out=table --cacert=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem --key=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem --endpoints=https://192.168.1.10:2379,https://192.168.1.11:2379,https://192.168.1.12:2379 endpoint health +---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+ | ENDPOINT | HEALTH | TOOK | ERROR | +---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+ | https://192.168.1.12:2379 | true | 13.94803ms | | | https://192.168.1.10:2379 | true | 16.519268ms | | | https://192.168.1.11:2379 | true | 16.009991ms | | +---------------------------+--------+-------------+-------+
3.安装kubernetes
# 1.部署kubernetes组件 # kubernetes下载地址 https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/releases/download/ https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG # 本次安装版本为 https://storage.googleapis.com/kubernetes-release/release/v1.23.8/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz # 解压并进入目录,将文件放置对应目录,并传送至pod1和pod2节点 [root@master bin]# pwd /data/work/kubernetes/server/bin [root@master bin]# cp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl /usr/local/bin/ [root@master bin]# scp kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl pod1:/usr/local/bin/ kube-apiserver 100% 113MB 112.7MB/s 00:01 kube-controller-manager 100% 108MB 107.4MB/s 00:01 kube-scheduler 100% 42MB 98.8MB/s 00:00 kubectl # 传送至客户端节点 [root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy pod3:/usr/local/bin/ kubelet 100% 109MB 92.3MB/s 00:01 kube-proxy # 创建kubenetes目录
[root@master bin]# mkdir /etc/kubernetes/ssl -p
[root@master bin]# mkdir /var/log/kubernetes
# 2.部署apiserver组件 # 启动TLS Bootstrapping 机制 Master apiserver启用TLS认证后,每个节点的 kubelet 组件都要使用由 apiserver 使用的 CA 签发的有效证书才能与 apiserver 通讯,当Node节点很多时,这种客户端证书颁发需要大量工作,同样也会增加集群扩展复杂度。 为了简化流程,Kubernetes引入了TLS bootstraping机制来自动颁发客户端证书,kubelet会以一个低权限用户自动向apiserver申请证书,kubelet的证书由apiserver动态签署。 Bootstrap 是很多系统中都存在的程序,比如 Linux 的bootstrap,bootstrap 一般都是作为预先配置在开启或者系统启动的时候加载,这可以用来生成一个指定环境。Kubernetes 的 kubelet 在启动时同样可以加载一个这样的配置文件,这个文件的内容类似如下形式: apiVersion: v1 clusters: null contexts: - context: cluster: kubernetes user: kubelet-bootstrap name: default current-context: default kind: Config preferences: {} users: - name: kubelet-bootstrap user: {} # TLS bootstrapping 具体引导过程 1.TLS 作用 TLS 的作用就是对通讯加密,防止中间人窃听;同时如果证书不信任的话根本就无法与 apiserver 建立连接,更不用提有没有权限向apiserver请求指定内容。 2. RBAC 作用 当 TLS 解决了通讯问题后,那么权限问题就应由 RBAC 解决(可以使用其他权限模型,如 ABAC);RBAC 中规定了一个用户或者用户组(subject)具有请求哪些 api 的权限;在配合 TLS 加密的时候,实际上 apiserver 读取客户端证书的 CN 字段作为用户名,读取 O字段作为用户组 以上说明:第一,想要与 apiserver 通讯就必须采用由 apiserver CA 签发的证书,这样才能形成信任关系,建立 TLS 连接;第二,可以通过证书的 CN、O 字段来提供 RBAC 所需的用户与用户组
# kubelet 首次启动流程 TLS bootstrapping 功能是让 kubelet 组件去 apiserver 申请证书,然后用于连接 apiserver;那么第一次启动时没有证书如何连接 apiserver ? 在apiserver 配置中指定了一个 token.csv 文件,该文件中是一个预设的用户配置;同时该用户的Token 和 由apiserver 的 CA签发的用户被写入了 kubelet 所使用的 bootstrap.kubeconfig 配置文件中;这样在首次请求时,kubelet 使用 bootstrap.kubeconfig 中被 apiserver CA 签发证书时信任的用户来与 apiserver 建立 TLS 通讯, 使用 bootstrap.kubeconfig 中的用户 Token 来向 apiserver 声明自己的 RBAC 授权身份. token.csv格式: cfe700f04bd1488443a3b38f0cd1c42c,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap" 首次启动时,可能与遇到 kubelet 报 401 无权访问 apiserver 的错误;这是因为在默认情况下,kubelet 通过 bootstrap.kubeconfig 中的预设用户 Token 声明了自己的身份,然后创建 CSR 请求;但是不要忘记这个用户在我们不处理的情况下他没任何权限的,包括创建 CSR 请求;所以需要创建一个 ClusterRoleBinding ,将预设用户 kubelet-bootstrap 与内置的 ClusterRole system:node-bootstrapper 绑定到一起,使其能够发起 CSR 请求。稍后安装kubelet的时候演示。
# 操作流程 # 证书生成 # 创建token.csv cd /data/work [root@master bin]# cat > token.csv << EOF > $(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '),kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap" > EOF #格式:token,用户名,UID,用户组 #创建csr请求文件,替换为自己机器的IP vim kube-apiserver-csr.json { "CN": "kubernetes", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.1.10", "192.168.1.11", "192.168.1.12", "192.168.1.13", "192.168.1.14", "192.168.1.15", "10.255.0.1", "kubernetes", "kubernetes.default", "kubernetes.default.svc", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster", "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" } ] } #注: 如果 hosts 字段不为空则需要指定授权使用该证书的 IP 或域名列表。 由于该证书后续被 kubernetes master 集群使用,需要将master节点的IP都填上,同时还需要填写 service 网络的首个IP。(一般是 kube-apiserver 指定的 service-cluster-ip-range 网段的第一个IP,如 10.255.0.1) # 生成证书 [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-apiserver-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-apiserver 2022/07/10 20:29:58 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 20:29:58 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 20:29:58 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 20:29:58 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 20:29:58 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 523873677850792673385021808174041241620971761047 2022/07/10 20:29:58 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
# 2.创建api-server配置文件,标红的地方是需要在pod1和pod2进行修改 vim kube-apiserver.conf
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,NodeRestriction,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota \ --anonymous-auth=false \ --bind-address=192.168.1.10 \ --secure-port=6443 \ --advertise-address=192.168.1.10 \ --insecure-port=0 \ --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \ --runtime-config=api/all=true \ --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \ --token-auth-file=/etc/kubernetes/token.csv \ --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \ --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \ --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \ --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver.pem \ --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-apiserver-key.pem \ --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local \ --etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \ --etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem \ --etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem \ --etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.10:2379,https://192.168.1.11:2379,https://192.168.1.12:2379 \ --enable-swagger-ui=true \ --allow-privileged=true \ --apiserver-count=3 \ --audit-log-maxage=30 \ --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \ --audit-log-maxsize=100 \ --audit-log-path=/var/log/kube-apiserver-audit.log \ --event-ttl=1h \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=4"
#注: --logtostderr:启用日志 --v:日志等级 --log-dir:日志目录 --etcd-servers:etcd集群地址 --bind-address:监听地址 --secure-port:https安全端口 --advertise-address:集群通告地址 --allow-privileged:启用授权 --service-cluster-ip-range:Service虚拟IP地址段 --enable-admission-plugins:准入控制模块 --authorization-mode:认证授权,启用RBAC授权和节点自管理 --enable-bootstrap-token-auth:启用TLS bootstrap机制
# 3.kube-apiserver服务启动文件
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=etcd.service Wants=etcd.service [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-apiserver.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 Type=notify LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 拷贝证书至对应目录 cd /data/work cp ca*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl cp kube-apiserver*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ cp token.csv /etc/kubernetes/ cp kube-apiserver.conf /etc/kubernetes/ cp kube-apiserver.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ # 将证书和配置文件传送至pod1和pod2 cd /data/work scp ca*.pem kube-apiserver*.pem pod1:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ scp ca*.pem kube-apiserver*.pem pod2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ scp token.csv kube-apiserver.conf pod1:/etc/kubernetes/ scp token.csv kube-apiserver.conf pod2:/etc/kubernetes/ scp kube-apiserver.service pod1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ scp kube-apiserver.service pod2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ # 修改pod1和pod2中kube-apiserver.conf中对应IP,之前master上有标红 # 启动kube-apiserver systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kube-apiserver systemctl start kube-apiserver && systemctl status kube-apiserver
[root@master work]# curl --insecure https://192.168.1.10:6443
{
"kind": "Status",
"apiVersion": "v1",
"metadata": {
},
"status": "Failure",
"message": "Unauthorized",
"reason": "Unauthorized",
"code": 401
上面看到401,这个是正常的的状态,还没认证
4.部署kubectl组件
Kubectl是客户端工具,操作k8s资源的,如增删改查等。 Kubectl操作资源的时候,怎么知道连接到哪个集群,需要一个文件/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf,kubectl会根据这个文件的配置,去访问k8s资源。/etc/kubernetes/admin.con文件记录了访问的k8s集群,和用到的证书。 可以设置一个环境变量KUBECONFIG,等文件生成后再运行 export KUBECONFIG =/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf 这样在操作kubectl,就会自动加载KUBECONFIG来操作要管理哪个集群的k8s资源了 也可以按照下面方法,这个是在kubeadm初始化k8s的时候会告诉我们要用的一个方法 cp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/config 这样我们在执行kubectl,就会加载/root/.kube/config文件,去操作k8s资源了 如果设置了KUBECONFIG,那就会先找到KUBECONFIG去操作k8s,如果没有KUBECONFIG变量,那就会使用/root/.kube/config文件决定管理哪个k8s集群的资源
# 1.创建csr请求文件 cd /data/work/ vi admin-csr.json { "CN": "admin", "hosts": [], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "system:masters", "OU": "system" } ] } #说明: 后续 kube-apiserver 使用 RBAC 对客户端(如 kubelet、kube-proxy、Pod)请求进行授权; kube-apiserver 预定义了一些 RBAC 使用的 RoleBindings,如 cluster-admin 将 Group system:masters 与 Role cluster-admin 绑定,该 Role 授予了调用kube-apiserver 的所有 API的权限; O指定该证书的 Group 为 system:masters, kubelet 使用该证书访问 kube-apiserver 时 ,由于证书被 CA 签名,所以认证通过,同时由于证书用户组为经过预授权的 system:masters,所以被授予访问所有 API 的权限; 注: 这个admin 证书,是将来生成管理员用的kube config 配置文件用的,现在我们一般建议使用RBAC 来对kubernetes 进行角色权限控制, kubernetes 将证书中的CN 字段 作为User, O 字段作为 Group; "O": "system:masters", 必须是system:masters,否则后面kubectl create clusterrolebinding报错。 #证书O配置为system:masters 在集群内部cluster-admin的clusterrolebinding将system:masters组和cluster-admin clusterrole绑定在一起 # 2.生产证书 [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin 2022/07/10 21:08:49 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 21:08:49 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 21:08:49 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 21:08:49 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 21:08:49 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 88098665765798087612352830297492503562078686184 2022/07/10 21:08:49 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements"). [root@master work]# cp admin*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/
""" # 3.配置安全上下文 #创建kubeconfig配置文件,比较重要 kubeconfig 为 kubectl 的配置文件,包含访问 apiserver 的所有信息,如 apiserver 地址、CA 证书和自身使用的证书(这里如果报错找不到kubeconfig路径,请手动复制到相应路径下,没有则忽略 """ # (1)设置集群参数
[root@master work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.10:6443 --kubeconfig=kube.config
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
# 查看kube.config内容
[root@master work]# cat kube.config apiVersion: v1 clusters: - cluster: certificate-authority-data: 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 server: https://192.168.1.10:6443 name: kubernetes contexts: null current-context: "" kind: Config preferences: {} users: null
# (2)设置客户端认证参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-credentials admin --client-certificate=admin.pem --client-key=admin-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube.config User "admin" set. # (3)设置上下文参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-context kubernetes --cluster=kubernetes --user=admin --kubeconfig=kube.config Context "kubernetes" created. # (4)设置当前上下文 [root@master work]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes --kubeconfig=kube.config Switched to context "kubernetes". [root@master work]# mkdir ~/.kube -p [root@master work]# cp kube.config ~/.kube/config # (5)授权kubernetes证书访问kubelet api权限 [root@master work]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis --clusterrole=system:kubelet-api-admin --user kubernetes clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:kubelet-apis created # 查看集群组件状态 [root@master work]# kubectl cluster-info Kubernetes control plane is running at https://192.168.1.10:6443 To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'. [root@master work]# kubectl get componentstatuses Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+ NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR scheduler Unhealthy Get "http://127.0.0.1:10251/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10251: connect: connection refused controller-manager Unhealthy Get "http://127.0.0.1:10252/healthz": dial tcp 127.0.0.1:10252: connect: connection refused etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"} etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"} [root@master work]# kubectl get all --all-namespaces NAMESPACE NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE default service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.255.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 31m
同步kubectl至其它节点
pod1和pod2上创建目录
mkdir /root/.kube scp /root/.kube/config pod1:/root/.kube/ scp /root/.kube/config pod2:/root/.kube/
# (6) 配置kubectl子命令补全 [root@master work]# yum install -y bash-completion [root@master work]# source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion [root@master work]# source <(kubectl completion bash) [root@master work]# kubectl completion bash > ~/.kube/completion.bash.inc [root@master work]# source '/root/.kube/completion.bash.inc' [root@master work]# source $HOME/.bash_profile # Kubectl官方备忘单:上面命令注释 https://kubernetes.io/zh/docs/reference/kubectl/cheatsheet/
5.部署kube-controller-manager组件
# 1.创建csr请求文件 cd /data/work vim kube-controller-manager-csr.json { "CN": "system:kube-controller-manager", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.1.10", "192.168.1.11", "192.168.1.12", "192.168.1.13", "192.168.1.14", "192.168.1.15" ], "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "system:kube-controller-manager", "OU": "system" } ] } """ 注: hosts 列表包含所有 kube-controller-manager 节点 IP; CN 为 system:kube-controller-manager、O 为 system:kube-controller-manager,kubernetes 内置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-controller-manager 赋予 kube-controller-manager 工作所需的权限 """ # 2.生产证书 [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-controller-manager-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-controller-manager 2022/07/10 21:38:42 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 21:38:42 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 21:38:42 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 21:38:42 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 21:38:42 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 675321238561007709437266157570831191194629611394 2022/07/10 21:38:42 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements"). # 3.创建kube-controller-manager的kubeconfig # (1)设置集群参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.10:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig Cluster "kubernetes" set. # (2)设置客户端认证参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-controller-manager --client-certificate=kube-controller-manager.pem --client-key=kube-controller-manager-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig User "system:kube-controller-manager" set. # (3)设置上下文参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-controller-manager --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig Context "system:kube-controller-manager" created. # (4)设置当前上下文 [root@master work]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-controller-manager --kubeconfig=kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig Switched to context "system:kube-controller-manager".
创建配置文件kube-controller-manager.conf
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--port=0 \ --secure-port=10252 \ --bind-address=127.0.0.1 \ --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig \ --service-cluster-ip-range=10.255.0.0/16 \ --cluster-name=kubernetes \ --cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --allocate-node-cidrs=true \ --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/16 \ --experimental-cluster-signing-duration=87600h \ --root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \ --service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \ --leader-elect=true \ --feature-gates=RotateKubeletServerCertificate=true \ --controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner \ --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-use-rest-clients=true \ --horizontal-pod-autoscaler-sync-period=10s \ --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager.pem \ --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/ssl/kube-controller-manager-key.pem \ --use-service-account-credentials=true \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2"
创建启动文件kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-controller-manager.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 将证书和配置文件发送给集群中pod1和pod2 [root@master work]# cp kube-controller-manager*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master work]# cp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master work]# cp kube-controller-manager.conf /etc/kubernetes/ [root@master work]# cp kube-controller-manager.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ ##### [root@master work]# scp kube-controller-manager*.pem pod1:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master work]# scp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf pod1:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master work]# scp kube-controller-manager.service pod1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ [root@master work]# scp kube-controller-manager*.pem pod2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master work]# scp kube-controller-manager.kubeconfig kube-controller-manager.conf pod2:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master work]# scp kube-controller-manager.service pod2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ # 启动kube-controller-manager systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kube-controller-manager systemctl start kube-controller-manager && systemctl status kube-controller-manager
6. 部署kube-scheduler组件
# 1.创建csr请求 cd /data/work vim kube-scheduler-csr.json { "CN": "system:kube-scheduler", "hosts": [ "127.0.0.1", "192.168.1.10", "192.168.1.11", "192.168.1.12", "192.168.1.13", "192.168.1.14", "192.168.1.15" ], "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "system:kube-scheduler", "OU": "system" } ] } 注: hosts 列表包含所有 kube-scheduler 节点 IP; CN 为 system:kube-scheduler、O 为system:kube-scheduler,kubernetes 内置的 ClusterRoleBindings system:kube-scheduler 将赋予 kube-scheduler 工作所需的权限。 # 2.生成证书 [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-scheduler-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-scheduler 2022/07/10 22:03:24 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 22:03:24 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 22:03:24 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 22:03:24 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 22:03:24 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 486581197126687822926502649719259456556134909029 2022/07/10 22:03:24 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements"). #3.创建kube-scheduler的kubeconfig # (1)设置集群参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.10:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig Cluster "kubernetes" set. # (2) 设置客户端认证参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-credentials system:kube-scheduler --client-certificate=kube-scheduler.pem --client-key=kube-scheduler-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig User "system:kube-scheduler" set. # (3)设置上下文参数 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-context system:kube-scheduler --cluster=kubernetes --user=system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig Context "system:kube-scheduler" created. # (4)设置当前上下文 [root@master work]# kubectl config use-context system:kube-scheduler --kubeconfig=kube-scheduler.kubeconfig Switched to context "system:kube-scheduler".
创建配置文件kube-scheduler.conf
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--address=127.0.0.1 \ --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.kubeconfig \ --leader-elect=true \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2"
创建服务启动文件 kube-scheduler.service
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes [Service] EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kube-scheduler.conf ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 将配置文件放置对应目录,并传到集群pod1和pod2中对应目录 cd /data/work cp kube-scheduler*.pem /etc/kubernetes/ssl/ cp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig /etc/kubernetes/ cp kube-scheduler.conf /etc/kubernetes/ cp kube-scheduler.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/ #### scp kube-scheduler*.pem pod1:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ scp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf pod1:/etc/kubernetes/ scp kube-scheduler.service pod1:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ scp kube-scheduler*.pem pod2:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ scp kube-scheduler.kubeconfig kube-scheduler.conf pod2:/etc/kubernetes/ scp kube-scheduler.service pod2:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ # 集群上启动kube-scheduler systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kube-scheduler systemctl start kube-scheduler && systemctl status kube-scheduler
7.部署kubelet组件
# 1.获取coredns镜像并在pod3上导入部署 https://github.com/coredns/coredns https://github.com/coredns/coredns/releases [root@pod3 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE k8s.gcr.io/coredns 1.7.0 bfe3a36ebd25 2 years ago 45.2MB k8s.gcr.io/pause 3.2 80d28bedfe5d 2 years ago 683kB # 2.部署kubelet组件 """ kubelet: 每个Node节点上的kubelet定期就会调用API Server的REST接口报告自身状态,API Server接收这些信息后,将节点状态信息更新到etcd中。kubelet也通过API Server监听Pod信息,从而对Node机器上的POD进行管理,如创建、删除、更新Pod """ # 在master节点上 # 创建kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig空文件 vim kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master work]# BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(awk -F "," '{print $1}' /etc/kubernetes/token.csv) [root@master work]# rm -r kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@master work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.10:6443 --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig Cluster "kubernetes" set. [root@master work]# kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap --token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig User "kubelet-bootstrap" set. [root@master work]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kubelet-bootstrap --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig Context "default" created. [root@master work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig Switched to context "default". [root@master work]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created
# 3.创建配置文件kubelet.json # "cgroupDriver": "systemd"要和docker的驱动一致。 # address替换为自己xianchaonode1的IP地址。 vim kubelet.json { "kind": "KubeletConfiguration", "apiVersion": "kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1", "authentication": { "x509": { "clientCAFile": "/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem" }, "webhook": { "enabled": true, "cacheTTL": "2m0s" }, "anonymous": { "enabled": false } }, "authorization": { "mode": "Webhook", "webhook": { "cacheAuthorizedTTL": "5m0s", "cacheUnauthorizedTTL": "30s" } }, "address": "192.168.1.13", "port": 10250, "readOnlyPort": 10255, "cgroupDriver": "systemd", "hairpinMode": "promiscuous-bridge", "serializeImagePulls": false, "featureGates": { "RotateKubeletClientCertificate": true, "RotateKubeletServerCertificate": true }, "clusterDomain": "cluster.local.", "clusterDNS": ["10.255.0.2"] }
创建kubelet服务启动文件kubelet.service
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=docker.service Requires=docker.service mkdir /var/lib/kubelet [Service] WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kubelet \ --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig \ --cert-dir=/etc/kubernetes/ssl \ --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig \ --config=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json \ --network-plugin=cni \ --pod-infra-container-image=k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2 \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2 Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target #注: –network-plugin:启用CNI –kubeconfig:空路径,会自动生成,后面用于连接apiserver –bootstrap-kubeconfig:首次启动向apiserver申请证书 –config:配置参数文件 –cert-dir:kubelet证书生成目录 –pod-infra-container-image:管理Pod网络容器的镜像 #注:kubelete.json配置文件address改为各个节点的ip地址,在各个work节点上启动服务
# 仅仅在节点pod3上执行 # 将配置文件放置对应目录,并传到集群pod1和pod2中对应目录 mkdir /var/lib/kubelet mkdir /etc/kubernetes/ssl -p [root@master work]# scp kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig kubelet.json pod3:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master work]# scp ca.pem pod3:/etc/kubernetes/ssl/ [root@master work]# scp kubelet.service pod3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ # 启动kubelet服务 [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable kubelet [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl start kubelet [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl status kubelet
# 执行如下命令可以看到一个worker节点发送了一个 CSR 请求: [root@master work]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-tSArThPV4W2Qq08-gZth6m1zto2sjr0FYL4ZjfQMLkM 105s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Pending [root@master work]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-tSArThPV4W2Qq08-gZth6m1zto2sjr0FYL4ZjfQMLkM certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-tSArThPV4W2Qq08-gZth6m1zto2sjr0FYL4ZjfQMLkM approved [root@master work]# kubectl get csr NAME AGE SIGNERNAME REQUESTOR CONDITION node-csr-tSArThPV4W2Qq08-gZth6m1zto2sjr0FYL4ZjfQMLkM 2m33s kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued [root@master work]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION pod3 NotReady <none> 26s v1.20.7 #注意:STATUS是NotReady表示还没有安装网络插件
8.部署kube-proxy组件
# 1.创建csr请求 { "CN": "system:kube-proxy", "key": { "algo": "rsa", "size": 2048 }, "names": [ { "C": "CN", "ST": "Hubei", "L": "HS", "O": "k8s", "OU": "system" } ] } # 2.生成证书 [root@master work]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy 2022/07/10 22:53:00 [INFO] generate received request 2022/07/10 22:53:00 [INFO] received CSR 2022/07/10 22:53:00 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048 2022/07/10 22:53:00 [INFO] encoded CSR 2022/07/10 22:53:00 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 402854729073937195389473073454524367769134014004 2022/07/10 22:53:00 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org); specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements"). #3.创建kube-proxy的kubeconfig文件 [root@master work]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes --certificate-authority=ca.pem --embed-certs=true --server=https://192.168.1.10:6443 --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig Cluster "kubernetes" set. [root@master work]# kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy --client-certificate=kube-proxy.pem --client-key=kube-proxy-key.pem --embed-certs=true --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig User "kube-proxy" set. [root@master work]# kubectl config set-context default --cluster=kubernetes --user=kube-proxy --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig Context "default" created. [root@master work]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig Switched to context "default".
#创建kube-proxy配置文件kube-proxy.yaml apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1 bindAddress: 192.168.1.13 clientConnection: kubeconfig: /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig clusterCIDR: 192.168.1.0/24 healthzBindAddress: 192.168.1.13:10256 kind: KubeProxyConfiguration metricsBindAddress: 192.168.1.13:10249 mode: "ipvs"
创建kube-proxy服务启动文件kube-proxy.service
[Unit] Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-proxy \ --config=/etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml \ --alsologtostderr=true \ --logtostderr=false \ --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes \ --v=2 Restart=on-failure RestartSec=5 LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target
# 将配置文件传到pod3节点上 [root@master work]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig kube-proxy.yaml pod3:/etc/kubernetes/ [root@master work]# scp kube-proxy.service pod3:/usr/lib/systemd/system/ # pod3节点启动kube-proxy服务 [root@pod3 ~]# mkdir -p /var/lib/kube-proxy [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl start kube-proxy [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy
9.部署calico组件
# calico组件github地址以及下载地址 https://github.com/projectcalico/calico https://github.com/projectcalico/calico/releases # 1.导入calico镜像 [root@pod3 ~]# docker load -i calico.tar.gz [root@pod3 ~]# docker images | grep calico calico/pod2daemon-flexvol v3.18.0 2a22066e9588 16 months ago 21.7MB calico/node v3.18.0 5a7c4970fbc2 16 months ago 172MB calico/cni v3.18.0 727de170e4ce 16 months ago 131MB calico/kube-controllers v3.18.0 9a154323fbf7 16 months ago 53.4MB # 2.calico配置文件calico.yml # 在master节点上执行 [root@master work]# kubectl apply -f calico.yaml configmap/calico-config created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgpconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/bgppeers.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/blockaffinities.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/clusterinformations.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/felixconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/globalnetworkpolicies.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/globalnetworksets.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/hostendpoints.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamblocks.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamconfigs.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ipamhandles.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/ippools.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/kubecontrollersconfigurations.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/networkpolicies.crd.projectcalico.org created customresourcedefinition.apiextensions.k8s.io/networksets.crd.projectcalico.org created clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-kube-controllers created clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-node created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/calico-node created daemonset.apps/calico-node created serviceaccount/calico-node created deployment.apps/calico-kube-controllers created serviceaccount/calico-kube-controllers created poddisruptionbudget.policy/calico-kube-controllers created # 查看节点 [root@master work]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES calico-kube-controllers-6949477b58-286cq 1/1 Running 0 47s 172.16.181.129 pod3 <none> <none> calico-node-8wbnr 1/1 Running 0 47s 192.168.1.13 pod3 <none> <none> [root@master work]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION pod3 Ready <none> 26m v1.20.7
10.部署coredns组件
# master上执行 [root@master work]# kubectl apply -f coredns.yaml serviceaccount/coredns created clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/system:coredns created configmap/coredns created deployment.apps/coredns created service/kube-dns created [root@master work]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE calico-kube-controllers-6949477b58-286cq 1/1 Running 0 10m calico-node-8wbnr 1/1 Running 0 10m coredns-7bf4bd64bd-jjt7b 1/1 Running 0 35s [root@pod3 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE calico/pod2daemon-flexvol v3.18.0 2a22066e9588 16 months ago 21.7MB calico/node v3.18.0 5a7c4970fbc2 16 months ago 172MB calico/cni v3.18.0 727de170e4ce 16 months ago 131MB calico/kube-controllers v3.18.0 9a154323fbf7 16 months ago 53.4MB coredns/coredns 1.7.0 bfe3a36ebd25 2 years ago 45.2MB k8s.gcr.io/coredns 1.7.0 bfe3a36ebd25 2 years ago 45.2MB k8s.gcr.io/pause 3.2 80d28bedfe5d 2 years ago 683kB # 查看集群状态 [root@master work]# kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION pod3 Ready <none> 37m v1.20.7
10.测试k8s集群部署tomcat服务
# 在pod3节点导入镜像tomcat和busybox [root@pod3 ~]# docker load -i tomcat.tar.gz [root@pod3 ~]# docker load -i busybox-1-28.tar.gz # 在master上运行tomcat.yaml apiVersion: v1 #pod属于k8s核心组v1 kind: Pod #创建的是一个Pod资源 metadata: #元数据 name: demo-pod #pod名字 namespace: default #pod所属的名称空间 labels: app: myapp #pod具有的标签 env: dev #pod具有的标签 spec: containers: #定义一个容器,容器是对象列表,下面可以有多个name - name: tomcat-pod-java #容器的名字 ports: - containerPort: 8080 image: tomcat:8.5-jre8-alpine #容器使用的镜像 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent - name: busybox image: busybox:latest command: #command是一个列表,定义的时候下面的参数加横线 - "/bin/sh" - "-c" - "sleep 3600" [root@master work]# kubectl apply -f tomcat.yaml pod/demo-pod created [root@master work]# kubectl get pods NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE demo-pod 2/2 Running 0 39s # 运行tomcat-service.yaml启动tomcat apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: name: tomcat spec: type: NodePort ports: - port: 8080 nodePort: 30080 selector: app: myapp env: dev [root@master work]# kubectl apply -f tomcat-service.yaml service/tomcat created [root@master work]# kubectl get svc NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE kubernetes ClusterIP 10.255.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 163m tomcat NodePort 10.255.205.41 <none> 8080:30080/TCP 28s
在浏览器访问xianchaonode1节点的192.168.1.13:30080即可请求到浏览器
11.验证coredns是否正常
[root@master work]# kubectl run busybox --image busybox:1.28 --restart=Never --rm -it busybox -- sh If you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter. / # ping www.baidu.com PING www.baidu.com (182.61.200.6): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 182.61.200.6: seq=0 ttl=127 time=26.914 ms 64 bytes from 182.61.200.6: seq=1 ttl=127 time=26.936 ms ^C --- www.baidu.com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 26.914/26.925/26.936 ms / # nslookup kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local Server: 10.255.0.2 Address 1: 10.255.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local Name: kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local Address 1: 10.255.0.1 kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local / # nslookup tomcat.default.svc.cluster.local Server: 10.255.0.2 Address 1: 10.255.0.2 kube-dns.kube-system.svc.cluster.local Name: tomcat.default.svc.cluster.local Address 1: 10.255.205.41 tomcat.default.svc.cluster.local #注意: busybox要用指定的1.28版本,不能用最新版本,最新版本,nslookup会解析不到dns和ip,报错如下: / # nslookup kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local Server: 10.255.0.2 Address: 10.255.0.2:53 *** Can't find kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local: No answer *** Can't find kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local: No answer 10.255.0.2 就是我们coreDNS的clusterIP,说明coreDNS配置好了。 解析内部Service的名称,是通过coreDNS去解析的。
12.安装keepalived+nginx实现k8s apiserver高可用
# 在master、pod1、pod2上安装 yum install nginx keepalived -y # 配置nginx(nginx.conf 3个是一样的)
user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /run/nginx.pid; include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf; events { worker_connections 1024; } # 四层负载均衡,为两台Master apiserver组件提供负载均衡 stream { log_format main '$remote_addr $upstream_addr - [$time_local] $status $upstream_bytes_sent'; access_log /var/log/nginx/k8s-access.log main; upstream k8s-apiserver { server 192.168.1.10:6443; # xianchaomaster1 APISERVER IP:PORT server 192.168.1.11:6443; # xianchaomaster2 APISERVER IP:PORT server 192.168.1.12:6443; # xianchaomaster3 APISERVER IP:PORT } server { listen 16443; # 由于nginx与master节点复用,这个监听端口不能是6443,否则会冲突 proxy_pass k8s-apiserver; } } http { log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 65; types_hash_max_size 2048; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server { listen 80 default_server; server_name _; location / { } } }nginx.conf
# 配置keepalived.conf
global_defs { notification_email { acassen@firewall.loc failover@firewall.loc sysadmin@firewall.loc } notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id NGINX_MASTER } vrrp_script check_nginx { script "/etc/keepalived/check_nginx.sh" } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state MASTER # pod1为BACKUP1,pod2为BACKUP2 interface ens33 # 修改为实际网卡名 virtual_router_id 51 # VRRP 路由 ID实例,每个实例是唯一的,pod1为52,pod2为53 priority 100 # 优先级,备服务器设置 90和80 advert_int 1 # 指定VRRP 心跳包通告间隔时间,默认1秒 authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } # 虚拟IP virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.15/24 } track_script { check_nginx } }keepalived.conf
[root@master keepalived]# cat check_nginx.sh #!/bin/bash count=$(ps -ef |grep nginx | grep sbin | egrep -cv "grep|$$") if [ "$count" -eq 0 ];then systemctl stop keepalived fi chmod +x check_nginx.shcheck_nginx.sh
# 启动nginx、keepalived服务 systemctl start nginx && systemctl enable nginx && systemctl status nginx systemctl start keepalived && systemctl enable keepalived && systemctl status keepalived # 测试IP是否会漂移 # 将master上nginx关闭后会发现,VIP会漂移到pod1上,重启master上nginx和keepalived,VIP会重新漂移到master上
目前所有的Worker Node组件连接都还是master Node,如果不改为连接VIP走负载均衡器,那么Master还是单点故障。 因此接下来就是要改所有Worker Node(kubectl get node命令查看到的节点)组件配置文件,由原来192.168.1.10修改为192.168.1.15(VIP)。 在所有Node节点执行: [root@pod3 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.1.10:6443#192.168.1.15:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kubelet-bootstrap.kubeconfig [root@pod3 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.1.10:6443#192.168.1.15:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.json [root@pod3 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.1.10:6443#192.168.1.15:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.kubeconfig [root@pod3 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.1.10:6443#192.168.1.15:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.yaml [root@pod3 ~]# sed -i 's#192.168.1.10:6443#192.168.1.15:16443#' /etc/kubernetes/kube-proxy.kubeconfig [root@pod3 ~]# systemctl restart kubelet kube-proxy