Java教程

课程模块之-课程分类群查、课程群查接口

本文主要是介绍课程模块之-课程分类群查、课程群查接口，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

一、课程分类群查接口

路由层

course/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path, include
from . import views
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter
router = SimpleRouter()
router.register('categories',views.CourseCategoryView,'categories')


urlpatterns = [
    path('', include(router.urls)),
]

视图类

course/views.py

from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin
from . import models
from . import serializer

# 课程分类群查接口
class CourseCategoryView(GenericViewSet,ListModelMixin):
    queryset = models.CourseCategory.objects.filter(
        is_delete=False,is_show=True).order_by('orders').all()
    serializer_class = serializer.CourseCategorySerializer

序列化类

course/serializer.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models


class CourseCategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.CourseCategory
        fields = ['id','name']

二、课程群查接口

路由层

course/urls.py

from django.urls import path, re_path, include
from . import views
from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter

router = SimpleRouter()
router.register('categories', views.CourseCategoryView, 'categories')
router.register('free', views.CouresView, 'free')
urlpatterns = [
    path('', include(router.urls)),
]

视图类

course/views.py

# 课程群查接口
from rest_framework.viewsets import GenericViewSet
from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin
from .num_pagenation import PageNumberPagination
from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter,SearchFilter
from . import models
from . import serializer


class CoursesView(GenericViewSet,ListModelMixin):
    queryset = models.Course.objects.filter(
        is_delete=False, is_show=True).order_by('orders').all()
    serializer_class = serializer.CoursesModelSerializer
    # 分页
    pagination_class = PageNumberPagination
    filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend,OrderingFilter,SearchFilter]
    ordering_fields = ['id','price','students']
    # 通过关键字筛选
    search_fields = ['id','name','brief']
    filter_fields = ['course_category','students']

序列化器

course/serializer.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from . import models


class CourseCategorySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.CourseCategory
        fields = ['id','name']


# 写一个teacher的序列化器作为课程序列化器的子序列化器
class TeacherSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Teacher
        fields = ['id','name','role_name','signature','image','brief']


class CoursesModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # 通过子序列化的方式 获取teacher字段的详情数据
    teacher = TeacherSerializer()
    class Meta:
        model = models.Course
        fields = [
            'id',
            'name',
            'course_img',
            'brief',
            'attachment_path',
            'pub_sections',
            'price',
            'students',
            'period',
            'sections',
            'course_type_name',
            'level_name',
            'status_name',
            'teacher',
            'section_list',
        ]

模型类

course/models.py

# course/models.py

class Course(BaseModel):
    ...
    @property
    def course_type_name(self):
        return self.get_course_type_display()
    @property
    def level_name(self):
        return self.get_level_display()
    @property
    def status_name(self):
        return self.get_status_display()

    @property
    def section_list(self):
        ll=[]
        # 根据课程取出所有章节（正向查询，字段名.all()）
        course_chapter_list=self.coursechapters.all()
        for course_chapter in course_chapter_list:
            # 通过章节对象，取到章节下所有的课时（反向查询）
            # course_chapter.表名小写_set.all() 现在变成了course_chapter.coursesections.all()
            course_sections_list=course_chapter.coursesections.all()
            for course_section in course_sections_list:
                ll.append({
                    'name': course_section.name,
                    'section_link': course_section.section_link,
                    'duration': course_section.duration,
                    'free_trail': course_section.free_trail,
                })
                if len(ll)>=4:
                    return ll

        return ll


    
class Teacher(BaseModel):
    ...
    def role_name(self):
        # 返回角色的中文
        return self.get_role_display()

模型类详细

course/models.py详细列表

from django.db import models

from utils.models import BaseModel

# 分类表
class CourseCategory(BaseModel):
    """分类"""
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, unique=True, verbose_name="分类名称")
    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_course_category"
        verbose_name = "分类"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s" % self.name


# 课程表()
class Course(BaseModel):
    """课程"""
    course_type = (
        (0, '付费'),
        (1, 'VIP专享'),
        (2, '学位课程')
    )
    level_choices = (
        (0, '初级'),
        (1, '中级'),
        (2, '高级'),
    )
    status_choices = (
        (0, '上线'),
        (1, '下线'),
        (2, '预上线'),
    )
    # 课程名字
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name="课程名称")
    # 课程图片
    course_img = models.ImageField(upload_to="courses", max_length=255, verbose_name="封面图片", blank=True, null=True)
    # 课程付费类型
    course_type = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=course_type, default=0, verbose_name="付费类型")
    # 课程介绍（bbs的文章内容）
    brief = models.TextField(max_length=2048, verbose_name="详情介绍", null=True, blank=True)
    # 课程难度等级
    level = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=level_choices, default=0, verbose_name="难度等级")
    # 课程发布日期
    pub_date = models.DateField(verbose_name="发布日期", auto_now_add=True)
    #建议学习周期
    period = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="建议学习周期(day)", default=7)
    # 文档（zip，课程资料）
    attachment_path = models.FileField(upload_to="attachment", max_length=128, verbose_name="课件路径", blank=True,
                                       null=True)
    # 课程状态
    status = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=status_choices, default=0, verbose_name="课程状态")




    # 学习人数
    students = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="学习人数", default=0)
    #总课时数量
    sections = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="总课时数量", default=0)
    # 课时更新数量
    pub_sections = models.IntegerField(verbose_name="课时更新数量", default=0)
    price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, verbose_name="课程原价", default=0)



    # 课程分类，跟分类表一对多，关联字段写在多的一方
    # db_constraint=False:实际编码中，外键关联是人为约束，不是直接使用关联
    # 不建立外键，但是orm使用跟之前一样
    # blank=True  后台管理，录入的时候，blank=True可以为空
    course_category = models.ForeignKey('CourseCategory', on_delete=models.SET_NULL, db_constraint=False, null=True, blank=True,
                                        verbose_name="课程分类")
    # 一套课程是一个老师讲，一对多
    teacher = models.ForeignKey("Teacher", on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, null=True,db_constraint=False, blank=True, verbose_name="授课老师")

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_course"
        verbose_name = "课程"
        verbose_name_plural = "课程"

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s" % self.name

    @property
    def course_type_name(self):
        return self.get_course_type_display()

    @property
    def level_name(self):
        return self.get_level_display()

    @property
    def status_name(self):
        return self.get_status_display()

    @property
    def section_list(self):
        ll = []
        # 获取章节列表
        chapter_list = self.coursechapters.all()
        for chapter in chapter_list:
            course_section_list = chapter.coursesections.all()
            for course_section in course_section_list:
                ll.append({'name':course_section.name,
                          'section_link':course_section.section_link,
                           'duration': course_section.duration,
                           'free_trail': course_section.free_trail,
                           })
                if len(ll) >= 4:
                    return ll
        return ll




class Teacher(BaseModel):
    """导师"""
    role_choices = (
        (0, '讲师'),
        (1, '导师'),
        (2, '班主任'),
    )
    name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="导师名")
    # 身份
    role = models.SmallIntegerField(choices=role_choices, default=0, verbose_name="导师身份")
    # 头衔
    title = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="职位、职称")
    # 导师签名
    signature = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="导师签名", help_text="导师签名", blank=True, null=True)
    # 导师图片
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="teacher", null=True, verbose_name="导师封面")
    # 导师描述
    brief = models.TextField(max_length=1024, verbose_name="导师描述")

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_teacher"
        verbose_name = "导师"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s" % self.name

    def role_name(self):
        return self.get_role_display()




class CourseChapter(BaseModel):
    """章节"""
    # 一对多，章节多
    # related_name：基于对象的跨表查询，反向操作替换掉 表名小写_set.all()
    # related_query_name:反向查询操作时，使用的连接前缀，用于替换表名
    course = models.ForeignKey("Course", related_name='coursechapters', on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="课程名称")
    # 第几章
    chapter = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="第几章", default=1)
    # 章节名字
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name="章节标题")
    # 介绍
    summary = models.TextField(verbose_name="章节介绍", blank=True, null=True)
    #发布日期
    pub_date = models.DateField(verbose_name="发布日期", auto_now_add=True)

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_course_chapter"
        verbose_name = "章节"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s:(第%s章)%s" % (self.course, self.chapter, self.name)




class CourseSection(BaseModel):
    """课时"""
    section_type_choices = (
        (0, '文档'),
        (1, '练习'),
        (2, '视频')
    )
    # 一个章节下多个课时
    chapter = models.ForeignKey("CourseChapter", related_name='coursesections', on_delete=models.CASCADE,
                                verbose_name="课程章节")
    name = models.CharField(max_length=128, verbose_name="课时标题")
    #
    orders = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(verbose_name="课时排序")
    section_type = models.SmallIntegerField(default=2, choices=section_type_choices, verbose_name="课时种类")
    section_link = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="课时链接",
                                    help_text="若是video，填vid,若是文档，填link")
    duration = models.CharField(verbose_name="视频时长", blank=True, null=True, max_length=32)  # 仅在前端展示使用
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="发布时间", auto_now_add=True)
    free_trail = models.BooleanField(verbose_name="是否可试看", default=False)

    class Meta:
        db_table = "luffy_course_Section"
        verbose_name = "课时"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s-%s" % (self.chapter, self.name)

 

搜索组件和过滤组件的使用

'''
排序：
    from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter,SearchFilter
按id正序倒叙排序，按price正序倒叙排列
使用：http://127.0.0.1:8000/course/free/?ordering=-id
配置类：
    filter_backends=[OrderingFilter]
配置字段：
    ordering_fields=['id','price']
    
    
内置过滤：
    from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter,SearchFilter
使用：http://127.0.0.1:8000/course/free/?search=39
按照price过滤（表自有的字段直接过滤）
配置类：
    filter_backends=[SearchFilter]
配置字段：
    search_fields=['price']
    
扩展：django-filter
安装：pip install django-filter
注册：在settings配置注册应用中注册：'django_filters'
支持自由字段的过滤还支持外键字段的过滤
    from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend
http://127.0.0.1:8000/course/free/?course_category=1   # 过滤分类为1 （python的所有课程）
配置类:
    filter_backends=[DjangoFilterBackend]
配置字段：
    filter_fields=['course_category']


'''

 

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