1、下载rpm包

https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/instant-client/linux-x86-64-downloads.html

oracle-instantclient-basic-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

2、安装rpm包

RedHat/CentOS直接rpm安装：

rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-basic-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

在Debian/Ubuntu下先将其转成deb包：

alien oracle-instantclient-basic-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

alien oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

得到:

oracle-instantclient-basic-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.deb

oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.deb

然后dpkg安装：

dpkg -i oracle-instantclient-basic-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.deb

dpkg -i oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-21.6.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.deb

3、配置oracle连接

创建目录

cd /usr/lib/oracle/21/client64

mkdir network/admin

vim network/admin/tnsnames.ora

ORAL =
　　(DESCRIPTION =
　　(ADDRESS_LIST =
　　(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))
　　)
　　(CONNECT_DATA =
　　(SERVICE_NAME = oral)
　　)
)

修改profile文件添加环境：

vim /etc/profile

export ORACLE_HOME=/usr/lib/oracle/21/client64
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.AL32UTF8
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/21/client64/lib
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME:$PATH

生效：

source /etc/profile

4、连接oracle

直接连接：

sqlplus username/password@远端ip:端口号/服务名

其他连接方式：

sqlplus /nolog

conn user/password@//ip:port/database