JUnit+EasyMock测试实例

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JUnit+EasyMock测试实例

一、实例一（纯Java）

要求：

编写一个简单的货币基金选择器，考虑以下几种货币类型：CNY(人民币)、USD(美元)、GBP(英镑)、EUR(欧元)、CAD(加元)，假设基金选择方法每次选择兑换值最高的货币作为投资目标，实验包括对JUnit和EasyMock的使用，最后给出关键的代码截图和测试用例运行结果。

1.1 接口 ExchangeRate

import java.io.IOException;

public interface ExchangeRate {
    public double getRate(String inputCurrency, String outputCurrency) throws IOException;
}

1.2 需测试类 Currency.java

import java.io.IOException;

public class Currency {
    private String unit;
    private long amount;
    private int cents;

    public Currency(double amount,String unit){
        this.unit=unit;
        setAmount(amount);
    }
    public void setAmount(double amount2) {
        this.amount = new Double(amount2).longValue();
        this.cents=(int) amount2*100%100;
    }

    public Currency toChange(ExchangeRate converter){
        String[]u={"CNY","USD","GBP","EUR","CAD"};
        String changeUnit=null;
        double maxRate=0;
        double temp;
        try{
            for(String tempUnit:u){
                temp=converter.getRate(this.unit,tempUnit);
                if(temp>maxRate) {
                    changeUnit=tempUnit;
                    maxRate=temp;
                }
            }
            if(changeUnit.equals(this.unit)) return this;
            double input = amount+cents/100.0;
            return new Currency(input*maxRate,changeUnit);
        }catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    public boolean equals(Object o){
        if(o instanceof Currency){
            Currency other =(Currency) o;
            return this.unit.equals(other.unit) && this.amount==other.amount && this.cents==other.cents;
        }
        return false;
    }
 
    public String toString(){
        return this.amount+"."+cents+" "+unit;
    }
}

1.3 测试类

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.easymock.EasyMock;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;

public class CurrencyTest extends TestCase {

    @Test
    public void test() throws IOException {
        Currency testObject=new Currency(2.5,"USD");
        Currency expected=new Currency(3.75,"EUR");

        ExchangeRate mockRate= EasyMock.createMock(ExchangeRate.class);
        EasyMock.expect(mockRate.getRate("USD","USD")).andReturn(1.0);
        EasyMock.expect(mockRate.getRate("USD","CNY")).andReturn(0.5);
        EasyMock.expect(mockRate.getRate("USD","GBP")).andReturn(1.1);
        EasyMock.expect(mockRate.getRate("USD","EUR")).andReturn(1.5);
        EasyMock.expect(mockRate.getRate("USD","CAD")).andReturn(0.3);
        EasyMock.replay(mockRate);

        Currency actual=testObject.toChange(mockRate);
        assertEquals(actual,expected);
    }
}

{% note warning %}

Currency类中要覆盖Object的toString方法，是因为assertEquals方法中传入的是两个Currency对象，它会像根据Object的toString方法，将二者转化为String类型，再通过equals方法比较。默认转化为Currency对象的地址。
Currency类中要覆盖Object的equals方法，是因为Object的equals方法默认按地址比较，而不是内容。

{% endnote %}

二、实例二（模拟JavaEE环境）

2.1 需测试类 LoginServlet.java

import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException{
		String username = req.getParameter("username");
		String password = req.getParameter("password");
		if("admin".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password)) {
			ServletContext context = getServletContext();
			RequestDispatcher dispatcher = context.getNamedDispatcher("dispatcher");
			dispatcher.forward(req, res);
		}else {
			throw new RuntimeException("Login failed.");
		}
	}
}

2.2 测试类 TestLoginServlet.java

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.easymock.EasyMock;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

public class TestLoginServlet extends TestCase {
    private HttpServletRequest request;
    private ServletContext context;
    private RequestDispatcher dispatcher;
    private LoginServlet loginServlet;

    @Before
    public void setUp() throws Exception {
        request= EasyMock.createMock(HttpServletRequest.class);
        context=EasyMock.createMock(ServletContext.class);
        dispatcher=EasyMock.createMock(RequestDispatcher.class);
        loginServlet=new LoginServlet();
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginSuccess() throws Exception{
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("username")).andReturn("admin");
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("password")).andReturn("123456");
        EasyMock.expect(context.getNamedDispatcher("dispatcher")).andReturn(dispatcher);
        dispatcher.forward(request,null);
        EasyMock.replay(request);
        EasyMock.replay(context);
        EasyMock.replay(dispatcher);
        //匿名类 
        loginServlet =new LoginServlet(){
          public ServletContext getServletContext(){
              return context;
          }
        };
        loginServlet.doPost(request,null);
        EasyMock.verify(request);
        EasyMock.verify(context);
        EasyMock.verify(dispatcher);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginFailed1() {
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("username")).andReturn("ad");
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("password")).andReturn("123456");
        EasyMock.replay(request);
        try {
            loginServlet.doPost(request,null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            assertEquals("Login failed.",e.getMessage());
        }
        EasyMock.verify(request);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginFailed2() {
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("username")).andReturn("admin");
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("password")).andReturn("123");
        EasyMock.replay(request);
        try {
            loginServlet.doPost(request,null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            assertEquals("Login failed.",e.getMessage());
        }
        EasyMock.verify(request);
    }
    @Test
    public void testLoginFailed3() {
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("username")).andReturn(null);
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("password")).andReturn("123456");
        EasyMock.replay(request);
        try {
            loginServlet.doPost(request,null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            assertEquals("Login failed.",e.getMessage());
        }
        EasyMock.verify(request);
    }

    @Test
    public void testLoginFailed4() {
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("username")).andReturn("admin");
        EasyMock.expect(request.getParameter("password")).andReturn(null);
        EasyMock.replay(request);
        try {
            loginServlet.doPost(request,null);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            assertEquals("Login failed.",e.getMessage());
        }
        EasyMock.verify(request);
    }
}

{% note warning %}

测试类中之所以用到匿名类，是因为要测试的代码中使用了getServletContext()方法，此方法是Servlet上下文的方法，此处模拟了环境，也应模拟此方法。

How使用匿名类？Java的匿名内部类

{% endnote %}

三、实例三

3.1 接口 DBUtility.java

package org.easymock.demo.domain;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;

public interface DBUtility {
    public abstract Connection getConnection();
	public abstract void closeDBResource(Connection conn);
	public abstract void closeDBResource(Statement stmt);
	public abstract void closeDBResource(ResultSet rs);
}

3.2 SalesOrders.java

package org.easymock.demo.domain;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public interface SalesOrder {
	public String getOrderNumber();
    public String getRegion();
	public double getTotalPrice();
	public void setOrderNumber(String orderNumber);
	public void setRegion(String region);
	public void setTotalPrice(double totalPrice);
	
	public void loadDataFromDB(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException;
	public String getPriceLevel();
	public String toString();
}

3.3 SalesOrderImpl.java

package org.easymock.demo.domain;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class SalesOrderImpl implements SalesOrder {	
	private String orderNumber;
	private String region;
	private double totalPrice;

	public String getOrderNumber(){return orderNumber;}
	public String getRegion(){return region;}
	public double getTotalPrice(){return totalPrice;}
	public void setOrderNumber(String orderNumber){this.orderNumber = orderNumber;}
	public void setRegion(String region){this.region = region;}
	public void setTotalPrice(double totalPrice){this.totalPrice = totalPrice;}
  
	public void loadDataFromDB(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
		orderNumber = resultSet.getString(1);
		region = resultSet.getString(2);
		totalPrice = resultSet.getDouble(3);
	}

	public String getPriceLevel() {
		double totalPrice = this.getTotalPrice();
		double totalPoints = 0.0;
		
		if ("Africa".equalsIgnoreCase(this.getRegion()))
			totalPoints = totalPrice;
		else if ("Asia Pacific".equalsIgnoreCase(this.getRegion()))
			totalPoints = totalPrice * 0.9;
		else if ("Europe".equalsIgnoreCase(this.getRegion()))
			totalPoints = totalPrice * 0.85;
		else if ("America".equalsIgnoreCase(this.getRegion()))
			totalPoints = totalPrice * 0.8;
		else
			totalPoints = totalPrice * 0.75;
		
		if (totalPoints < 500)
			return "Level_A";
		else if (totalPoints < 1000)
			return "Level_B";
		else if (totalPoints < 2000)
			return "Level_C";
		else if (totalPoints < 4000)
			return "Level_D";
		else
			return "Level_E";
	}

	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
		sb.append("orderNumber = "+orderNumber+"\n");
		sb.append("region = "+region+"\n");
		sb.append("totalPrice = "+totalPrice+"\n");
		sb.append("priceLevel = "+this.getPriceLevel()+"\n");
		return sb.toString();
	}
}

3.4 测试 SalesOrderTestCase.java

package org.easymock.demo.testcase;

import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expectLastCall;
import static org.easymock.demo.matcher.SQLEquals.sqlEquals;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
import org.easymock.EasyMock;
import org.easymock.IMocksControl;
import org.easymock.demo.domain.DBUtility;
import org.easymock.demo.domain.SalesOrder;
import org.easymock.demo.domain.SalesOrderImpl;

public class SalesOrderTestCase extends TestCase {
	public void testSalesOrder() {
		IMocksControl control = EasyMock.createControl();
		
		DBUtility mockDBUtility = control.createMock(DBUtility.class);
		Connection mockConnection = control.createMock(Connection.class);
		Statement mockStatement = control.createMock(Statement.class);
		ResultSet mockResultSet = control.createMock(ResultSet.class);

		try {
			mockDBUtility.getConnection();
			EasyMock.expectLastCall().andStubReturn(mockConnection);

			mockConnection.createStatement();
			expectLastCall().andStubReturn(mockStatement);

			mockStatement.executeQuery(sqlEquals("SELECT * FROM sales_order_table"));
			expectLastCall().andStubReturn(mockResultSet);

			mockResultSet.next();
			expectLastCall().andReturn(true).times(3);
			expectLastCall().andReturn(false).times(1);

			mockResultSet.getString(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn("DEMO_ORDER_001").times(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn("DEMO_ORDER_002").times(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn("DEMO_ORDER_003").times(1);

			mockResultSet.getString(2);
			expectLastCall().andReturn("Asia Pacific").times(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn("Europe").times(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn("America").times(1);

			mockResultSet.getDouble(3);
			expectLastCall().andReturn(350.0).times(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn(1350.0).times(1);
			expectLastCall().andReturn(5350.0).times(1);

			control.replay();
			
			Connection conn = mockDBUtility.getConnection();
			Statement stat = conn.createStatement();
			ResultSet rs = stat.executeQuery("select * from sales_order_table");

			int i = 0;
			String[] priceLevels = { "Level_A", "Level_C", "Level_E" };
			while (rs.next()) {
				SalesOrder order = new SalesOrderImpl();
				order.loadDataFromDB(rs);
				assertEquals(order.getPriceLevel(), priceLevels[i]);
				i++;
			}		
			control.verify();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

3.5 自定义参数匹配器 SQLEquals.java

package org.easymock.demo.matcher;

import static org.easymock.EasyMock.reportMatcher;
import org.easymock.IArgumentMatcher;

public class SQLEquals implements IArgumentMatcher {
	private String expectedSQL = null;
	public SQLEquals(String expectedSQL) {
		this.expectedSQL = expectedSQL;
	}

	public void appendTo(StringBuffer buffer) {
		buffer.append("SQLEquals(\"" + expectedSQL + "\")");
	}

	public boolean matches(Object actualSQL) {
		if (actualSQL == null && expectedSQL == null) return true;
		else if (actualSQL instanceof String) return expectedSQL.equalsIgnoreCase((String) actualSQL);
		else return false;
	}
	
	public static String sqlEquals(String in) {
        reportMatcher(new SQLEquals(in));
        return in;
    } 
}

四、参考文献

Java的匿名内部类

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C/C++教程

JUnit+EasyMock测试实例

JUnit+EasyMock测试实例

一、实例一（纯Java）

1.1 接口 ExchangeRate

1.2 需测试类 Currency.java

1.3 测试类

二、实例二（模拟JavaEE环境）

2.1 需测试类 LoginServlet.java

2.2 测试类 TestLoginServlet.java

三、实例三

3.1 接口 DBUtility.java

3.2 SalesOrders.java

3.3 SalesOrderImpl.java

3.4 测试 SalesOrderTestCase.java

3.5 自定义参数匹配器 SQLEquals.java

四、参考文献

前端开发

后端开发

移动端开发

数据库

服务器运维

人工智能

区块链

游戏开发

网站运营

大数据/云计算

软件工程

软件/开发工具使用

资讯

JUnit+EasyMock测试实例

JUnit+EasyMock测试实例

一、实例一（纯Java）

1.1 接口 ExchangeRate

1.2 需测试类 Currency.java

1.3 测试类

二、实例二 （模拟JavaEE环境）

2.1 需测试类 LoginServlet.java

2.2 测试类 TestLoginServlet.java

三、实例三

3.1 接口 DBUtility.java

3.2 SalesOrders.java

3.3 SalesOrderImpl.java

3.4 测试 SalesOrderTestCase.java

3.5 自定义参数匹配器 SQLEquals.java

四、参考文献

前端开发

后端开发

移动端开发

数据库

服务器运维

人工智能

区块链

游戏开发

网站运营

大数据/云计算

软件工程

软件/开发工具使用

资讯

二、实例二（模拟JavaEE环境）