转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/lailailai/p/4560399.html

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/tterminator/article/details/52252966

写服务端程序，在开发环境下打开远程调试还是非常有用的，还原现场非常容易，让请求方再发个请求即可。如果下来本地调试的话很多环境与管理服务的地址配置什么的都可能不一样，增加了可变因素。

在需要启动服务调试的jvm启动参数中加入（注意：参数要排在启动类名的前面）

dt_socket：使用的通信方式

server：是主动连接调试器还是作为服务器等待调试器连接

suspend：是否在启动JVM时就暂停，并等待调试器连接

address：地址和端口，地址可以省略，两者用冒号分隔

根据文档和stackoverflow上的讨论，JVM 1.5以后的版本应该使用类似下面的命令（老的还是可以使用的）：

就是一个agentlib就行了，后面的参数都没有变，如果用intellij的远程调试配置的话，它会默认给出这两种参数，让你放到服务器的JVM参数里。

下面摘抄一下官方文档：

-Xdebug

-Xdebug enables debugging capabilities in the JVM which are used by the Java Virtual Machine Tools Interface (JVMTI). JVMTI is a low-level debugging interface used by debuggers and profiling tools. With it, you can inspect the state and control the execution of applications running in the JVM.

The subset of JVMTI that is most typically used by profilers is always available. However, the functionality used by debuggers to be able to step through the code and set breakpoints has some overhead associated with it and is not always available. To enable this functionality you must use the -Xdebug option.

Operation

Format: -Xdebug

Include this option at startup.

For Example:

java -Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n myApp

-Xrunjdwp

This option loads the JPDA reference implementation of JDWP. This library resides in the target VM and uses JVMDI and JNI to interact with it. It uses a transport and the JDWP protocol to communicate with a separate debugger application.

Operation

Format: -Xrunjdwp:<name1>[=<value1>],<name2>[=<value2>]...

The -Xrunjdwp option can be further qualified by specifying one of the sub-options listed in Table 2-8.

For example:

-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,address=8000
myApp

This command:

•  Listens for a socket connection on port 8000.
•  Suspends this VM before main class loads (suspend=y by default).
•  Once the debugger application connects, it can send a JDWP command to resume the VM.

-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_shmem,server=y,suspend=n 

This command:

•  Chooses an available shared memory transport address and print it to stdout.
•  Listens for a shared memory connection at that address.
•  Allows the VM to begin executing before the debugger application attaches.

-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=myhost:8000 

This command:

•  Attaches to a running debugger application via socket on host myhost at port 8000.
•  Suspends this VM before main class loads.

-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_shmem,address=mysharedmemory 

This command:

•  Attaches to a running debugger application via shared memory at transport address mysharedmemory.
•  Suspends this VM before main class loads.

-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,address=8000,onthrow=java.io.IOException,launch=/usr/local/bin/debugstub 

This command:

•  Waits for an instance of java.io.IOException to be thrown in this VM.
•  Suspends the VM (suspend=y by default).
•  Listens for a socket connection on port 8000.
•  Executes the following:

/usr/local/bin/debugstub dt_socket myhost:8000

This program can launch a debugger process in a separate window which will attach to this VM and begin debugging it.

-Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_shmem,server=y,onuncaught=y,launch=d:\bin\debugstub.exe 

This command:

•  Waits for an uncaught exception to be thrown in this VM.
•  Suspends the VM.
•  Selects a shared memory transport address and listen for a connection at that address.
•  Executes the following:

d:\bin\debugstub.exe dt_shmem <address> 
where <address> is the selected shared memory address.

This program can launch a debugger process in a separate window which will attach to this VM and begin debugging it.

另外一篇文档（JPDA Connection and Invocation Details  ）：

Sun VM Invocation Options

This section describes the options necessary to invoke Sun VMs for debugging.

Sun's VM implementations require command line options to load the JDWP agent for debugging. From 5.0 onwards the -agentlib:jdwp option is used to load and specify options to the JDWP agent. For releases prior to 5.0, the -Xdebug and -Xrunjdwp options are used (the 5.0 implementation also supports the -Xdebugand -Xrunjdwp options but the newer -agentlib:jdwp option is preferable as the JDWP agent in 5.0 uses the JVM TI interface to the VM rather than the older JVMDI interface).

If your debugger application uses the JDI Sun Command Line Launching Connector, the connector will use the -Xdebug and -Xrunjdwp options as the Connector may be used to connect to a pre-5.0 target VM.

If the target VM is 5.0 or newer the -agentlib:jdwp option is specified as follows:

-agentlib:jdwp=<sub-options>

Loads the JPDA reference implementation of JDWP. This library resides in the target VM and uses JVM TI and JNI to interact with it. It uses a transport and the JDWP protocol to communicate with a separate debugger application. Specific sub-options are described below.

For releases prior to 5.0 the -Xdebug and -Xrunjdwp options are used:

-Xdebug

Enables debugging

-Xrunjdwp:<sub-options>

Loads the JPDA reference implementation of JDWP. This library resides in the target VM and uses JVMDI and JNI to interact with it. It uses a transport and the JDWP protocol to communicate with a separate debugger application. Specific sub-options are described below.

-agentlib:jdwp and -Xrunjdwp sub-options

The -agentlib:jdwp and -Xrunjdwp option can be further qualified with sub-options. The sub-options are specified as follows:

    -agentlib:jdwp=<name1>[=<value1>],<name2>[=<value2>]...

or

    -Xrunjdwp:<name1>[=<value1>],<name2>[=<value2>]...

The table below describes the options that can be used: 
 

Examples

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,address=8000

Listen for a socket connection on port 8000. Suspend this VM before main class loads (suspend=y by default). Once the debugger application connects, it can send a JDWP command to resume the VM.

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,address=localhost:8000,timeout=5000

Listen for a socket connection on port 8000 on the loopback address only. Terminate if the debugger does not attach within 5 seconds. Suspend this VM before main class loads (suspend=y by default). Once the debugger application connects, it can send a JDWP command to resume the VM.

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_shmem,server=y,suspend=n

Choose an available shared memory transport address and print it to stdout. Listen for a shared memory connection at that address. Allow the VM to begin executing before the debugger application attaches.

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,address=myhost:8000

Attach to a running debugger application via socket on host myhost at port 8000. Suspend this VM before the main class loads.

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_shmem,address=mysharedmemory

Attach to a running debugger application via shared memory at transport address "mysharedmemory". Suspend this VM before the main class loads.

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,address=8000,onthrow=java.io.IOException,launch=/usr/local/bin/debugstub

Wait for an instance of java.io.IOException to be thrown in this VM. Suspend the VM (suspend=y by default). Listen for a socket connection on port 8000. Execute the following: "/usr/local/bin/debugstub dt_socket myhost:8000".This program can launch a debugger process in a separate window which will attach to this VM and begin debugging it.

-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_shmem,server=y,onuncaught=y,launch=d:\bin\debugstub.exe

Wait for an uncaught exception to be thrown in this VM. Suspend the VM. Select a shared memory transport address and listen for a connection at that address. Execute the following: "d:\bin\debugstub.exe dt_shmem <address>", where <address> is the selected shared memory address. This program can launch a debugger process in a separate window which will attach to this VM and begin debugging it.