CentOS7安装 mysql5.7

1. 下载 rpm 包

   wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
   rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
   rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
   

2. yum 安装 mysql

   yum install mysql-community-server
   

3. 启动 mysql

   systemctl start mysqld
   

4. 查找安装时的 root 密码并修改

   grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
   2022-02-19T17:14:10.438444Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: f!XpS*:-D3NZ
   2022-02-19T17:14:42.610153Z 2 [Note] Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
   

   # 输入查询到的密码
   mysql -uroot -p
   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
   

5. 如需设置简单密码,需要进行如下设置

   set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
   set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
   set global validate_password_number_count=3;
   set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;
   set global validate_password_length=3;
   # 设置简单密码
   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
   

6. 开启远程访问(如需指定 ip 替换%即可)

   grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'root' with grant option;
   flush privileges;
   

7. 开启防火墙 3306 端口

   firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent # 开放3306端口
   

8. 修改数据库默认字符集

   vim /etc/my.cnf
   #=======================
   [client]
   default-character-set=utf8
   [mysqld]
   #
   # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
   # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
   # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
   #
   # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
   # changes to the binary log between backups.
   # log_bin
   #
   # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
   # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
   # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
   # join_buffer_size = 128M
   # sort_buffer_size = 2M
   # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
   datadir=/var/lib/mysql
   socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
   character-set-server=utf8
   collation-server=utf8_general_ci
   
   # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
   symbolic-links=0
   
   log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
   pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
   

   重启 mysqld

   service mysqld restart