Java教程
java实现链表
本文主要是介绍java实现链表，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
链表是非常常用的数据结构，常见的链表有单链表、双向链表和双向循环链表。
一个比一个复杂，但实际运用中，越往后越好用。
下面我们使用java分别实现：
一、单链表
单链表特点： 1.单链表的head结点指向第一个数据节点，存数据,没有tail结点 2.单链表的每个节点都有next指针指向下一个节点，但是没有指针指向前驱节点
/**
* @Author : wangbin
* @Date : 2/7/2022 11:17 AM
* @Description: 单链表特点：
* 1.单链表的head结点指向第一个数据节点，存数据,没有tail结点
* 2.单链表的每个节点都有next指针指向下一个节点，但是没有指针指向前驱节点
*/
public class SinglyLinkedList<E> implements LinkedList<E> {
private int size;
private Node<E> head;
public SinglyLinkedList() {
}
@Override
public int size() {
return size;
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size == 0;
}
@Override
public boolean add(E e) {
if (head == null) {
head = new Node<>(e, null);
size++;
return true;
}
Node<E> cur = head;
while (cur.next != null) {
cur = cur.next;
}
cur.next = new Node<>(e, null);
size++;
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean remove(E e) {
Node<E> cur = head;
Node<E> curPrev = head;
while (!cur.item.equals(e) && cur.next != null) {
curPrev = cur;
cur = cur.next;
}
if (cur.next == null) {
return false;
}
curPrev.next = cur.next;
size--;
return true;
}
@Override
public E get(int index) {
Node<E> curNode = getNode(index);
return curNode.item;
}
private Node<E> getNode(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> curNode = head;
int curIdx = 0;
while (curNode.next != null && curIdx != index) {
curIdx++;
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return curNode;
}
private Node<E> getPrevNode(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> curNode = head;
int curIdx = 0;
while (curIdx != index - 1) {
curIdx++;
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return curNode;
}
@Override
public E set(int index, E element) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> node = getNode(index);
E oldElement = node.item;
node.item = element;
return oldElement;
}
@Override
public void add(int index, E element) {
if (!isPositionIndex(index)) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
Node<E> prevNode = getPrevNode(index);
Node<E> curNode = prevNode.next;
prevNode.next = new Node<>(element, curNode);
size++;
}
private boolean isPositionIndex(int index) {
return index >= 0 && index <= size;
}
@Override
public E remove(int index) {
if (index == 0) {
E item = head.item;
head = head.next;
size--;
return item;
}
Node<E> prevNode = getPrevNode(index);
Node<E> curNode = prevNode.next;
prevNode.next = curNode.next;
size--;
return curNode.item;
}
@Override
public int indexOf(E o) {
int curIndex = 0;
for (Node<E> curNode = head; curIndex < size; curNode = curNode.next) {
if (curNode.item.equals(o)) {
return curIndex;
}
curIndex++;
}
return -1;
}
@Override
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Iterator<E>() {
int nextIndex = 0;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return nextIndex < size;
}
@Override
public E next() {
return get(nextIndex++);
}
};
}
private void checkIndex(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
}
private static class Node<E> {
E item;
Node<E> next;
public Node(E item, Node<E> next) {
this.item = item;
this.next = next;
}
}
}
二、双向链表
双向链表的特点： 1.双向链表既有head节点，也有tail节点； 2.head节点指向第一个节点，head.prev==null； 3.tail节点指向最后一个节点，tail.next==null; 4.相比双向循环链表，双向链表没有使用哨兵，所以需要处理复杂的边界条件
/**
* @Author : wangbin
* @Date : 2/7/2022 11:18 AM
* @Description: 双向链表的特点：
* 1.双向链表既有head节点，也有tail节点；
* 2.head节点指向第一个节点，head.prev==null；
* 3.tail节点指向最后一个节点，tail.next==null;
* 相比双向循环链表，双向链表没有使用哨兵，所以需要处理复杂的边界条件
*/
public class DoublyLinkedList<E> implements LinkedList<E> {
private int size = 0;
private Node<E> head;
private Node<E> tail;
public DoublyLinkedList() {
}
@Override
public int size() {
return size;
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size == 0;
}
@Override
public boolean add(E e) {
if (head == null) {
Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(e, null, null);
this.head = newNode;
this.tail = newNode;
size++;
} else {
Node<E> curNode = head;
while (curNode.next != null) {
curNode = curNode.next;
}
Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(e, null, curNode);
curNode.next = newNode;
this.tail = newNode;
size++;
}
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean remove(E e) {
for (Node<E> curNode = head; curNode != null; curNode = curNode.next) {
if (curNode.item.equals(e)) {
Node<E> prev = curNode.prev;
Node<E> next = curNode.next;
if (prev == null) {
head = next;
} else {
prev.next = next;
}
if (next == null) {
tail = prev;
} else {
next.prev = prev;
}
size--;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
@Override
public E get(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
if (index < size / 2) {
Node<E> curNode = head;
for (int curIndex = 0; curIndex < index; curIndex++) {
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return curNode.item;
} else {
Node<E> curNode = tail;
for (int curIndex = size - 1; curIndex > index; curIndex--) {
curNode = curNode.prev;
}
return curNode.item;
}
}
private void checkIndex(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
}
@Override
public E set(int index, E element) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> curNode = getNode(index);
E item = curNode.item;
curNode.item = element;
return item;
}
private Node<E> getNode(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
if (index < size / 2) {
Node<E> curNode = head;
for (int curIndex = 0; curIndex < index; curIndex++) {
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return curNode;
} else {
Node<E> curNode = tail;
for (int curIndex = size - 1; curIndex > index; curIndex--) {
curNode = curNode.prev;
}
return curNode;
}
}
@Override
public void add(int index, E element) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> oldNode = getNode(index);
Node<E> prev = oldNode.prev;
Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(element, null, null);
if (prev == null) {
head = newNode;
} else {
prev.setNext(newNode);
newNode.setPrev(prev);
}
newNode.setNext(oldNode);
oldNode.setPrev(newNode);
size++;
}
@Override
public E remove(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> node = getNode(index);
Node<E> next = node.next;//next和prev对象都有可能为null，所有下面需要进行判断
Node<E> prev = node.prev;
E item = node.item;
if (prev == null) {
head = next;
} else {
prev.next = next;
}
if (next == null) {
tail = prev;
} else {
next.prev = prev;
}
size--;
return item;
}
@Override
public int indexOf(E o) {
int curIndex = 0;
for (Node<E> curNode = head; curNode.next != null; curNode = curNode.next) {
if (curNode.item.equals(o)) {
return curIndex;
}
curIndex++;
}
return -1;
}
@Override
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Iterator<E>() {
private int nextIndex;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return nextIndex < size;
}
@Override
public E next() {
return get(nextIndex++);
}
};
}
private static class Node<E> {
E item;
Node<E> next;
Node<E> prev;
public Node(E item, Node<E> next, Node<E> prev) {
this.item = item;
this.next = next;
this.prev = prev;
}
public void setNext(Node<E> next) {
this.next = next;
}
public void setPrev(Node<E> prev) {
this.prev = prev;
}
}
}
三、双向循环链表
双向循环链表特点： 1.有head节点，无tail节点 2.与单链表和双向链表不同，为简化操作，双向循环链表使用一个空哨兵节点作为head节点 3.head节点的next指针指向第一个节点，head节点的prev指针指向最后一个节点； 4.最后一个节点的next指针指向head节点， 5.判断是否为空。head==head.next
/**
* @Author : wangbin
* @Date : 2/7/2022 11:18 AM
* @Description: 双向循环链表特点：
* 1.有head节点，无tail节点
* 2.与单链表和双向链表不同，为简化操作，双向循环链表使用一个空哨兵节点作为head节点
* 3.head节点的next指针指向第一个节点，head节点的prev指针指向最后一个节点；
* 4.最后一个节点的next指针指向head节点，
* 5.判断是否为空。head==head.next
*/
public class CircularLinkedList<E> implements LinkedList<E> {
private int size = 0;
private Node<E> head;
public CircularLinkedList() {
this.head = new Node<>(null, null, null);
this.head.prev = this.head;
this.head.next = this.head;
}
@Override
public int size() {
return size;
}
@Override
public boolean isEmpty() {
return size == 0;
}
@Override
public boolean add(E e) {
if (head.next == head) {
Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(e, null, null);
this.head.next = newNode;
this.head.prev = newNode;
newNode.setNext(head);
newNode.setPrev(head);
size++;
} else {
Node<E> curNode = head;
while (curNode.next != head) {
curNode = curNode.next;
}
Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(e, head, curNode);
curNode.next = newNode;
head.prev = newNode;
size++;
}
return true;
}
@Override
public boolean remove(E e) {
for (Node<E> curNode = head.next; curNode.item != null; curNode = curNode.next) {
if (curNode.item.equals(e)) {
Node<E> prev = curNode.prev;
Node<E> next = curNode.next;
prev.next = next;
next.prev = prev;
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
@Override
public E get(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
if (index < size / 2) {
Node<E> curNode = head.next;
for (int curIndex = 0; curIndex < index; curIndex++) {
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return curNode.item;
} else {
Node<E> curNode = head.prev;
for (int curIndex = size - 1; curIndex > index; curIndex--) {
curNode = curNode.prev;
}
return curNode.item;
}
}
private void checkIndex(int index) {
if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
}
}
@Override
public E set(int index, E element) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> curNode = getNode(index);
E item = curNode.item;
curNode.item = element;
return item;
}
private Node<E> getNode(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
if (index < size / 2) {
Node<E> curNode = head.next;
for (int curIndex = 0; curIndex < index; curIndex++) {
curNode = curNode.next;
}
return curNode;
} else {
Node<E> curNode = head.prev;
for (int curIndex = size - 1; curIndex > index; curIndex--) {
curNode = curNode.prev;
}
return curNode;
}
}
@Override
public void add(int index, E element) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> oldNode = getNode(index);
Node<E> prev = oldNode.prev;
Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(element, oldNode, prev);
prev.setNext(newNode);
oldNode.setPrev(newNode);
size++;
}
@Override
public E remove(int index) {
checkIndex(index);
Node<E> node = getNode(index);
Node<E> next = node.next;
Node<E> prev = node.prev;
E item = node.item;
prev.next = next;
next.prev = prev;
size--;
return item;
}
@Override
public int indexOf(E o) {
int curIndex = 0;
for (Node<E> curNode = head.next; curNode.next != head; curNode = curNode.next) {
if (curNode.item.equals(o)) {
return curIndex;
}
curIndex++;
}
return -1;
}
@Override
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Iterator<E>() {
private Node<E> curNode = head.next;
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return curNode.item != null;
}
@Override
public E next() {
E item = curNode.item;
curNode = curNode.next;
return item;
}
};
}
private static class Node<E> {
E item;
Node<E> next;
Node<E> prev;
public Node(E item, Node<E> next, Node<E> prev) {
this.item = item;
this.next = next;
this.prev = prev;
}
public void setNext(Node<E> next) {
this.next = next;
}
public void setPrev(Node<E> prev) {
this.prev = prev;
}
}
}
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