mysqladmin是一个执行管理操作的客户端程序。它可以用来检查服务器的配置和当前状态、创建和删除数据库等。

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Administration program for the mysqld daemon.
Usage: mysqladmin [OPTIONS] command command....
--bind-address=name IP address to bind to.
-c, --count=# Number of iterations to make. This works with -i
(--sleep) only.
--debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit.
--debug-info Print some debug info at exit.
-f, --force Don't ask for confirmation on drop database; with
multiple commands, continue even if an error occurs.
-C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol.
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory for character set files.
--default-character-set=name 设置字符集.
-?, --help Display this help and exit.
-h, --host=name Connect to host.
-b, --no-beep Turn off beep on error.
-p, --password[=name]
Password to use when connecting to server. If password is
not given it's asked from the tty.
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
/etc/services, built-in default (3306).
--protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,memory).
-r, --relative Show difference between current and previous values when used with -i. Currently only works with extended-status.
--secure-auth Refuse client connecting to server if it uses old
(pre-4.1.1) protocol.(Defaults to on; use --skip-secure-auth to disable.)
-s, --silent （静默模式）
-S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection.
-i, --sleep=# Execute commands repeatedly with a sleep between.
--ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags).
--ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl).
--ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl).
--ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl).
--ssl-crl=name Certificate revocation list (implies --ssl).
--ssl-crlpath=name Certificate revocation list path (implies --ssl).
--ssl-verify-server-cert  Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default.
--ssl-mode=name SSL connection mode.
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.
-v, --verbose Write more information.
-V, --version Output version information and exit.
-E, --vertical Print output vertically. Is similar to --relative, but
prints output vertically.
-w, --wait[=#] Wait and retry if connection is down.
--connect-timeout=#
--shutdown-timeout=#
--plugin-dir=name Directory for client-side plugins.
--default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.
--enable-cleartext-plugin
Enable/disable the clear text authentication plugin.

Variables (--variable-name=value)
and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options)
--------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
bind-address (No default value)
count 0
debug-check FALSE
debug-info FALSE
force FALSE
compress FALSE
character-sets-dir (No default value)
default-character-set auto
host (No default value)
no-beep FALSE
port 0
relative FALSE
secure-auth TRUE
socket (No default value)
sleep 0
ssl FALSE
ssl-ca (No default value)
ssl-capath (No default value)
ssl-cert (No default value)
ssl-cipher (No default value)
ssl-key (No default value)
ssl-crl (No default value)
ssl-crlpath (No default value)
ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE
user (No default value)
verbose FALSE
vertical FALSE
connect-timeout 43200
shutdown-timeout 3600
plugin-dir (No default value)
default-auth (No default value)
enable-cleartext-plugin FALSE

按照以下给定的顺序来查找mysql配置文件:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
The following groups are read: mysqladmin client
以下的选项可能会被选择
--print-defaults         Print the program argument list and exit.
--no-defaults            Don't read default options from any option file,except for login file.
--defaults-file=#        Only read default options from the given file #.
--defaults-extra-file=#  Read this file after the global files are read.
--defaults-group-suffix=#
Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)
--login-path=# Read this path from the login file.

Where command is a one or more of: (Commands may be shortened)
create databasename (创建数据库命令：mysqladmin –uroot –p creat db_name)
drop databasename   (删除数据库命令：mysqladmin –uroot –p drop db_name)
extended-status     (显示服务器状态变量及变量值：mysqladmin –uroot –p extended-status)
flush-hosts         （刷新所有主机的缓存信息）
flush-logs          （刷新所有的曰志）
flush-status        （清空状态变量）
flush-tables Flush all tables
flush-threads Flush the thread cache
flush-privileges Reload grant tables (same as reload)
kill id,id,... Kill mysql threads
password [new-password] Change old password to new-password in current format
old-password [new-password] Change old password to new-password in old format
ping Check if mysqld is alive
processlist Show list of active threads in server
reload Reload grant tables
refresh Flush all tables and close and open logfiles
shutdown Take server down
status Gives a short status message from the server
start-slave Start slave
stop-slave Stop slave
variables Prints variables available
version Get version info from server

mysqladmin 工具的使用格式：

mysqladmin [option] command [command option] command ......

option 选项：

-c number 自动运行次数统计，必须和 -i 一起使用
-i number 间隔多长时间重复执行
每个两秒查看一次服务器的状态，总共重复5次。
./mysqladmin -uroot -p -i 2 -c 5 status
-h, --host=name Connect to host. 连接的主机名或iP
-p, --password[=name] 登录密码，如果不写于参数后，则会提示输入
-P, --port=# Port number to use for connection. 指定数据库端口
-s, --silent Silently exit if one can't connect to server.
-S, --socket=name Socket file to use for connection. 指定socket file
-i, --sleep=# Execute commands again and again with a sleep between. 间隔一段时间执行一次
-u, --user=name User for login if not current user.登录数据库用户名
-v, --verbose Write more information. 写更多的信息
-V, --version Output version information and exit. 显示版本

mysqladmin的相关命令：

mysqladmin password jinzs1988                  #<==设置密码，前文用过的。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 password jinzs19880   #<==修改密码，前文用过的。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 status           #<==查看状态，相当于show status。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 -i 1 status      #<==每秒查看一次状态。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 extended-status   #<==等同show global status;。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 flush-logs        #<==切割日志。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 processlist       #<==查看执行的SQL语句信息。
mysqladmin -uroot -jinzs1988 processlist -i 1  #<==每秒查看一次执行的SQL语句。
mysqladmin -uroot -p'jinzs1988' shutdown           #<==关闭mysql服务，前文用过的。
mysqladmin -uroot -p'jinzs1988' variables          #<==相当于show variables。

实例： 

1、查看服务器的状况：status
[root@fp-web-118 bin]# mysqladmin  -uroot -p status
Enter password:
Uptime: 26  Threads: 1  Questions: 2  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 67  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 60  Queries per second avg: 0.076
[root@fp-web-118 bin]#

2.修改root 密码：
[root@fp-web-118 bin]# mysqladmin -u root -poldpassword password 'newpassword'

3.检查mysqlserver是否可用：
[root@fp-web-118 bin]# mysqladmin -uroot -p ping
显示结果：
mysqld is alive

4.查询服务器的版本
[root@fp-web-118 bin]#mysqladmin -uroot -p version

5.显示服务器所有运行的进程：
mysqladmin -uroot -p processlist
mysqladmin -uroot -p-i 1 processlist 每秒刷新一次
[root@fp-web-118 bin]# mysqladmin -uroot -p processlist
Enter password:
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host      | db | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 8  | root | localhost |    | Query   | 0    | init  | show processlist |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
[root@fp-web-118 bin]#mysqladmin -uroot -p -i 1 processlist
Enter password:
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host      | db | Command | Time | State | Info             |
+----+------+-----------+----+---------+------+-------+------------------+
| 9  | root | localhost |    | Query   | 0    | init  | show processlist |
6.创建数据库
[root@fp-web-118 bin]#mysqladmin -uroot -p create daba-test
[root@fp-web-118 bin]#mysqladmin -uroot -pdadong123 create lili
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@DB02 ~]#
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| lili               |
| mao                |
| mysql              |
| dadong             |
| hehe            |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
9.显示服务器上的所有数据库
mysqlshow -uroot -p

10.显示数据库daba-test下有些什么表：
mysqlshow -uroot -p daba-test

[root@fp-web-118 bin]#mysqlshow -uroot -pdadong123 mysql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Database: mysql
+---------------------------+
|          Tables           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| db                        |
| event                     |
| func                      |

11.统计daba-test 下数据库表列的汇总
mysqlshow -uroot -p daba-test -v

12.统计daba-test 下数据库表的列数和行数
mysqlshow -uroot -p daba-test -v -v

13. 删除数据库 daba-test
mysqladmin -uroot -p drop daba-test

14. 重载权限信息
mysqladmin -uroot -p reload

15.刷新所有表缓存，并关闭和打开log
mysqladmin -uroot -p refresh

16.使用安全模式关闭数据库
mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown