背景
用docker构建mysql容器后连接遇到以下问题

问题
Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' cannot be loaded: dlopen(/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin/caching_sha2_password.so, 2): image not found

mysqli_real_connect(): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client [caching_sha2_password]

mysqli_real_connect(): (HY000/2054): The server requested authentication method unknown to the client

MySQL官方说明

解决方法1(docker)
适用场景
第一次构建容器/安装

已安装完成后新增用户

配置
配置 mysql.cnf 配置默认身份验证插件

[mysqld]
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password


验证是否生效
使用CLI进入MySQL

$ mysql -u root -p

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> SELECT Host, User, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| Host | User | plugin |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| % | root | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root | mysql_native_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root用户的身份验证器插件已经变为：mysql_native_password

解决方法2
适用场景
MySQL 已成功安装完成后
查看身份验证类型
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed

mysql> SELECT Host, User, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| Host | User | plugin |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| % | root | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root | caching_sha2_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
root 用户的验证器插件为 caching_sha2_password

修改身份验证类型(修改密码)
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

使生效
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

验证是否生效
mysql> SELECT Host, User, plugin from user;
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| Host | User | plugin |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
| % | root | mysql_native_password |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.session | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | mysql.sys | caching_sha2_password |
| localhost | root | mysql_native_password |
+-----------+------------------+-----------------------+
 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/maoxinwen1/article/details/88629313