Spring Boot Web Application with JSP CRUD Example Tutorial 在本教程中，我们将学习如何使用Spring Boot、  Spring MVC、  Spring Security、  JSP、  JPA 和 MySQL 作为数据库来开发 Spring Boot Todo Management Web 应用程序 。 这个小项目主要是为初学者学习如何使用 Spring Boot 一步步开发 Web 应用。 在这个迷你待办事项管理项目中实现了以下功能：

• 创建待办事项
• 更新待办事项
• 删除待办事项
• 列出待办事项
• 通过 id 获取 Todo。
• 简单的 Spring 安全性
• 用于管理客户端依赖项（CSS 和 JS）的 Webjar。
• JSP 作为视图和通用页眉、页脚和导航栏。
• 自定义错误页面映射

我们将建造什么

我们将使用Spring Boot、  Spring MVC、  Spring Security、  JSP、  JPA 和 MySQL 作为数据库 逐步开发 Spring MVC Todo 管理 Web 应用程序 。

使用的工具和技术

• Spring Boot - 2.0.4.RELEASE
• JDK - 1.8 或更高版本
• Spring 框架 - 5.0.8 发布
• 休眠 - 5.2.17.Final
• Maven - 3.2+
• Spring Data JPA - 2.0.10 发布
• IDE - Eclipse 或 Spring Tool Suite (STS)
• MYSQL - 5.1.47
• Spring Security - 5.0.7 发布
• JSP

创建和导入项目

有很多方法可以创建 Spring Boot 应用程序。最简单的方法是在 http://start.spring.io/使用 Spring Initializr ，它是一个在线 Spring Boot 应用程序生成器。 看上图，我们指定了以下细节：

• 生成：Maven 项目
• Java 版本：1.8（默认）
• 春季启动：2.0.4
• 组：net.guides.todo
• 神器：todo-management-spring-boot
• 名称：待办事项管理弹簧启动
• 描述：todo-management-spring-boot
• 包名：net.guides.springboot.todomanagement
• 包装：jar（这是默认值）
• 依赖项：Web、JPA、MySQL、DevTools、安全性

输入所有详细信息后，单击 Generate Project 按钮将生成一个 Spring Boot 项目并下载它。接下来，解压缩下载的 zip 文件并将其导入您喜欢的 IDE。

包装结构

以下是包装结构供您参考-

pom.xml 文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project
    xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>net.guides.springboot</groupId>
    <artifactId>todo-management-spring-boot</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>
    <name>todo-management-spring-boot</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath />
        <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
            <version>3.3.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>bootstrap-datepicker</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
            <artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

请注意，我们使用 Spring Data JPA starter 与 MySQL 数据库通信。

创建 JPA 实体 - Todo.java

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.model;

import java.util.Date;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

/**
 * @author Ramesh Fadatare
 *
 */

@Entity
@Table(name = "todos")
public class Todo {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
    private long id;

    private String userName;

    @Size(min = 10, message = "Enter at least 10 Characters...")
    private String description;

    private Date targetDate;

    public Todo() {
        super();
    }

    public Todo(String user, String desc, Date targetDate, boolean isDone) {
        super();
        this.userName = user;
        this.description = desc;
        this.targetDate = targetDate;
    }

    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }

    public Date getTargetDate() {
        return targetDate;
    }

    public void setTargetDate(Date targetDate) {
        this.targetDate = targetDate;
    }
}

接下来，为 Todo 实体创建 Spring Data JPA 存储库。

Spring Data JPA 存储库接口 - TodoRepository.java

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.repository;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

import net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.model.Todo;

public interface TodoRepository extends JpaRepository < Todo, Long > {
    List < Todo > findByUserName(String user);
}

Spring 安全配置 - SecurityConfiguration.java

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.security;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.NoOpPasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfiguration extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobalSecurity(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)
    throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
            .passwordEncoder(NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance())
            .withUser("admin").password("admin")
            .roles("USER", "ADMIN");
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/login", "/h2-console/**").permitAll()
            .antMatchers("/", "/*todo*/**").access("hasRole('USER')").and()
            .formLogin();

        http.csrf().disable();
        http.headers().frameOptions().disable();
    }
}

这个类扩展 了 WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 并覆盖了它的几个方法来设置 Web 安全配置的一些细节。 configure(HttpSecurity) 方法  定义了哪些 URL 路径应该被保护，哪些不应该。具体来说，“/”和“/login”路径配置为不需要任何身份验证。所有其他路径都必须经过身份验证。 至于 userDetailsS​​ervice() 方法，它使用单个用户建立一个内存用户存储。该用户的用户名是“admin”，密码是“admin”，角色是“ADMIN”。

控制器层 - TodoController.java

此类包含用于创建、更新、删除和列出 Todos 的请求处理方法。

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.controller;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.validation.Valid;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.propertyeditors.CustomDateEditor;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.WebDataBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.InitBinder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.model.Todo;
import net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.service.ITodoService;

@Controller
public class TodoController {

    @Autowired
    private ITodoService todoService;

    @InitBinder
    public void initBinder(WebDataBinder binder) {
        // Date - dd/MM/yyyy
        SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy");
        binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(dateFormat, false));
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/list-todos", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showTodos(ModelMap model) {
        String name = getLoggedInUserName(model);
        model.put("todos", todoService.getTodosByUser(name));
        // model.put("todos", service.retrieveTodos(name));
        return "list-todos";
    }

    private String getLoggedInUserName(ModelMap model) {
        Object principal = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();

        if (principal instanceof UserDetails) {
            return ((UserDetails) principal).getUsername();
        }

        return principal.toString();
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add-todo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showAddTodoPage(ModelMap model) {
        model.addAttribute("todo", new Todo());
        return "todo";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/delete-todo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String deleteTodo(@RequestParam long id) {
        todoService.deleteTodo(id);
        // service.deleteTodo(id);
        return "redirect:/list-todos";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/update-todo", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showUpdateTodoPage(@RequestParam long id, ModelMap model) {
        Todo todo = todoService.getTodoById(id).get();
        model.put("todo", todo);
        return "todo";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/update-todo", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String updateTodo(ModelMap model, @Valid Todo todo, BindingResult result) {

        if (result.hasErrors()) {
            return "todo";
        }

        todo.setUserName(getLoggedInUserName(model));
        todoService.updateTodo(todo);
        return "redirect:/list-todos";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/add-todo", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String addTodo(ModelMap model, @Valid Todo todo, BindingResult result) {

        if (result.hasErrors()) {
            return "todo";
        }

        todo.setUserName(getLoggedInUserName(model));
        todoService.saveTodo(todo);
        return "redirect:/list-todos";
    }
}

控制器层 - WelcomeController.java

用户成功通过身份验证后，将导航到欢迎页面，此请求由该 WelcomeController 类处理。

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.controller;

import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class WelcomeController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String showWelcomePage(ModelMap model) {
        model.put("name", getLoggedinUserName());
        return "welcome";
    }

    private String getLoggedinUserName() {
        Object principal = SecurityContextHolder.getContext()
            .getAuthentication().getPrincipal();

        if (principal instanceof UserDetails) {
            return ((UserDetails) principal).getUsername();
        }

        return principal.toString();
    }

}

控制器层 - ErrorController.java

ErrorController 用于映射自定义错误页面。

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller("error")
public class ErrorController {

    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ModelAndView handleException(HttpServletRequest request, Exception ex) {
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();

        mv.addObject("exception", ex.getLocalizedMessage());
        mv.addObject("url", request.getRequestURL());

        mv.setViewName("error");
        return mv;
    }

}

控制器层 - LogoutController.java

此类处理，在成功注销后，然后导航到带有正确消息的主页。

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.SecurityContextLogoutHandler;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public class LogoutController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/logout", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String logout(HttpServletRequest request,
        HttpServletResponse response) {

        Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext()
            .getAuthentication();

        if (authentication != null) {
            new SecurityContextLogoutHandler().logout(request, response,
                authentication);
        }

        return "redirect:/";
    }
}

服务层 - ITodoService.java

让我们探索在此界面中处理 Todo 功能所需的所有方法。

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.service;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

import net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.model.Todo;

public interface ITodoService {

    List < Todo > getTodosByUser(String user);

    Optional < Todo > getTodoById(long id);

    void updateTodo(Todo todo);

    void addTodo(String name, String desc, Date targetDate, boolean isDone);

    void deleteTodo(long id);

    void saveTodo(Todo todo);
}

服务层 - TodoService.java

package net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.service;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.model.Todo;
import net.guides.springboot.todomanagement.repository.TodoRepository;

@Service
public class TodoService implements ITodoService {

    @Autowired
    private TodoRepository todoRepository;

    @Override
    public List < Todo > getTodosByUser(String user) {
        return todoRepository.findByUserName(user);
    }

    @Override
    public Optional < Todo > getTodoById(long id) {
        return todoRepository.findById(id);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateTodo(Todo todo) {
        todoRepository.save(todo);
    }

    @Override
    public void addTodo(String name, String desc, Date targetDate, boolean isDone) {
        todoRepository.save(new Todo(name, desc, targetDate, isDone));
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteTodo(long id) {
        Optional < Todo > todo = todoRepository.findById(id);
        if (todo.isPresent()) {
            todoRepository.delete(todo.get());
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void saveTodo(Todo todo) {
        todoRepository.save(todo);
    }
}

配置 MySQL 数据库和 JSP 视图解析器

配置 application.properties 以连接到您的 MySQL 数据库。让我们打开一个 application.properties 文件并向其中添加以下数据库配置。

## Spring view resolver set up
spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/jsp/
spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp

## Spring DATASOURCE (DataSourceAutoConfiguration & DataSourceProperties)
spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/users_database?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username = root
spring.datasource.password = root


## Hibernate Properties
# The SQL dialect makes Hibernate generate better SQL for the chosen database
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

# Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, validate, update)
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update

常见的 JSP 页面片段 - footer.jspf、header.jspf 和 navigation.jspf

footer.jspf 

<script src="webjars/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.6/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
<script src="webjars/bootstrap-datepicker/1.0.1/js/bootstrap-datepicker.js"></script>
<script>
    $('#targetDate').datepicker({
        format: 'dd/mm/yyyy'
    });
</script>
<div class="footer">
    Fixed Footer
    <h1>
        <a href="http://www.javaguides.net/p/spring-boot-tutorial.html">
        Spring Boot Tutorial</a>
    </h1>
</div>
</body>

</html>

header.jspf

<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<%@taglib uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" prefix="form"%>

<html>

<head>
<title>Todo Management</title>
<link href="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css"
 rel="stylesheet">

<style>
.footer {
    position: fixed;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 100%;
    background-color: black;
    color: white;
    height: 100px;
    text-align: center;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>

navigation.jspf 

<nav role="navigation" class="navbar navbar-default">
 <div class="">
  <a href="http://www.javaguides.net" class="navbar-brand">Java Guides</a>
 </div>
 <div class="navbar-collapse">
     <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
          <li class="active"><a href="/">Home</a></li>
          <li><a href="/list-todos">Todos</a></li>
     </ul>
     <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
         <li><a href="/logout">Logout</a></li>
     </ul>
 </div>
</nav>

现在，我们将把上面的页面片段包含到即将到来的 JSP 页面中。

welcome.jsp

<%@ include file="common/header.jspf"%>
<%@ include file="common/navigation.jspf"%>
<div class="container">

 <div class="panel panel-primary">
     <div class="panel-heading">Home Page</div>
        <div class="panel-body">
           Welcome ${name}!! <a href="/list-todos">Click here</a> to manage your
           todo's.
        </div>
     </div>
 </div>
<%@ include file="common/footer.jspf"%>

todo.jsp

<%@ include file="common/header.jspf"%>
<%@ include file="common/navigation.jspf"%>
<div class="container">
 <div class="row">
  <div class="col-md-6 col-md-offset-3 ">
   <div class="panel panel-primary">
    <div class="panel-heading">Add TODO</div>
    <div class="panel-body">
     <form:form method="post" modelAttribute="todo">
      <form:hidden path="id" />
      <fieldset class="form-group">
       <form:label path="description">Description</form:label>
       <form:input path="description" type="text" class="form-control"
        required="required" />
       <form:errors path="description" cssClass="text-warning" />
      </fieldset>

      <fieldset class="form-group">
       <form:label path="targetDate">Target Date</form:label>
       <form:input path="targetDate" type="text" class="form-control"
        required="required" />
       <form:errors path="targetDate" cssClass="text-warning" />
      </fieldset>

      <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Save</button>
     </form:form>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
 </div>
</div>
<%@ include file="common/footer.jspf"%>

list-todos.jsp

<%@ include file="common/header.jspf"%>
<%@ include file="common/navigation.jspf"%>

<div class="container">
 <div>
  <a type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-md" href="/add-todo">Add Todo</a>
 </div>
 <br>
 <div class="panel panel-primary">
  <div class="panel-heading">
   <h3>List of TODO's</h3>
  </div>
  <div class="panel-body">
   <table class="table table-striped">
    <thead>
     <tr>
      <th width="40%">Description</th>
      <th width="40%">Target Date</th>
      <th width="20%"></th>
     </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
     <c:forEach items="${todos}" var="todo">
      <tr>
       <td>${todo.description}</td>
       <td><fmt:formatDate value="${todo.targetDate}"
         pattern="dd/MM/yyyy" /></td>
       <td><a type="button" class="btn btn-success"
        href="/update-todo?id=${todo.id}">Update</a>
       <a type="button" class="btn btn-warning"
        href="/delete-todo?id=${todo.id}">Delete</a></td>
      </tr>
     </c:forEach>
    </tbody>
   </table>
  </div>
 </div>

</div>
<%@ include file="common/footer.jspf"%>

error.jsp

<%@ include file="common/header.jspf"%>
<%@ include file="common/navigation.jspf"%>
<div class="container">
An exception occurred! Please contact Support!
</div>
<%@ include file="common/footer.jspf"%>

运行应用程序

我们已经成功开发了迷你待办事项管理网络应用程序。现在是时候在 servlet 容器（嵌入式 tomcat）中部署我们的应用程序了。我们可以通过两种方式启动独立的 Spring Boot 应用程序。

1. 从应用程序的根目录并键入以下命令来运行它 -

$ mvn spring-boot:run

1. 在您的 IDE 中，将 TodoManagementSpringBoot2Application.main() 方法作为独立的 Java 类运行，它将在端口 8080 上启动嵌入式 Tomcat 服务器，并将浏览器指向 http://localhost:8080/。

演示

1.登录页面

网址：  http://localhost:8080/login 用户名：admin 密码：admin 这是 Spring Security 提供的简单登录页面。您还可以创建自定义登录页面。

2.首页

成功用户登录后导航到主页。

3.列出待办事项

网址：  http://localhost:8080/list-todos

4. 创建待办事项

网址：  http://localhost:8080/add-todo

5.更新待办事项

网址：  http://localhost:8080/update-todo?id=28

6.登出页面

网址：  http://localhost:8080/login?logout

我已经完成了使用带有 JSP 的 Spring boot 开发迷你 Todo Management Spring MVC Web 应用程序。 如果您对本文有任何建议或反馈，请发表评论，如果您需要我的帮助，请告诉我。

本文的源代码可在我的 Github 存储库中找到，地址为  GitHub - RameshMF/todo-management-spring-boot: Mini Todo Management Project using Spring Boot Spring MVC Spring Security JSP MySQL