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要想使用RestTemplate，需要添加配置类，注入bean

RestTemplate共有四类方法：

• getForObject(url, class)
  发送get请求，返回值为class
• postForObject(url, javabean, class)
  发送post请求，请求参数是JavaBean，返回值为class
• getForEntity(url, class)
  发送get请求，返回包装过的class
• postForEntity(url, javabean, class)
  发送post请求， 请求参数是JavaBean，返回包装过的class

代码实例（四个controller方法对应以上四个方法），CommonResult<>类和Payment类是我写的Vo和JavaBean

@RestController
public class OrderController {

    public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://CLOUD-PAYMENT-SERVICE";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
    public CommonResult<Payment> postForObject(Payment payment) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getForObject(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class,id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/getForEntity/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> getForEntity(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        ResponseEntity<CommonResult> res = restTemplate.getForEntity(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);

        // 如果请求成功，返回内容
        if (res.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()) {
            return res.getBody();
        } else {
            return new CommonResult<>(444, "操作失败");
        }
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/postForEntity")
    public CommonResult<Payment> postForEntity(Payment payment) {
        ResponseEntity<CommonResult> res = restTemplate.postForEntity(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
        if (res.getStatusCode().is2xxSuccessful()) {
            return res.getBody();
        } else {
            return new CommonResult<>(444, "操作失败");
        }
    }
}