在 k8s 中,一般使用 YAML 格式的文件来创建符合我们预期期望的 pod,这样的 YAML 文件称为资源清单。
必须存在的属性
比如之前我们安装flannel 的时候就用的yml, 网址: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml , 内容如下:
--- apiVersion: policy/v1beta1 kind: PodSecurityPolicy metadata: name: psp.flannel.unprivileged annotations: seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: docker/default seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: docker/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/allowedProfileNames: runtime/default apparmor.security.beta.kubernetes.io/defaultProfileName: runtime/default spec: privileged: false volumes: - configMap - secret - emptyDir - hostPath allowedHostPaths: - pathPrefix: "/etc/cni/net.d" - pathPrefix: "/etc/kube-flannel" - pathPrefix: "/run/flannel" readOnlyRootFilesystem: false # Users and groups runAsUser: rule: RunAsAny supplementalGroups: rule: RunAsAny fsGroup: rule: RunAsAny # Privilege Escalation allowPrivilegeEscalation: false defaultAllowPrivilegeEscalation: false # Capabilities allowedCapabilities: ['NET_ADMIN', 'NET_RAW'] defaultAddCapabilities: [] requiredDropCapabilities: [] # Host namespaces hostPID: false hostIPC: false hostNetwork: true hostPorts: - min: 0 max: 65535 # SELinux seLinux: # SELinux is unused in CaaSP rule: 'RunAsAny' --- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: flannel rules: - apiGroups: ['extensions'] resources: ['podsecuritypolicies'] verbs: ['use'] resourceNames: ['psp.flannel.unprivileged'] - apiGroups: - "" resources: - pods verbs: - get - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes verbs: - list - watch - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/status verbs: - patch --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: flannel roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: flannel subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: flannel namespace: kube-system --- kind: ConfigMap apiVersion: v1 metadata: name: kube-flannel-cfg namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel data: cni-conf.json: | { "name": "cbr0", "cniVersion": "0.3.1", "plugins": [ { "type": "flannel", "delegate": { "hairpinMode": true, "isDefaultGateway": true } }, { "type": "portmap", "capabilities": { "portMappings": true } } ] } net-conf.json: | { "Network": "10.244.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan" } } --- apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: kube-flannel-ds namespace: kube-system labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: selector: matchLabels: app: flannel template: metadata: labels: tier: node app: flannel spec: affinity: nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: kubernetes.io/os operator: In values: - linux hostNetwork: true priorityClassName: system-node-critical tolerations: - operator: Exists effect: NoSchedule serviceAccountName: flannel initContainers: - name: install-cni-plugin image: rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.0.0 command: - cp args: - -f - /flannel - /opt/cni/bin/flannel volumeMounts: - name: cni-plugin mountPath: /opt/cni/bin - name: install-cni image: rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.16.1 command: - cp args: - -f - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist volumeMounts: - name: cni mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ containers: - name: kube-flannel image: rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.16.1 command: - /opt/bin/flanneld args: - --ip-masq - --kube-subnet-mgr resources: requests: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" limits: cpu: "100m" memory: "50Mi" securityContext: privileged: false capabilities: add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"] env: - name: POD_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.name - name: POD_NAMESPACE valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: metadata.namespace volumeMounts: - name: run mountPath: /run/flannel - name: flannel-cfg mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/ volumes: - name: run hostPath: path: /run/flannel - name: cni-plugin hostPath: path: /opt/cni/bin - name: cni hostPath: path: /etc/cni/net.d - name: flannel-cfg configMap: name: kube-flannel-cfgView Code
有两种方式。
第一种:使用kubectl create 命令快速生成yml 文件, --dry-run 是不让其运行
kubectl create deployment web --image=nginx -o yaml --dry-run
也可以输出到本地:
kubectl create deployment web --image=nginx -o yaml --dry-run > my.yml
查看内容如下:
[root@k8smaster1 ~]# cat my.yml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web name: web spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: web strategy: {} template: metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: web spec: containers: - image: nginx name: nginx resources: {} status: {}
第二种方式: 使用现有的deployment 部署
(1) 获取deployment
[root@k8smaster1 ~]# kubectl get deploy -o wide NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE CONTAINERS IMAGES SELECTOR nginx 1/1 1 1 10h nginx nginx app=nginx
(2) 导出yaml 文件
[root@k8smaster1 ~]# kubectl get deploy nginx -o=yaml --export > my2.yml Flag --export has been deprecated, This flag is deprecated and will be removed in future.
(3) 查看文件内容
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: annotations: deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "1" creationTimestamp: null generation: 1 labels: app: nginx managedFields: - apiVersion: apps/v1 fieldsType: FieldsV1 fieldsV1: f:metadata: f:labels: .: {} f:app: {} f:spec: f:progressDeadlineSeconds: {} f:replicas: {} f:revisionHistoryLimit: {} f:selector: f:matchLabels: .: {} f:app: {} f:strategy: f:rollingUpdate: .: {} f:maxSurge: {} f:maxUnavailable: {} f:type: {} f:template: f:metadata: f:labels: .: {} f:app: {} f:spec: f:containers: k:{"name":"nginx"}: .: {} f:image: {} f:imagePullPolicy: {} f:name: {} f:resources: {} f:terminationMessagePath: {} f:terminationMessagePolicy: {} f:dnsPolicy: {} f:restartPolicy: {} f:schedulerName: {} f:securityContext: {} f:terminationGracePeriodSeconds: {} manager: kubectl operation: Update time: "2022-01-09T03:49:49Z" - apiVersion: apps/v1 fieldsType: FieldsV1 fieldsV1: f:metadata: f:annotations: .: {} f:deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: {} f:status: f:availableReplicas: {} f:conditions: .: {} k:{"type":"Available"}: .: {} f:lastTransitionTime: {} f:lastUpdateTime: {} f:message: {} f:reason: {} f:status: {} f:type: {} k:{"type":"Progressing"}: .: {} f:lastTransitionTime: {} f:lastUpdateTime: {} f:message: {} f:reason: {} f:status: {} f:type: {} f:observedGeneration: {} f:readyReplicas: {} f:replicas: {} f:updatedReplicas: {} manager: kube-controller-manager operation: Update time: "2022-01-09T03:52:10Z" name: nginx selfLink: /apis/apps/v1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginx spec: progressDeadlineSeconds: 600 replicas: 1 revisionHistoryLimit: 10 selector: matchLabels: app: nginx strategy: rollingUpdate: maxSurge: 25% maxUnavailable: 25% type: RollingUpdate template: metadata: creationTimestamp: null labels: app: nginx spec: containers: - image: nginx imagePullPolicy: Always name: nginx resources: {} terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log terminationMessagePolicy: File dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst restartPolicy: Always schedulerName: default-scheduler securityContext: {} terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30 status: {}View Code