操作系统:ubuntu 20.04 交叉编译环境:arm-linux-gcc 4.6.4 6410板子内核源码:linux-3.0.1
OK6410-A linux-3.0.1
环境配置看这里
driver_key.c
//driver_key.c #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/gpio.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/cdev.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/device.h> #include <linux/poll.h> #include <linux/semaphore.h> #include <linux/timer.h> #include <asm/irq.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #include <mach/hardware.h> #include <mach/irqs.h> MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); #define DEVICE_NAME "keyint" #define KEYNUM 6 dev_t devid; //static DEFINE_SEMAPHORE(key_lock); //declare a mutex lock for keyint //定义一个信号量 struct semaphore key_lock; static struct fasync_struct *key_async; static struct timer_list key_timer; struct key_irq_desc { int irq; //irq num unsigned long flags; //irq flags,identified the way of irq here,eq.edge,level char *name; //irq name }; static struct key_irq_desc key_irqs[] = { //下降沿产生中断 {IRQ_EINT(0), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY1"}, {IRQ_EINT(1), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY2"}, {IRQ_EINT(2), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY3"}, {IRQ_EINT(3), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY4"}, {IRQ_EINT(4), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY5"}, {IRQ_EINT(5), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY6"}, }; /*define a waiting queue here*/ static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(key_waitq); /*define a event flag ev_press*/ static volatile int ev_press = 0; static volatile int press_cnt[KEYNUM] = {0,0,0,0,0,0}; /*中断处理函数*/ static irqreturn_t keys_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id) { volatile int *press_cnt = (volatile int *) dev_id; /*set the pressed key flag(must do here due to not be static value)*/ *press_cnt = *press_cnt + 1; //延时10ms后执行定时器处理函数 mod_timer(&key_timer,jiffies+HZ/100); //start timer after 10ms return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED); } //定时器处理函数 static void key_timer_func(unsigned long data) { ev_press = 1; //唤醒等待队列 wake_up_interruptible(&key_waitq); kill_fasync(&key_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN); } static int key_fasync(int fd, struct file *filp, int on) { printk("Function key_fasync\n"); return fasync_helper(fd,filp,on,&key_async); } static unsigned key_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait) { unsigned int mask=0; //指明要使用的等待队列 poll_wait(file,&key_waitq,wait); //返回掩码 if(ev_press) mask |= POLL_IN | POLLRDNORM; printk("poll wait\n"); return mask; } static int key_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { int num; if(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) { if(down_trylock(&key_lock)) return -EBUSY; } else { down(&key_lock); } //为每个按键注册中断处理程序 for(num=0;num<KEYNUM;num++) { request_irq(key_irqs[num].irq, keys_interrupt, key_irqs[num].flags, key_irqs[num].name, (void *)&press_cnt[num]); } return 0; } static int key_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { int num; //释放中断号 for(num=0;num<6;num++) { free_irq(key_irqs[num].irq, (void *)&press_cnt[num]); } up(&key_lock); printk("key_close free irqs\n"); return 0; } static int key_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp) { // unsigned int err; //判断是阻塞读还是非阻塞读 if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) { if(!ev_press) return -EAGAIN; } else { /*if ev_press==0,then sleep*/ /*阻塞,当有按键按下时(中断)被唤醒*/ wait_event_interruptible(key_waitq,ev_press); } //阻塞结束,有键按下了 ev_press = 0; //拷贝数据到用户空间 copy_to_user(buff,(const void *)press_cnt,min(sizeof(press_cnt),count)); memset((void *)press_cnt,0,sizeof(press_cnt)); // printk("read and clean press_cnt\n"); return 1; } static struct file_operations key_ops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .open = key_open, .release = key_close, .read = key_read, .poll = key_poll, .fasync = key_fasync, }; static struct cdev *cdev_keyint; static struct class *keyint_class; //模块初始化函数 static int __init s3c6410_keyint_init(void) { int val; /*timer initial */ init_timer(&key_timer); key_timer.function = key_timer_func; add_timer(&key_timer); /*初始化信号量*/ init_MUTEX(&key_lock); /*register device*/ val = alloc_chrdev_region(&devid,0,1,DEVICE_NAME); if(val) { return -1; printk("register keyint error\n"); } cdev_keyint = cdev_alloc(); cdev_init(cdev_keyint, &key_ops); cdev_keyint->owner = THIS_MODULE; cdev_keyint->ops = &key_ops; val = cdev_add(cdev_keyint,devid,1); if(val) { return -1; printk("add device error\n"); } keyint_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE,DEVICE_NAME); device_create(keyint_class,NULL,devid,NULL,"%s",DEVICE_NAME); printk("KEY initialezed ^_^\n"); return 0; } static void __exit s3c6410_keyint_exit(void) { cdev_del(cdev_keyint); device_destroy(keyint_class,devid); class_destroy(keyint_class); unregister_chrdev_region(devid,1); } module_init(s3c6410_keyint_init); module_exit(s3c6410_keyint_exit);
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),) obj-m := driver_key.o else KDIR := /home/kk/Desktop/forlinx/linux-3.0.1 all: make -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- clean: rm -f *.ko *.o *.mod.o *.mod.c *.symvers endif
app_key.c
//app_key.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int fd; int val; int i; int key_value[6]; fd = open("/dev/keyint",0); if(fd<0) { printf("open devie error\n"); return -1; } while(1) { val = read(fd,key_value, sizeof(key_value)); if(val<0) { printf("read error\n"); continue; } for (i=0;i<6;i++) { if(key_value[i]) printf("KEY%d pressed\n",(i+1),key_value[i]); } } close(fd); return 0; }
#make
将编译生成 driver_key.ko等文件
#arm-linux-gcc app_key.c -o anjian
将生成anjian可执行文件
最后呈现以下文件
在原有到内核中,按键的GPIO口被占用,需要进行相应到修改才能达到预期到效果,首先需要做的是安装libncurses 的相关软件,来实现对内核到编写
内核编写过程:
找到内核
make menuconfig
按照下面一路选择
Device Drivers
Input device support
keyboards
有GPIO Buttons
把这个选项去掉
make zImage
生成zImage镜像文件
之后重新烧写
1.以管理员身份运行
2.点击”Scan”,这个步骤是自动搜寻 SD 卡所在盘符。如果"Scan"没有正确设置 SD 卡所在盘符,就需要手动 调整 SD Volume,把盘符号调整为 SD 卡所在盘符(比如说,PC 的 USB 口接了两个或者两个以上的 U 盘或 者 SD 卡,就有可能错误到扫描 SD 卡盘符)。
3.将”SD Type”更改为 auto。这个步骤是为了让 SD_Writer 自动识别 SD 卡类型。
4.将”OS Type”更改为 Linux。这个步骤是选择要烧写的系统类型。
5.点击”Select Boot”, 选择适合自己开发板的 mmc.bin
mmc_ram128.bin 适用于 128M 内存的开发板
mmc_ram256.bin 适用于 256M 内存的开发板
6.点击”Program”,出现”It’s OK”表示操作成功。
首先,将 u-boot.bin 拷贝到 SD 卡中。
u-boot_ram128.bin 专门用于 128M 内存开发板。
u-boot_ram256.bin 专门用于 256M 内存开发板。
将与开发板对应的 u-boot 拷贝到 SD 卡中。接着在 SD 卡中将文件名改为u-boot.bin 即可。
然后,将 zImage 拷贝到 SD 卡中。zImage 是 Linux 的内核映像文件。
最后,将 rootfs.yaffs2 拷贝到 SD 卡中。
rootfs.yaffs2-nand256m 专门用于 128M 内存,256M NandFlash开发板。
rootfs.yaffs2-nand2g 专门用于 256M 内存,1G 或 2G 或者 4G Nandflash 的开发板
将driver_led.ko与test拷贝到SD卡上
步骤 1. 将制作好的 SD 卡插入开发板 SD 的插槽。
步骤 2. 接好 5V 直流电源(飞凌提供此电源,请使用飞凌提供的电源)。
步骤 3. 拨码开关设置为 SD 卡启动。
拨码开关在底板SD 卡启动的拨码开关设置如下:
引脚号 | Pin8 | Pin7 | Pin6 | Pin5 | Pin4 | Pin3 | Pin2 | Pin1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
引脚定义 | SELNAND | OM4 | OM3 | OM2 | OM1 | GPN15 | GPN14 | GPN13 |
SD卡启动 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
1.打开终端
2.加载驱动
#insmod /sdcard/driver_key.ko
3.创建设备文件
#mknod /dev/my_led c 240 0
4.测试
./anjian
5.卸载驱动
#rmmod driver_key
driver_key.c
//driver_key.c #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/gpio.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/cdev.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/device.h> #include <linux/poll.h> #include <linux/semaphore.h> #include <linux/timer.h> #include <asm/irq.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #include <mach/hardware.h> #include <mach/irqs.h> MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); #define DEVICE_NAME "keyint" #define KEYNUM 6 dev_t devid; //static DEFINE_SEMAPHORE(key_lock); //declare a mutex lock for keyint //定义一个信号量 struct semaphore key_lock; static struct fasync_struct *key_async; static struct timer_list key_timer; struct key_irq_desc { int irq; //irq num unsigned long flags; //irq flags,identified the way of irq here,eq.edge,level char *name; //irq name }; static struct key_irq_desc key_irqs[] = { //下降沿产生中断 {IRQ_EINT(0), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY1"}, {IRQ_EINT(1), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY2"}, {IRQ_EINT(2), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY3"}, {IRQ_EINT(3), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY4"}, {IRQ_EINT(4), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY5"}, {IRQ_EINT(5), IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, "KEY6"}, }; /*define a waiting queue here*/ static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(key_waitq); /*define a event flag ev_press*/ static volatile int ev_press = 0; static volatile int press_cnt[KEYNUM] = {0,0,0,0,0,0}; /*中断处理函数*/ static irqreturn_t keys_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id) { volatile int *press_cnt = (volatile int *) dev_id; /*set the pressed key flag(must do here due to not be static value)*/ *press_cnt = *press_cnt + 1; //延时10ms后执行定时器处理函数 mod_timer(&key_timer,jiffies+HZ/100); //start timer after 10ms return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED); } //定时器处理函数 static void key_timer_func(unsigned long data) { ev_press = 1; //唤醒等待队列 wake_up_interruptible(&key_waitq); kill_fasync(&key_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN); } static int key_fasync(int fd, struct file *filp, int on) { printk("Function key_fasync\n"); return fasync_helper(fd,filp,on,&key_async); } static unsigned key_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait) { unsigned int mask=0; //指明要使用的等待队列 poll_wait(file,&key_waitq,wait); //返回掩码 if(ev_press) mask |= POLL_IN | POLLRDNORM; printk("poll wait\n"); return mask; } static int key_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { int num; if(file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) { if(down_trylock(&key_lock)) return -EBUSY; } else { down(&key_lock); } //为每个按键注册中断处理程序 for(num=0;num<KEYNUM;num++) { request_irq(key_irqs[num].irq, keys_interrupt, key_irqs[num].flags, key_irqs[num].name, (void *)&press_cnt[num]); } return 0; } static int key_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { int num; //释放中断号 for(num=0;num<6;num++) { free_irq(key_irqs[num].irq, (void *)&press_cnt[num]); } up(&key_lock); printk("key_close free irqs\n"); return 0; } static int key_read(struct file *filp, char __user *buff, size_t count, loff_t *offp) { // unsigned int err; //判断是阻塞读还是非阻塞读 if(filp->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) { if(!ev_press) return -EAGAIN; } else { /*if ev_press==0,then sleep*/ /*阻塞,当有按键按下时(中断)被唤醒*/ wait_event_interruptible(key_waitq,ev_press); } //阻塞结束,有键按下了 ev_press = 0; //拷贝数据到用户空间 copy_to_user(buff,(const void *)press_cnt,min(sizeof(press_cnt),count)); memset((void *)press_cnt,0,sizeof(press_cnt)); // printk("read and clean press_cnt\n"); return 1; } static struct file_operations key_ops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, .open = key_open, .release = key_close, .read = key_read, .poll = key_poll, .fasync = key_fasync, }; static struct cdev *cdev_keyint; static struct class *keyint_class; //模块初始化函数 static int __init s3c6410_keyint_init(void) { int val; /*timer initial */ init_timer(&key_timer); key_timer.function = key_timer_func; add_timer(&key_timer); /*初始化信号量*/ init_MUTEX(&key_lock); /*register device*/ val = alloc_chrdev_region(&devid,0,1,DEVICE_NAME); if(val) { return -1; printk("register keyint error\n"); } cdev_keyint = cdev_alloc(); cdev_init(cdev_keyint, &key_ops); cdev_keyint->owner = THIS_MODULE; cdev_keyint->ops = &key_ops; val = cdev_add(cdev_keyint,devid,1); if(val) { return -1; printk("add device error\n"); } keyint_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE,DEVICE_NAME); device_create(keyint_class,NULL,devid,NULL,"%s",DEVICE_NAME); printk("KEY initialezed ^_^\n"); return 0; } static void __exit s3c6410_keyint_exit(void) { cdev_del(cdev_keyint); device_destroy(keyint_class,devid); class_destroy(keyint_class); unregister_chrdev_region(devid,1); } module_init(s3c6410_keyint_init); module_exit(s3c6410_keyint_exit);
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),) obj-m := driver_key.o else KDIR := /home/kk/Desktop/forlinx/linux-3.0.1 all: make -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux- clean: rm -f *.ko *.o *.mod.o *.mod.c *.symvers endif
app_key.c
//app_key.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ioctl.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int fd; int val; int i; int key_value[6]; fd = open("/dev/keyint",0); if(fd<0) { printf("open devie error\n"); return -1; } while(1) { val = read(fd,key_value, sizeof(key_value)); if(val<0) { printf("read error\n"); continue; } for (i=0;i<6;i++) { if(key_value[i]) printf("KEY%d pressed\n",(i+1),key_value[i]); } } close(fd); return 0; }
按键按下的屏幕显示: