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java读取XML文件的四种方法总结(必看篇)

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https://www.jb51.net/article/115316.htm

 

JAVA操作XML文档主要有四种方式,分别是DOM、SAX、JDOM和DOM4J,DOM和SAX是官方提供的,而JDOM和DOM4J则是引用第三方库的,其中用的最多的是DOM4J方式。运行效率和内存使用方面最优的是SAX,但是由于SAX是基于事件的方式,所以SAX无法在编写XML的过程中对已编写内容进行修改,但对于不用进行频繁修改的需求,还是应该选择使用SAX。

下面基于这四种方式来读取XML文件。

第一,以DOM的方式实现。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 package xmls; import org.w3c.dom.Document; import org.w3c.dom.Element; import org.w3c.dom.Node; import org.w3c.dom.NodeList; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory; import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; /**  * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-3.  */ public class DOMReadDemo {   public static void main(String[] args){     DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();     try{       DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();       Document document = db.parse("src/xmls/DOM.xml");       NodeList booklist = document.getElementsByTagName("book");       for(int i = 0; i < booklist.getLength(); i++){         System.out.println("--------第" + (i+1) + "本书----------");         Element ele = (Element) booklist.item(i);         NodeList childNodes= ele.getChildNodes();         for(int j = 0; j < childNodes.getLength(); j++){           Node n = childNodes.item(j);           if(n.getNodeName() != "#text"){             System.out.println(n.getNodeName() + ":" + n.getTextContent());           }         }         System.out.println("---------------------------------");       }     }catch (ParserConfigurationException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }catch (IOException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }catch (SAXException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }   } }

第二,以SAX的方式实现。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 package xmls; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser; import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory; /**  * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-1.  */ public class xmlTest2 {   public static void main(String[] args){     SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();     try{       SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser();       SAXParserHandler handler = new SAXParserHandler();       sp.parse("src\\xmls\\book.xml", handler);     }catch (Exception e){       e.printStackTrace();     }   } }
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 package xmls; import org.xml.sax.Attributes; import org.xml.sax.SAXException; import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler; /**  * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-1.  */ public class SAXParserHandler extends DefaultHandler {   @Override   public void startDocument() throws SAXException {     super.startDocument();     System.out.println("SAX解析开始");   }   @Override   public void endDocument() throws SAXException {     super.endDocument();     System.out.println("SAX解析结束");   }   @Override   public void startElement(String s, String s1, String s2, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {     super.startElement(s, s1, s2, attributes);     System.out.println(s2);     for(int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++){       String name = attributes.getQName(i);       String value = attributes.getValue(name);       System.out.println("属性值:" + name + "=" + value);     }   }   @Override   public void endElement(String s, String s1, String s2) throws SAXException {     super.endElement(s, s1, s2);     if(s2.equals("book")){       System.out.println("-----------------------");     }   }   @Override   public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {     super.characters(ch, start, length);     String value = new String(ch, start, length);     if(value.trim().equals("")){       return;     }     System.out.println(value);   } }

 

第三,以JDOM的方式实现。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 package xmls; import org.jdom2.Attribute; import org.jdom2.Document; import org.jdom2.Element; import org.jdom2.JDOMException; import org.jdom2.input.JDOMParseException; import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder; import java.io.*; import java.util.List; /**  * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-2.  */ public class JDOMTest {   public static void main(String[] args){     SAXBuilder saxBuilder = new SAXBuilder();     InputStream in;     try{       in = new FileInputStream(new File("src\\xmls\\book.xml"));       Document document = saxBuilder.build(in);       Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();       List<Element> bookList = rootElement.getChildren();       for(Element book: bookList){         System.out.println("第" + (bookList.indexOf(book)+1) + "本书!");         List<Attribute> attrs = book.getAttributes();         for(Attribute attr: attrs){           System.out.println(attr.getName() + "=" + attr.getValue());         }         for(Element item: book.getChildren()){           System.out.println(item.getName() + ":" + item.getValue());         }         System.out.println("------------------------------------");       }     }catch (FileNotFoundException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }catch (JDOMException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }catch (IOException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }   } }

第四,以DOM4J的方式实现。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 package xmls; import org.dom4j.*; import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat; import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader; import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; /**  * Created by lenovo on 2017-6-2.  */ public class DOM4JTest {   public void parseXML(){     SAXReader saxReader = new SAXReader();     try{       Document document = saxReader.read(new File("src\\xmls\\book.xml"));       Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();       Iterator it = rootElement.elementIterator();       while (it.hasNext()){         Element book = (Element)it.next();         List<Attribute> attrs = book.attributes();         for(Attribute attr: attrs){           System.out.println("属性名:" + attr.getName() + "---- 属性值:" + attr.getValue() );         }         Iterator cit = book.elementIterator();         while (cit.hasNext()){           Element child = (Element) cit.next();           System.out.println("子节点:" + child.getName());         }       }     }catch (DocumentException e){       e.printStackTrace();     }   }   public static void main(String[] args){     DOM4JTest dom4JTest = new DOM4JTest();     dom4JTest.parseXML();   } }

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