错误提示：

Starting namenodes on [master]
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs namenode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_NAMENODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.

Starting datanodes
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs datanode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_DATANODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.

Starting secondary namenodes
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs secondarynamenode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.

Starting journal nodes
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs journalnode as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER defined. Aborting operation.

Starting ZK Failover Controllers on NN hosts
ERROR: Attempting to operate on hdfs zkfc as root
ERROR: but there is no HDFS_ZKFC_USER defined. Aborting operation.

原因：

使用root账号启动服务，但没预先定义

解决方法：

* 该步骤需要在每台机都执行，也可以先在其中一台机修改，再用scp同步给其它机

1.修改start-dfs.sh和stop-dfs.sh

cd /home/hadoop/sbin
vim start-dfs.sh
vim stop-dfs.sh

在头部添加以下内容：

HDFS_ZKFC_USER=root
HDFS_JOURNALNODE_USER=root
HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=root
#HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=root

2.修改start-yarn.sh和stop-yarn.sh

cd /home/hadoop/sbin
vim start-yarn.sh
vim stop-yarn.sh

在头部添加以下内容：

#HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=root
HDFS_DATANODE_SECURE_USER=root
YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root
YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root

3.同步到其它机

cd /home/hadoop/sbin
scp * c2:/home/hadoop/sbin
scp * c3:/home/hadoop/sbin
scp * c4:/home/hadoop/sbin