以下实例演示了如何使用 InetAddress 类的 InetAddress.getByName() 方法来获取指定主机(网址)的IP地址:
import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class GetIP { public static void main(String[] args) { InetAddress address = null; try { address = InetAddress.getByName("www.nowcoder.com"); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { System.exit(2); } System.out.println(address.getHostName() + "=" + address.getHostAddress()); System.exit(0); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
www.nowcoder.com=222.73.134.120
以下实例演示了如何检测端口是否已经使用:
import java.net.*; import java.io.*; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { Socket Skt; String host = "localhost"; if (args.length > 0) { host = args[0]; } for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) { try { System.out.println("查看 "+ i); Skt = new Socket(host, i); System.out.println("端口 " + i + " 已被使用"); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { System.out.println("Exception occured"+ e); break; } catch (IOException e) { } } } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
…… 查看 17 查看 18 查看 19 查看 20 查看 21 端口 21 已被使用 查看 22 查看 23 查看 24 ……
以下实例演示了如何使用 InetAddress 类的 getLocalAddress() 方法获取本机ip地址及主机名:
import java.net.InetAddress; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { InetAddress addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); System.out.println("Local HostAddress: "+addr.getHostAddress()); String hostname = addr.getHostName(); System.out.println("Local host name: "+hostname); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
Local HostAddress: 192.168.1.4 Local host name: harsh
以下实例演示了如何获取远程文件的大小:
import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLConnection; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { int size; URL url = new URL( "http://static.nowcoder.com/images/res/logo/logo-v3.png"); URLConnection conn = url.openConnection(); size = conn.getContentLength(); if (size < 0) System.out.println("无法获取文件大小。"); else System.out.println("文件大小为:" + size + " bytes"); conn.getInputStream().close(); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
文件大小为:11768 bytes
以下实例演示了如何使用 Socket 类的 accept() 方法和 ServerSocket 类的 MultiThreadServer(socketname) 方法来实现多线程服务器程序:
import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintStream; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; public class MultiThreadServer implements Runnable { Socket csocket; MultiThreadServer(Socket csocket) { this.csocket = csocket; } public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { ServerSocket ssock = new ServerSocket(1234); System.out.println("Listening"); while (true) { Socket sock = ssock.accept(); System.out.println("Connected"); new Thread(new MultiThreadServer(sock)).start(); } } public void run() { try { PrintStream pstream = new PrintStream (csocket.getOutputStream()); for (int i = 100; i >= 0; i--) { pstream.println(i + " bottles of beer on the wall"); } pstream.close(); csocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e); } } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
Listening Connected
以下实例演示了如何查看主机指定文件的最后修改时间:
import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLConnection; import java.util.Date; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; public class Main { public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception { URL u = new URL("http://127.0.0.1/test/test.html"); URLConnection uc = u.openConnection(); SimpleDateFormat ft = new SimpleDateFormat ("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"); uc.setUseCaches(false); long timestamp = uc.getLastModified(); System.out.println( "test.html 文件最后修改时间 :" + ft.format(new Date(timestamp))); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
test.html 文件最后修改时间 :2018-09-06 10:06:04
以下实例演示了如何使用 net.Socket 类的getInetAddress() 方法来连接到指定主机
import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.Socket; public class WebPing { public static void main(String[] args) { try { InetAddress addr; Socket sock = new Socket("www.nowcoder.com", 80); addr = sock.getInetAddress(); System.out.println("连接到 " + addr); sock.close(); } catch (java.io.IOException e) { System.out.println("无法连接 " + args[0]); System.out.println(e); } } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
连接到 http:/www.nowcoder.com/222.73.134.120
以下实例演示了如何使用 net.URL 类的 URL() 构造函数来抓取网页:
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.FileWriter; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.URL; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { URL url = new URL("http://www.nowcoder.com"); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(url.openStream())); BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter (new FileWriter("data.html")); String line; while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); writer.write(line); writer.newLine(); } reader.close(); writer.close(); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为(网页的源代码,存储在当前目录下的 data.html 文件中):
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=11,IE=10,IE=9,IE=8"/>……
以下实例演示了如何使用 HttpURLConnection 的 httpCon.getDate() 方法来获取 URL响应头的日期信息:
import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import java.util.Date; public class Main{ public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { URL url = new URL("http://www.nowcoder.com"); HttpURLConnection httpCon = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); long date = httpCon.getDate(); if (date == 0) System.out.println("无法获取信息。"); else System.out.println("Date: " + new Date(date)); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
Date: Mon May 04 11:57:06 CST 2015
以下实例演示了如何获取指定 URL 的响应头信息:
import java.io.IOException; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLConnection; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{ URL url = new URL("http://www.nowcoder.com"); URLConnection conn = url.openConnection(); Map headers = conn.getHeaderFields(); Set<String> keys = headers.keySet(); for( String key : keys ){ String val = conn.getHeaderField(key); System.out.println(key+" "+val); } System.out.println( conn.getLastModified() ); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
Transfer-Encoding chunked null HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server Tengine/1.3.0 Connection keep-alive Vary Cookie Date Mon, 04 May 2015 03:54:05 GMT X-Pingback http://www.nowcoder.com/xmlrpc.php X-Powered-By PHP/5.3.15 Content-Type text/html; charset=UTF-8
以下实例演示了如何使用 net.URL 类的 url.getProtocol() ,url.getFile() 等方法来解析 URL 地址:
import java.net.URL; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { URL url = new URL("http://www.nowcoder.com/html/html-tutorial.html"); System.out.println("URL 是 " + url.toString()); System.out.println("协议是 " + url.getProtocol()); System.out.println("文件名是 " + url.getFile()); System.out.println("主机是 " + url.getHost()); System.out.println("路径是 " + url.getPath()); System.out.println("端口号是 " + url.getPort()); System.out.println("默认端口号是 " + url.getDefaultPort()); } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
URL 是 http://www.nowcoder.com/html/html-tutorial.html 协议是 http 文件名是 /html/html-tutorial.html 主机是 www.nowcoder.com 路径是 /html/html-tutorial.html 端口号是 -1 默认端口号是 80
以下实例演示了如何实现客户端发送消息到服务器,服务器接收到消息并读取输出,然后写出到客户端客户端接收到输出。
1、建立服务器端
服务器建立通信ServerSocket
服务器建立Socket接收客户端连接
建立IO输入流读取客户端发送的数据
建立IO输出流向客户端发送数据消息
服务器端代码:
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.net.ServerSocket; import java.net.Socket; public class Server { public static void main(String[] args) { try { ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(8888); System.out.println("启动服务器...."); Socket s = ss.accept(); System.out.println("客户端:"+s.getInetAddress().getLocalHost()+"已连接到服务器"); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream())); //读取客户端发送来的消息 String mess = br.readLine(); System.out.println("客户端:"+mess); BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(s.getOutputStream())); bw.write(mess+"\n"); bw.flush(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
启动服务器....
2、建立客户端
创建Socket通信,设置通信服务器的IP和Port
建立IO输出流向服务器发送数据消息
建立IO输入流读取服务器发送来的数据消息
客户端代码:
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.BufferedWriter; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.OutputStreamWriter; import java.net.Socket; import java.net.UnknownHostException; public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { try { Socket s = new Socket("127.0.0.1",8888); //构建IO InputStream is = s.getInputStream(); OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream(); BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os)); //向服务器端发送一条消息 bw.write("测试客户端和服务器通信,服务器接收到消息返回到客户端\n"); bw.flush(); //读取服务器返回的消息 BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is)); String mess = br.readLine(); System.out.println("服务器:"+mess); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
以上代码运行输出结果为:
服务器:测试客户端和服务器通信,服务器接收到消息返回到客户端