视频链接【狂神说Java】GUI编程入门到游戏实战_哔哩哔哩_bilibili
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# GUI
## AWT
### 2.1、Frame
Frame的实例是一个底层容器,即通常被称为窗口。
~~~java
package GUI;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//GUI的第一个界面
public class testFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Frame,JDK 看源码;
Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图形界面窗口");
//设置可见性 w h 没有
frame.setVisible(true);
//设置窗口大小
frame.setSize(400, 400);
//背景颜色 Color
Color color = new Color(155, 89, 104);
frame.setBackground(color);
//弹出的初始位置
frame.setLocation(200, 200);
//设置大小固定
frame.setResizable(false);
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111094620278](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111094620278.png)
尝试回顾封装:
~~~java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
public class testFrame2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyFrame01 myFrame1 = new MyFrame01(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
MyFrame01 myFrame2 = new MyFrame01(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
MyFrame01 myFrame3 = new MyFrame01(500, 100, 200, 200, Color.RED);
MyFrame01 myFrame4 = new MyFrame01(700, 100, 200, 200, Color.BLACK);
}
}
class MyFrame01 extends Frame{
//除了Frame方法以外,还有自己的方法
static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口,我们需要一个计数器
//构造器封装一下
public MyFrame01(int x,int y, int w,int h,Color color){
super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
setBackground(color);
setVisible(true);
//相当于初始位置x,y和窗口大小w h
setBounds(x,y,w,h);
setResizable(false);
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111094541752](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111094541752.png)
### 2.2 、面板panel
~~~Java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;
//Panel 可以看成一个空间,但是不能单独存在,得放在Frame上
public class testPanel {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//窗口
Frame frame = new Frame();
//布局的概念
//面板
Panel panel = new Panel();
/*设置布局 不设置会默认置顶
未设置Layout时,java默认为flowLayout布局的,
设置为null即为清空布局管理器,之后添加组件,常常是设置组件左上角坐标相
对于容器左上角(0,0)的x,y值来确定组件的位置,即使更改容器大小也不会
改变位置。这种方式常常用于窗体大小固定的容器里。*/
frame.setLayout(null);
//坐标
frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
frame.setBackground(new Color(59, 164, 125));
//panel 设置坐标,相对于Frame的坐标
panel.setBounds(50,50,200,200);
panel.setBackground(new Color(90, 46, 30));
//frame.add(panel)frame添加面板
frame.add(panel);//Panel经过三层继承,最终继承了Component
frame.setVisible(true);
//监听时间,监听窗口关闭事件->System.exit(0)
//适配器模式: new WindowsListener()重写的太多了,所以new其子类new WindowAdapter(), adapter(适配器)
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111100737470](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111100737470.png)
### 2.3 布局管理器
setLayout(布局对象)
#### flowlayout 流式布局 从左到右
~~~Java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class testFlowLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame();
//组件-按钮
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
//设置为流式布局
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout());//默认是中FlowLayout.center
//frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
frame.setSize(200,200);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
//窗口点击关闭的时候需要做的事情
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
//结束程序
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111110102751](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111110102751.png)![image-20211111110155712](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111110155712.png)
![image-20211111105928649](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111105928649.png)
#### BorderLayout 东西南北中
~~~java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class testBorderLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");
Button east = new Button("East");
Button west = new Button("West");
Button south = new Button("South");
Button north = new Button("North");
Button center = new Button("Center");
//东西南北中布局不会自动填充,所以得自己去定义组件放的位置。
frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.add(west ,BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(south ,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.add(north ,BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setSize(300,300);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111111318186](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111111318186.png)
#### GridLayout 表格布局
~~~java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class testGridLayout {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TsetGridLayout");
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
Button button2 = new Button("button2");
Button button3 = new Button("button3");
Button button4 = new Button("button4");
Button button5 = new Button("button5");
Button button6 = new Button("button6");
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
//表格布局会自动填充,所以直接add即可,系统会按照add的顺序自动排列
frame.add(button1);
frame.add(button2);
frame.add(button3);
frame.add(button4);
frame.add(button5);
frame.add(button6);
frame.pack();//让布局变得好看
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111112135218](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111112135218.png)
#### 实例
~~~java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
public class work01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame frame = new Frame("TestLayoutLianxi");
frame.setSize(400,300);
frame.setLocation(300,300);
frame.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
frame.setVisible(true);
//表格布局窗口,两行一列
frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
Panel panel3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
Button button1 = new Button("BUTTON1");
Button button2 = new Button("BUTTON2");
Button button3 = new Button("BUTTON3");
Button button4 = new Button("BUTTON4");
Button button5 = new Button("BUTTON5");
Button button6 = new Button("BUTTON6");
Button button7 = new Button("BUTTON7");
Button button8 = new Button("BUTTON8");
Button button9 = new Button("BUTTON9");
Button button10 = new Button("BUTTON10");
//东西南北中布局pannel1
panel1.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
panel1.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);
//表格布局panel2,两行一列
/*另一种简洁的写法:
for(int i=3;i<=4;i++){
panel4.add(new Button("button"+i));
}
这样写前面就不用new Button();
*/
panel2.add(button3);
panel2.add(button4);
//将pannel2嵌套到pannel1中
panel1.add(panel2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//东西南北中布局pannel3
panel3.add(button5,BorderLayout.EAST);
panel3.add(button6,BorderLayout.WEST);
//表格布局panel4,两行两列
/*另一种简洁的写法:
for(int i=7;i<=10;i++){
panel4.add(new Button("button"+i));
}
*/
panel4.add(button7);
panel4.add(button8);
panel4.add(button9);
panel4.add(button10);
//将pannel4嵌套到pannel3中
panel3.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);
//将pannel1和pannel3嵌套到窗口中
frame.add(panel1);
frame.add(panel3);
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
}
~~~
![image-20211111113445254](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211111113445254.png)
#### 总结
##### 之前的知识总结
1. 标题,大小,定位,背景颜色,可见性,监听
2. Frame是一个底层容器。
3. Panel是一个中间容器,无法单独显示,必须添加到底层容器中
4. 布局管理器
a. 流失
b. 东西南北中
c. 表格
### 2.4 、事件监听
#### 事件监听:当某个事件发生的时候,干什么?
```java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class testActionEvent {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//按下按钮,触发一些事件
Frame frame = new Frame();
Button button1 = new Button("button1");
//因为addActionListener需要ActionListener,因此我们需要构造一个ActionListener
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button1.addActionListener(new MyActionListener());
frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
windowsClosing(frame);//调用关闭窗体方法
}
//关闭窗体的事件
private static void windowsClosing(Frame frame){
frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
//事件监听
static class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("点击按钮");
}
}
}
```
![image-20211112234623382](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211112234623382.png)
#### 多个按钮共享一个事件
```java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
public class testActionEvent2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//两个按钮,实现同一个监听
Frame frame = new Frame("多个愿望一次满足");
Button button1 = new Button("start");
Button button2 = new Button("stop");
//setActionCommand()可以显示的定义出发会返回的命令,如果不显示定义,则会走默认值
button1.setActionCommand("button1-start");
//可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
button1.addActionListener(myActionListener);
button2.addActionListener(myActionListener);
frame.add(button1, BorderLayout.WEST);
frame.add(button2, BorderLayout.EAST);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//e.getActionCommand()获得按钮的信息
System.out.println("按钮被点击了:" + e.getActionCommand());
}
}
```
![image-20211112235452200](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211112235452200.png)
### 2.5、输入框事件监听TextField
输入框中输入的字,可以打印出来,并将输入的字全部删除。
```java
package GUI.actionListener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class textArea01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//启动!只负责启动
new MyFrame();
}
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
public MyFrame(){
TextField textField = new TextField();
add(textField);
//监听这个文本框输入的文字
//按下回车键,就会触发这个输入框的事件,在下边的重写方法中重写的语句为 获得输入框的文本并打印
textField.addActionListener(new myActionListener());
//设置替换编码
textField.setEchoChar('*');
setVisible(true);
pack();
}
}
class myActionListener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//getSource()获得一些资源,返回的一个对象,返回对象的类型是object,下转型为TextField
TextField text = (TextField) e.getSource();
System.out.println(text.getText());//获得输入框的文本
//每次都设置为空 即每次文本框输入完以后,都会全部删除清零
text.setText("");
}
}
```
![image-20211113145848451](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113145848451.png)
### 2.6、简易计算器,组合+内部类回顾复习
oop原则:组合,大于继承
#### 原始版本
```java
package GUI.actionListener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class addCalculate01 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator01();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator01 extends Frame {
public Calculator01() {
//3个文本框
TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
TextField textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
//1 个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new addActionListener01(textField1,textField2,textField3));
//1个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(textField1);
add(label);
add(textField2);
add(button);
add(textField3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class addActionListener01 implements ActionListener {
//获取三个变量
private TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;
public addActionListener01(TextField textField1, TextField textField2, TextField textField3){
this.textField1 = textField1;
this.textField2 = textField2;
this.textField3 = textField3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.getText()获得加数和被加数。Integer.parseInt()是把()里的内容转换成整数,将"123"=>123
int n = Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());
//2.setText将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个框。""+(n+n1)把整数转化为字符串,将123="123"
textField3.setText(""+(n+n1));
//3.清除前两个框
textField1.setText("");
textField2.setText("");
}
}
```
![image-20211113003331684](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113003331684.png)
#### 组合版本
- 完全改造成面向对象
```
package GUI.actionListener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class addCalculate02 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator02().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator02 extends Frame {
//属性
TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
//组件——3个文本框,1个按钮,1个标签
textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
//添加按钮监听事件
button.addActionListener(new addActionListener02(this));
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(textField1);
add(label);
add(textField2);
add(button);
add(textField3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class addActionListener02 implements ActionListener {
//获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另一个类
Calculator02 calculator;
public addActionListener02(Calculator02 calculator){
this.calculator=calculator;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int t1=Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField1.getText());
int t2=Integer.parseInt(calculator.textField2.getText());
//2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个框
calculator.textField3.setText(""+(t1+t2));
//3.清除前两个框
calculator.textField1.setText("");
calculator.textField2.setText("");
}
}
```
![image-20211113152816523](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113152816523.png)
#### 内部类版本
```Java
package GUI.actionListener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class addCalculate03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Calculator02().loadFrame();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator03 extends Frame {
//属性
TextField textField1,textField2,textField3;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
//组件——3个文本框,1个按钮,1个标签
textField1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
textField2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
textField3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
Button button = new Button("=");
Label label = new Label("+");
//添加按钮监听事件
button.addActionListener(new addActionListener02());
//布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(textField1);
add(label);
add(textField2);
add(button);
add(textField3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
//内部监听器类
//内部类最大的好处,就是可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法!
private class addActionListener02 implements ActionListener {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int t1=Integer.parseInt(textField1.getText());
int t2=Integer.parseInt(textField2.getText());
//2.将这个值加法运算后,放到第三个框
textField3.setText(""+(t1+t2));
//3.清除前两个框
textField1.setText("");
textField2.setText("");
}
}
}
```
![image-20211113153938637](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113153938637.png)
### 2.7、画笔
```Java
package GUI.Paint;
import java.awt.*;
public class textPaint {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MYpaint().loadFrame1();
}
}
class MYpaint extends Frame{
//创建窗口
public void loadFrame1(){
setBounds(200,200,600,400);
setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//super.paint(g);有些类的父类有一些初始化操作,不能随便干掉
//画笔,需要颜色,画笔可以画画
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//空心圆
g.fillOval(200,100,100,100);//实心园
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.fillRect(100,300,100,100);//实心矩形
g.drawRect(200,300,100,100);//空心矩形
//养成习惯 画笔画完,将他还原到最初的颜色
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
}
}
```
![image-20211113170142264](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211113170142264.png)
### 2.8、鼠标监听
目的:想要实现鼠标画画!
思路:
1. 创建 画板 画笔 鼠标 存点的集合
2. 鼠标监听事件,当鼠标在画板上点击时,获得一个点(鼠标当前的坐标x,y)
3. 将该点(x,y)存进集合中
4. 画笔将集合中点读出,画在画板上。但是画笔只能画一次,所以就让鼠标每次点击后都重新画一次(repaint())
```Java
package GUI;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
//鼠标监听事件
public class TestMouseListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyFrame("画图");
}
}
//自己的类
class MyFrame extends Frame {
//画画需要画笔,需要监听鼠标当前的位置,需要集合来存储这个点
ArrayList points;//存储点的集合
public MyFrame(String title) {
super(title);
setBounds(100, 100, 500, 400);
//存鼠标的点
points = new ArrayList<>();
setVisible(true);
//鼠标监听器,针对这个窗口
this.addMouseListener(new myMouseAdapter());
}
@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
//画画,监听鼠标的事件
Iterator iterator = points.iterator();//迭代器
while (iterator.hasNext()){
Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
}
}
//添加一个点到界面上
public void addPaint(Point point){
points.add(point);
}
//适配器模式
private class myMouseAdapter extends MouseAdapter {
//鼠标 按下,弹起,按住不放
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
MyFrame myframe = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
//这里我们点击的时候,就会在界面产生一个点
myframe.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
//每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一遍
myframe.repaint();//刷新
}
}
}
```
![image-20211115151625724](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115151625724.png)
![image-20211115151453211](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115151453211.png)
### 2.9、窗口监听
```Java
package GUI.Window;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class testWindow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new myWindowFrame();
}
}
class myWindowFrame extends Frame {
public myWindowFrame() {
setBackground(Color.BLUE);
setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
setVisible(true);
this.addWindowListener(
//匿名内部类
new WindowAdapter() {
//关闭窗口
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.out.println("windowsClosing");
System.exit(0);
}
//激活窗口
@Override
public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
myWindowFrame source = (myWindowFrame) e.getSource();
source.setTitle("已激活");
System.out.println("windowActivated");
}
}
);
}
/* @Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
setVisible(false);// 隐藏窗口
System.exit(0);//正常退出 1是非正常退出
};*/
}
```
![image-20211115155236392](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115155236392.png)![image-20211115155331814](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211115155331814.png)
### 2.10、键盘监听
```Java
package GUI.KeyListener;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.sql.SQLOutput;
//键
public class testKeyListener {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new KeyFrame();
}
}
class KeyFrame extends Frame{
public KeyFrame(){
setBounds(0,0,300,400);
setVisible(true);
//适配器
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
//键盘按下
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//getKeyCode()获得键盘下的键对应的整型数据
int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//不需要去记录这个数值,直接使用静态属性VK_xxx
System.out.println(keyCode);
if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
System.out.println("你按了上键盘");
//根据不同的操作,进行不同的结果
}
}
});
}
}
```
![image-20211116081447112](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116081447112.png)
## Swing
### 3.1、窗口JFrame
```java
package Swing.Jframe;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class testJframe {
//init();初始化
public void init(){
//顶级窗口
JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");
jf.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
//设置文字Label->JLabel
jf.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
JLabel jl = new JLabel("JLabel");
jf.add(jl);
//让文本标签居中
jl.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
//容器实例化,这样我们才能看到效果
jf.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.yellow);
jf.setVisible(true);
//关闭事件
jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//建立一个窗口
new testJframe().init();
}
}
```
![image-20211116082554599](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116082554599.png)
### 3.2、弹窗Dialog
```java
package Swing.Dialog;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
public class testDialog extends JFrame {
public testDialog() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//Jframe 放东西,容器
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//绝对布局
contentPane.setLayout(null);
//设置背景
contentPane.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
//按钮
JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
jButton.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
//点击按钮弹出弹框,监听按钮事件
jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//弹窗
new MyDialog();
}
});
contentPane.add(jButton);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testDialog();
}
}
//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialog extends JDialog {
public MyDialog() {
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(500, 100, 500, 500);
//this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//JDialog退出如果使用EXIT会报错,但JDiaolog本身就默认有关闭事件。
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
//JDialog退出只能是D0_ONTHING,HIDE,DISPOSE这三个中的一种
this.setTitle("这是一个弹窗");
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(null);
contentPane.setBackground(Color.ORANGE);
JLabel lable = new JLabel("学习学习");
contentPane.add(lable);
lable.setBounds(20,20,100,50);
}
}
```
![image-20211116094843738](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116094843738.png)
### 3.3、标签
#### 图标Icon
```java
package Swing.Icon;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
//图标,需要实现类,Frame继承
public class testIcon extends JFrame implements Icon {
private int width;
private int hight;
//无参构造
public testIcon(){};
//有参构造
public testIcon(int width,int hight){
this.width = width;
this.hight = hight;
};
public void init(){
testIcon iconDemo = new testIcon(15, 15);
//图标可以放在标签,也可以放在按钮上!
//JLabel(String text, Icon icon, int horizontalAlignment)
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("标签",iconDemo,SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(jLabel);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
@Override
public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillOval(x,y,width,hight);
}
@Override
public int getIconWidth() {
return this.width;
}
@Override
public int getIconHeight() {
return this.hight;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testIcon().init();
}
}
```
![image-20211116112155230](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116112155230.png)
### 图片标签ImageIcon
```Java
package Swing.Icon;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class testImageIcon extends JFrame {
public testImageIcon(){
JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("图片");
//获取图片的地址
//testImageIcon.class.getResource("name.jpg")->获取当前这个类(testImageIcon)的同级资源下名为name.jpg的文件。
URL url = testImageIcon.class.getResource("img.png");
//将图片放进imageIcon中
//ImageIcon是一个类已经实现了Icon接口
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
//将imageIcon放进jLabel中
jLabel.setIcon(imageIcon);
jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
Container contentPane = getContentPane();
contentPane.add(jLabel);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setBounds(100,100,800,800);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testImageIcon();
}
}
```
![image-20211116121510653](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116121510653.png)
### 3.4、面板
#### JPanel
```java
package Swing.Jpanel;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class testJpanel extends JFrame {
public testJpanel(){
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后边两个参数代表的是间距
JPanel jPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
JPanel jPane2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
JPanel jPane3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
JPanel jPane4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 2));
jPanel.add(new JButton("a"));
jPanel.add(new JButton("b"));
jPanel.add(new JButton("c"));
jPane2.add(new JButton("1"));
jPane2.add(new JButton("2"));
jPane3.add(new JButton("A"));
jPane3.add(new JButton("B"));
jPane4.add(new JButton("@"));
jPane4.add(new JButton("#"));
jPane4.add(new JButton("$"));
jPane4.add(new JButton("&"));
contentPane.add(jPanel);
contentPane.add(jPane2);
contentPane.add(jPane3);
contentPane.add(jPane4);
setBounds(100,100,500,400);
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testJpanel();
}
}
```
![image-20211116144526645](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116144526645.png)
#### JScrollPanel
```java
package Swing.Jpanel;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class testJScrollPanel extends JFrame {
public testJScrollPanel(){
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//文本域JTextArea允许编辑多行文本,文本框JTextField允许编辑单行文本
//JTextArea(20, 50)表示20行50列
JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
jTextArea.setText("学习学习");
//JScrolPane()面板,带滚动条的面板,并添加到contentpane
JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
contentPane.add(jScrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
jTextArea.setBackground(Color.yellow);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testJScrollPanel();
}
}
```
![image-20211116150433130](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116150433130.png)
### 3.5、按钮
#### 图片按钮
~~~Java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
public JButtonDemo01(){
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//图片变为图标
URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("4.png");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
JButton jButton = new JButton();
jButton.setIcon(icon);
//悬浮框
jButton.setToolTipText("这是一个图片按钮");
contentPane.add(jButton);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new JButtonDemo01();
}
}
~~~
![image-20211116152235338](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116152235338.png)
#### 单选按钮
```Java
package Swing.Button;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class testButton02 extends JFrame {
public testButton02(){
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//图片变为图标
URL resource = testButton02.class.getResource("img.png");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
//单选框JRadioButton
JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("radioButton1");
JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("radioButton2");
JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("radioButton3");
//由于单选框只能选择一个,分组
ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
buttonGroup.add(radioButton1);
buttonGroup.add(radioButton2);
buttonGroup.add(radioButton3);
contentPane.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
contentPane.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testButton02();
}
}
```
![image-20211116153728664](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116153728664.png)
#### 复选按钮
```Java
package Swing.Button;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;
public class testButton03 extends JFrame {
public testButton03(){
Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
//图片变为图标
URL resource = testButton02.class.getResource("img.png");
Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);
//多选框
JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox1");
JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox2");
JCheckBox checkBox3 = new JCheckBox("checkBox3");
//流式布局
contentPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
contentPane.add(checkBox1);
contentPane.add(checkBox2);
contentPane.add(checkBox3);
//东西南北中布局
/*
contentPane.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
contentPane.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
contentPane.add(checkBox3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
*/
this.setVisible(true);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testButton03();
}
}
```
![image-20211116154210929](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116154210929.png)
### 3.6、列表
#### 下拉框
#### 列表框
### 3.7、文本框
#### 文本框
```Java
package Swing.Text;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class testTextField extends JFrame {
public testTextField(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//不布局只会出现WORLD,且位置不对
this.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("HELLO");
JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("WORLD",20);
container.add(jTextField1);
container.add(jTextField2);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testTextField();
}
}
```
![image-20211116160515780](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116160515780.png)
#### 密码框
```Java
package Swing.Text;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class testPassword extends JFrame {
public testPassword(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
//若不设置替换格式,则默认为 *
jPasswordField.setEchoChar('#');
container.add(jPasswordField);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testPassword();
}
}
```
![image-20211116160938814](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116160938814.png)
#### 文本域
~~~Java
package Swing.Text;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class testTextArea extends JFrame {
public testTextArea(){
Container container = this.getContentPane();
//文本域
JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
textArea.setText("学习第一");
//Scroll面板
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
container.add(scrollPane);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setBounds(100,100,400,300);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new testTextArea();
}
}
~~~
![image-20211116185645580](C:\Users\86158\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\image-20211116185645580.png)