Linux系统状态的查看及管理工具:pstree, ps, pidof, pgrep, top, htop, glance, pmap, vmstat, dstat,kill, pkill, job, bg, fg, nohup
pstree 可以用来显示进程的父子关系,以树形结构显示
格式:
pstree [OPTION] [ PID | USER ]
常用选项:
-p 显示PID -T 不显示线程thread,默认显示线程 -u 显示用户切换 -H pid 高亮指定进程及其前辈进程
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# pstree systemd─┬─NetworkManager───2*[{NetworkManager}] ├─VGAuthService ├─agetty ├─anacron ├─auditd───{auditd} ├─crond ├─dbus-daemon ├─polkitd───5*[{polkitd}] ├─rsyslogd───2*[{rsyslogd}] ├─sshd─┬─sshd───sshd───bash───pstree │ └─sshd───sshd───bash───vim ├─sssd─┬─sssd_be │ └─sssd_nss ├─systemd───(sd-pam) ├─systemd-journal ├─systemd-logind ├─systemd-udevd ├─tuned───3*[{tuned}] └─vmtoolsd───2*[{vmtoolsd}] [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -p systemd(1)─┬─NetworkManager(728)─┬─{NetworkManager}(756) │ └─{NetworkManager}(759) ├─VGAuthService(718) ├─agetty(855) ├─anacron(10005) ├─auditd(685)───{auditd}(686) ├─crond(843) ├─dbus-daemon(726) ├─polkitd(723)─┬─{polkitd}(751) │ ├─{polkitd}(768) │ ├─{polkitd}(776) │ ├─{polkitd}(777) │ └─{polkitd}(823) ├─rsyslogd(837)─┬─{rsyslogd}(850) │ └─{rsyslogd}(852) ├─sshd(765)─┬─sshd(9473)───sshd(9475)───bash(9476)───pstree(10012) │ └─sshd(9509)───sshd(9511)───bash(9512)───vim(9994) ├─sssd(721)─┬─sssd_be(773) │ └─sssd_nss(809) ├─systemd(1302)───(sd-pam)(1305) ├─systemd-journal(601) ├─systemd-logind(838) ├─systemd-udevd(635) ├─tuned(767)─┬─{tuned}(1143) │ ├─{tuned}(1158) │ └─{tuned}(1163) └─vmtoolsd(719)─┬─{vmtoolsd}(757) └─{vmtoolsd}(778) [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree 9512 bash───vim [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -p 9512 bash(9512)───vim(9994) [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -pH 9512 systemd(1)─┬─NetworkManager(728)─┬─{NetworkManager}(756) │ └─{NetworkManager}(759) ├─VGAuthService(718) ├─agetty(855) ├─anacron(10005) ├─auditd(685)───{auditd}(686) ├─crond(843) ├─dbus-daemon(726) ├─polkitd(723)─┬─{polkitd}(751) │ ├─{polkitd}(768) │ ├─{polkitd}(776) │ ├─{polkitd}(777) │ └─{polkitd}(823) ├─rsyslogd(837)─┬─{rsyslogd}(850) │ └─{rsyslogd}(852) ├─sshd(765)─┬─sshd(9473)───sshd(9475)───bash(9476)───pstree(10015) │ └─sshd(9509)───sshd(9511)───bash(9512)───vim(9994) ├─sssd(721)─┬─sssd_be(773) │ └─sssd_nss(809) ├─systemd(1302)───(sd-pam)(1305) ├─systemd-journal(601) ├─systemd-logind(838) ├─systemd-udevd(635) ├─tuned(767)─┬─{tuned}(1143) │ ├─{tuned}(1158) │ └─{tuned}(1163) └─vmtoolsd(719)─┬─{vmtoolsd}(757) └─{vmtoolsd}(778) #H 高亮显示 [root@rocky8 ~]# echo $BASHPID 9476 [root@rocky8 ~]# su - raymond Last login: Sun Oct 31 14:12:13 CST 2021 on pts/1 [raymond@rocky8 ~]$ #新开终端 [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -pu 9476 bash(9476)───su(10058)───bash(10059,raymond) #u 显示用户身份切换过程 [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -p |grep bash |-sshd(765)-+-sshd(9473)---sshd(9475)---bash(9476)---su(10058)---bash(10059) | `-sshd(9509)---sshd(9511)---bash(9512)-+-grep(10088)
范例:
[raymond@rocky8 ~]$ ping 172.31.0.7 PING 172.31.0.7 (172.31.0.7) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.31.0.7: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.867 ms 64 bytes from 172.31.0.7: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.509 ms [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree 1 systemd─┬─NetworkManager───2*[{NetworkManager}] ├─VGAuthService ├─agetty ├─anacron ├─auditd───{auditd} ├─crond ├─dbus-daemon ├─polkitd───5*[{polkitd}] ├─rsyslogd───2*[{rsyslogd}] ├─sshd─┬─sshd───sshd───bash───su───bash───ping │ └─sshd───sshd───bash───pstree ├─sssd─┬─sssd_be │ └─sssd_nss ├─systemd───(sd-pam) ├─systemd-journal ├─systemd-logind ├─systemd-udevd ├─tuned───3*[{tuned}] └─vmtoolsd───2*[{vmtoolsd}] [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree raymond bash───ping [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -T systemd─┬─NetworkManager ├─VGAuthService ├─agetty ├─anacron ├─auditd ├─crond ├─dbus-daemon ├─polkitd ├─rsyslogd ├─sshd─┬─sshd───sshd───bash───su───bash───ping │ └─sshd───sshd───bash───pstree ├─sssd─┬─sssd_be │ └─sssd_nss ├─systemd───(sd-pam) ├─systemd-journal ├─systemd-logind ├─systemd-udevd ├─tuned └─vmtoolsd [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -pT systemd(1)─┬─NetworkManager(728) ├─VGAuthService(718) ├─agetty(855) ├─anacron(10005) ├─auditd(685) ├─crond(843) ├─dbus-daemon(726) ├─polkitd(723) ├─rsyslogd(837) ├─sshd(765)─┬─sshd(9473)───sshd(9475)───bash(9476)───su(10092)───bash(10093)───ping(10123) │ └─sshd(9509)───sshd(9511)───bash(9512)───pstree(10127) ├─sssd(721)─┬─sssd_be(773) │ └─sssd_nss(809) ├─systemd(1302)───(sd-pam)(1305) ├─systemd-journal(601) ├─systemd-logind(838) ├─systemd-udevd(635) ├─tuned(767) └─vmtoolsd(719)
ps 即process state,可以进程当前状态的快照,默认显示当前终端中的进程,Linux系统各进程的相关信息均保存在/proc/PID目录下的各文件中
ps格式
ps [OPTION]...
支持三种选项:
常用选项:
a 选项包括所有终端中的进程 x 选项包括不链接终端的进程 u 选项显示进程所有者的信息 f 选项显示进程树,相当于 --forest k|--sort 属性 对属性排序,属性前加 - 表示倒序 o 属性… 选项显示定制的信息 pid、cmd、%cpu、%mem L 显示支持的属性列表 -C cmdlist 指定命令,多个命令用,分隔 -L 显示线程 -e 显示所有进程,相当于-A -f 显示完整格式程序信息 -F 显示更完整格式的进程信息 -H 以进程层级格式显示进程相关信息 -u userlist 指定有效的用户ID或名称 -U userlist 指定真正的用户ID或名称 -g gid或groupname 指定有效的gid或组名称 -G gid或groupname 指定真正的gid或组名称 -p pid 显示指pid的进程 --ppid pid 显示属于pid的子进程 -t ttylist 指定tty,相当于 t -M 显示SELinux信息,相当于Z
ps 输出属性
C : ps -ef 显示列 C 表示cpu利用率 VSZ: Virtual memory SiZe,虚拟内存集,线性内存 RSS: ReSident Size, 常驻内存集 STAT:进程状态 R:running S: interruptable sleeping D: uninterruptable sleeping T: stopped Z: zombie +: 前台进程 l: 多线程进程 L:内存分页并带锁 N:低优先级进程 <: 高优先级进程 s: session leader,会话(子进程)发起者 I:Idle kernel thread,新内核新特性 ni: nice值 pri: priority 优先级 rtprio: 实时优先级 psr: processor CPU编号
示例:
ps axo pid,cmd,psr,ni,pri,rtprio
常用组合:
aux -ef -eFH -eo pid,tid,class,rtprio,ni,pri,psr,pcpu,stat,comm axo stat,euid,ruid,tty,tpgid,sess,pgrp,ppid,pid,pcpu,comm
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# man ps PS(1) User Commands PS(1) NAME ps - report a snapshot of the current processes. SYNOPSIS ps [options] DESCRIPTION ps displays information about a selection of the active processes. If you want a repetitive update of the selection and the displayed information, use top(1) instead. This version of ps accepts several kinds of options: 1 UNIX options, which may be grouped and must be preceded by a dash. 2 BSD options, which may be grouped and must not be used with a dash. 3 GNU long options, which are preceded by two dashes. ... [root@rocky8 ~]# ps PID TTY TIME CMD 9512 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 10147 pts/0 00:00:00 ps #ps 默认显示当前窗口执行的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps aux |grep pts/0 root 9511 0.0 0.8 153404 6900 ? S 13:50 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 9512 0.0 0.5 26244 4016 pts/0 Ss 13:50 0:00 -bash root 10148 0.0 0.4 58728 3928 pts/0 R+ 14:26 0:00 ps aux root 10149 0.0 0.1 12136 1092 pts/0 S+ 14:26 0:00 grep --color=auto pts/0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps a PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 855 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux 9476 pts/1 Ss 0:00 -bash 9512 pts/0 Ss 0:00 -bash 10092 pts/1 S 0:00 su - raymond 10093 pts/1 S 0:00 -bash 10123 pts/1 S+ 0:00 ping 172.31.0.7 10150 pts/0 R+ 0:00 ps a #a 表示所有终端上相关进行运行的信息 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -a PID TTY TIME CMD 10092 pts/1 00:00:00 su 10093 pts/1 00:00:00 bash 10123 pts/1 00:00:00 ping 10151 pts/0 00:00:00 ps [root@rocky8 ~]# ps ax PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd] 3 ? I< 0:00 [rcu_gp] 4 ? I< 0:00 [rcu_par_gp] 6 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] 9 ? I< 0:00 [mm_percpu_wq] 10 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 11 ? R 0:00 [rcu_sched] 12 ? S 0:00 [migration/0] 13 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/0] 14 ? S 0:00 [cpuhp/0] 16 ? S 0:00 [kdevtmpfs] 17 ? I< 0:00 [netns] 18 ? S 0:00 [kauditd] 19 ? S 0:00 [khungtaskd] 20 ? S 0:00 [oom_reaper] 21 ? I< 0:00 [writeback] 22 ? S 0:00 [kcompactd0] 23 ? SN 0:00 [ksmd] 24 ? SN 0:00 [khugepaged] 25 ? I< 0:00 [crypto] 26 ? I< 0:00 [kintegrityd] 27 ? I< 0:00 [kblockd] 28 ? I< 0:00 [blkcg_punt_bio] 29 ? I< 0:00 [tpm_dev_wq] 30 ? I< 0:00 [md] 31 ? I< 0:00 [edac-poller] 32 ? S 0:00 [watchdogd] 33 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] 35 ? R 0:00 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbound] 61 ? S 0:00 [kswapd0] 154 ? I< 0:00 [kthrotld] 155 ? S 0:00 [irq/24-pciehp] 156 ? S 0:00 [irq/25-pciehp] 157 ? S 0:00 [irq/26-pciehp] 158 ? S 0:00 [irq/27-pciehp] 159 ? S 0:00 [irq/28-pciehp] 160 ? S 0:00 [irq/29-pciehp] 161 ? S 0:00 [irq/30-pciehp] 162 ? S 0:00 [irq/31-pciehp] 163 ? S 0:00 [irq/32-pciehp] 164 ? S 0:00 [irq/33-pciehp] 165 ? S 0:00 [irq/34-pciehp] 166 ? S 0:00 [irq/35-pciehp] 167 ? S 0:00 [irq/36-pciehp] 168 ? S 0:00 [irq/37-pciehp] 169 ? S 0:00 [irq/38-pciehp] 170 ? S 0:00 [irq/39-pciehp] 171 ? S 0:00 [irq/40-pciehp] 172 ? S 0:00 [irq/41-pciehp] 173 ? S 0:00 [irq/42-pciehp] 174 ? S 0:00 [irq/43-pciehp] 175 ? S 0:00 [irq/44-pciehp] 176 ? S 0:00 [irq/45-pciehp] 177 ? S 0:00 [irq/46-pciehp] 178 ? S 0:00 [irq/47-pciehp] 179 ? S 0:00 [irq/48-pciehp] 180 ? S 0:00 [irq/49-pciehp] 181 ? S 0:00 [irq/50-pciehp] 182 ? S 0:00 [irq/51-pciehp] 183 ? S 0:00 [irq/52-pciehp] 184 ? S 0:00 [irq/53-pciehp] 185 ? S 0:00 [irq/54-pciehp] 186 ? S 0:00 [irq/55-pciehp] 187 ? I< 0:00 [acpi_thermal_pm] 188 ? I< 0:00 [kmpath_rdacd] 189 ? I< 0:00 [kaluad] 190 ? I< 0:00 [ipv6_addrconf] 191 ? I< 0:00 [kstrp] 448 ? I< 0:00 [mpt_poll_0] 449 ? I< 0:00 [ata_sff] 450 ? I< 0:00 [mpt/0] 451 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_0] 452 ? I< 0:00 [scsi_tmf_0] 453 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_1] 454 ? I< 0:00 [scsi_tmf_1] 459 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_2] 460 ? I< 0:00 [scsi_tmf_2] 468 ? S 0:00 [irq/16-vmwgfx] 470 ? I< 0:00 [ttm_swap] 471 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc0] 472 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc1] 473 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc2] 474 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc3] 475 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc4] 476 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc5] 477 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc6] 478 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc7] 503 ? I< 0:00 [xfsalloc] 504 ? I< 0:00 [xfs_mru_cache] 505 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda2] 506 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda2] 507 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda2] 508 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 509 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 510 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-log/sda2] 511 ? S 0:00 [xfsaild/sda2] 601 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald 635 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd 639 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda3] 640 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda3] 641 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda1] 642 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda3] 643 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda1] 644 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 645 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda1] 646 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 647 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 648 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-log/sda3] 649 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 650 ? S 0:00 [xfsaild/sda3] 651 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-log/sda1] 652 ? S 0:00 [xfsaild/sda1] 685 ? S<sl 0:00 /sbin/auditd 718 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 719 ? Ssl 0:06 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 721 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files 723 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug 726 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation --syslog-only 728 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon 765 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes128-gcm@ 767 ? Ssl 0:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P 773 ? S 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 779 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 783 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 809 ? S 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 837 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 838 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind 843 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n 855 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux 1302 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user 1305 ? S 0:00 (sd-pam) 9473 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: root [priv] 9475 ? S 0:00 sshd: root@pts/1 9476 pts/1 Ss 0:00 -bash 9509 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: root [priv] 9511 ? S 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0 9512 pts/0 Ss 0:00 -bash 9556 ? I 0:00 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] 9993 ? I 0:03 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] 10005 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s 10092 pts/1 S 0:00 su - raymond 10093 pts/1 S 0:00 -bash 10123 pts/1 S+ 0:00 ping 172.31.0.7 10128 ? I 0:00 [kworker/0:1-xfs-buf/sda2] 10152 ? I 0:00 [kworker/0:0-events] 10153 pts/0 R+ 0:00 ps ax #x 显示所有和终端无关的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps x|wc -l 145 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps ax|wc -l 149 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps aux|wc -l 149 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axu USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 1.4 183604 11400 ? Ss 13:03 0:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [rcu_gp] root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [rcu_par_gp] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [mm_percpu_wq] root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 13:03 0:00 [rcu_sched] root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [migration/0] root 13 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [watchdog/0] root 14 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [cpuhp/0] root 16 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kdevtmpfs] root 17 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [netns] root 18 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kauditd] root 19 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [khungtaskd] root 20 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [oom_reaper] root 21 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [writeback] root 22 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kcompactd0] root 23 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 13:03 0:00 [ksmd] root 24 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 13:03 0:00 [khugepaged] root 25 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [crypto] root 26 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kintegrityd] root 27 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kblockd] root 28 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [blkcg_punt_bio] root 29 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [tpm_dev_wq] root 30 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [md] root 31 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [edac-poller] root 32 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [watchdogd] root 33 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] root 35 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? R 13:03 0:00 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbound] root 61 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kswapd0] root 154 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kthrotld] root 155 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/24-pciehp] root 156 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/25-pciehp] root 157 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/26-pciehp] root 158 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/27-pciehp] root 159 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/28-pciehp] root 160 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/29-pciehp] root 161 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/30-pciehp] root 162 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/31-pciehp] root 163 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/32-pciehp] root 164 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/33-pciehp] root 165 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/34-pciehp] root 166 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/35-pciehp] root 167 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/36-pciehp] root 168 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/37-pciehp] root 169 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/38-pciehp] root 170 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/39-pciehp] root 171 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/40-pciehp] root 172 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/41-pciehp] root 173 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/42-pciehp] root 174 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/43-pciehp] root 175 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/44-pciehp] root 176 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/45-pciehp] root 177 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/46-pciehp] root 178 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/47-pciehp] root 179 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/48-pciehp] root 180 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/49-pciehp] root 181 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/50-pciehp] root 182 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/51-pciehp] root 183 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/52-pciehp] root 184 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/53-pciehp] root 185 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/54-pciehp] root 186 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/55-pciehp] root 187 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [acpi_thermal_pm] root 188 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kmpath_rdacd] root 189 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kaluad] root 190 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ipv6_addrconf] root 191 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kstrp] root 448 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [mpt_poll_0] root 449 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ata_sff] root 450 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [mpt/0] root 451 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [scsi_eh_0] root 452 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [scsi_tmf_0] root 453 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [scsi_eh_1] root 454 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [scsi_tmf_1] root 459 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [scsi_eh_2] root 460 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [scsi_tmf_2] root 468 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/16-vmwgfx] root 470 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ttm_swap] root 471 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc0] root 472 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc1] root 473 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc2] root 474 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc3] root 475 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc4] root 476 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc5] root 477 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc6] root 478 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc7] root 503 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfsalloc] root 504 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs_mru_cache] root 505 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda2] root 506 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda2] root 507 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda2] root 508 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 509 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 510 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-log/sda2] root 511 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [xfsaild/sda2] root 601 0.0 1.1 97744 9268 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald root 635 0.0 1.2 124580 10004 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd root 639 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda3] root 640 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda3] root 641 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda1] root 642 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda3] root 643 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda1] root 644 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 645 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda1] root 646 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 647 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 648 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-log/sda3] root 649 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 650 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [xfsaild/sda3] root 651 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-log/sda1] root 652 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [xfsaild/sda1] root 685 0.0 0.3 67960 2656 ? S<sl 13:03 0:00 /sbin/auditd root 718 0.0 1.4 86200 11416 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s root 719 0.1 1.2 278328 10044 ? Ssl 13:03 0:06 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd root 721 0.0 1.7 216924 14320 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files polkitd 723 0.0 3.0 1630348 24108 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug dbus 726 0.0 0.6 76628 5504 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --syst root 728 0.0 2.2 391536 18224 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon root 765 0.0 1.0 94444 8036 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh root 767 0.0 3.7 414624 30244 ? Ssl 13:03 0:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P root 773 0.0 1.8 225680 15080 ? S 13:03 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=f root 779 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] root 783 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] root 809 0.0 5.1 226992 40888 ? S 13:03 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files root 837 0.0 0.6 215336 5328 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n root 838 0.0 1.0 103976 8328 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind root 843 0.0 0.4 36956 3604 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n root 855 0.0 0.2 13656 1724 tty1 Ss+ 13:03 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux root 1302 0.0 1.2 100692 9904 ? Ss 13:04 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user root 1305 0.0 0.3 238892 2588 ? S 13:04 0:00 (sd-pam) root 9473 0.0 1.1 139184 9436 ? Ss 13:47 0:00 sshd: root [priv] root 9475 0.0 0.8 153404 6828 ? S 13:47 0:00 sshd: root@pts/1 root 9476 0.0 0.4 26244 3832 pts/1 Ss 13:47 0:00 -bash root 9509 0.0 1.0 139184 8756 ? Ss 13:50 0:00 sshd: root [priv] root 9511 0.0 0.8 153404 6900 ? S 13:50 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 9512 0.0 0.5 26244 4016 pts/0 Ss 13:50 0:00 -bash root 9556 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:00 0:00 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] root 9993 0.1 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:00 0:03 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] root 10005 0.0 0.2 22764 2036 ? Ss 14:01 0:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s root 10092 0.0 0.7 127212 6112 pts/1 S 14:16 0:00 su - raymond raymond 10093 0.0 0.4 24120 3912 pts/1 S 14:16 0:00 -bash raymond 10123 0.0 0.3 32448 2448 pts/1 S+ 14:16 0:00 ping 172.31.0.7 root 10128 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:21 0:00 [kworker/0:1-xfs-buf/sda2] root 10152 0.1 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:27 0:00 [kworker/0:0-events] root 10160 0.0 0.4 58728 3984 pts/0 R+ 14:28 0:00 ps axu #u 显示更加详细的进程信息 # USER 用户信息 PID 进程ID %CPU CPU使用率 %MEM 内存使用率 VSZ 虚拟内存使用率(操作系统承诺分配内存大小) RSS 实际物理内存使用率(实际使用物理内存大小) TTY 终端 STAT 状态 START 什么时候启动的 TIME 累计占用系统的时间 COMMAND 执行的命令 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -ef |wc -l 149 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 1 0 0 13:03 ? 00:00:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 root 2 0 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kthreadd] root 3 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_gp] root 4 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_par_gp] root 6 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] root 9 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [mm_percpu_wq] root 10 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ksoftirqd/0] root 11 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_sched] root 12 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [migration/0] root 13 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [watchdog/0] root 14 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [cpuhp/0] root 16 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kdevtmpfs] root 17 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [netns] root 18 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kauditd] root 19 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [khungtaskd] root 20 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [oom_reaper] root 21 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [writeback] root 22 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kcompactd0] root 23 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ksmd] root 24 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [khugepaged] root 25 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [crypto] root 26 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kintegrityd] root 27 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kblockd] root 28 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [blkcg_punt_bio] root 29 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [tpm_dev_wq] root 30 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [md] root 31 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [edac-poller] root 32 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [watchdogd] root 33 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] root 35 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbound] root 61 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kswapd0] root 154 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kthrotld] root 155 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/24-pciehp] root 156 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/25-pciehp] root 157 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/26-pciehp] root 158 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/27-pciehp] root 159 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/28-pciehp] root 160 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/29-pciehp] root 161 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/30-pciehp] root 162 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/31-pciehp] root 163 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/32-pciehp] root 164 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/33-pciehp] root 165 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/34-pciehp] root 166 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/35-pciehp] root 167 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/36-pciehp] root 168 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/37-pciehp] root 169 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/38-pciehp] root 170 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/39-pciehp] root 171 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/40-pciehp] root 172 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/41-pciehp] root 173 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/42-pciehp] root 174 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/43-pciehp] root 175 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/44-pciehp] root 176 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/45-pciehp] root 177 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/46-pciehp] root 178 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/47-pciehp] root 179 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/48-pciehp] root 180 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/49-pciehp] root 181 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/50-pciehp] root 182 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/51-pciehp] root 183 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/52-pciehp] root 184 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/53-pciehp] root 185 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/54-pciehp] root 186 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/55-pciehp] root 187 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [acpi_thermal_pm] root 188 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kmpath_rdacd] root 189 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kaluad] root 190 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ipv6_addrconf] root 191 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kstrp] root 448 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [mpt_poll_0] root 449 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ata_sff] root 450 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [mpt/0] root 451 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_eh_0] root 452 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_0] root 453 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_eh_1] root 454 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_1] root 459 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_eh_2] root 460 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_2] root 468 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/16-vmwgfx] root 470 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ttm_swap] root 471 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc0] root 472 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc1] root 473 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc2] root 474 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc3] root 475 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc4] root 476 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc5] root 477 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc6] root 478 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc7] root 503 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsalloc] root 504 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs_mru_cache] root 505 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-buf/sda2] root 506 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-conv/sda2] root 507 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda2] root 508 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 509 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 510 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda2] root 511 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsaild/sda2] root 601 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald root 635 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd root 639 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-buf/sda3] root 640 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-conv/sda3] root 641 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-buf/sda1] root 642 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda3] root 643 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-conv/sda1] root 644 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 645 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda1] root 646 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 647 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 648 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda3] root 649 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 650 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsaild/sda3] root 651 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda1] root 652 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsaild/sda1] root 685 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/auditd root 718 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s root 719 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:06 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd root 721 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files polkitd 723 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug dbus 726 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation root 728 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon root 765 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr root 767 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P root 773 721 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files root 779 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] root 783 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] root 809 721 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files root 837 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n root 838 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind root 843 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n root 855 1 0 13:03 tty1 00:00:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux root 1302 1 0 13:04 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user root 1305 1302 0 13:04 ? 00:00:00 (sd-pam) root 9473 765 0 13:47 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 9475 9473 0 13:47 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/1 root 9476 9475 0 13:47 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash root 9509 765 0 13:50 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 9511 9509 0 13:50 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 9512 9511 0 13:50 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash root 9556 2 0 14:00 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] root 9993 2 0 14:00 ? 00:00:03 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] root 10005 1 0 14:01 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s root 10092 9476 0 14:16 pts/1 00:00:00 su - raymond raymond 10093 10092 0 14:16 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash raymond 10123 10093 0 14:16 pts/1 00:00:00 ping 172.31.0.7 root 10128 2 0 14:21 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:1-xfs-buf/sda2] root 10152 2 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0-mm_percpu_wq] root 10163 9512 0 14:30 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef # ps -ef UNIX风格
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null [root@rocky8 ~]# ps aux |grep dd root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kthreadd] root 190 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ipv6_addrconf] dbus 726 0.0 0.6 76628 5504 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation --syslog-only root 10164 100 0.1 7352 948 pts/0 R+ 14:31 0:32 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null root 10166 0.0 0.1 12136 1120 pts/1 R+ 14:31 0:00 grep --color=auto dd [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem |grep dd 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 99.5 0.1 10168 grep --color=auto dd 0.0 0.1 #o 指定显示特定的字段 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k %cpu|grep dd 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 10170 grep --color=auto dd 0.0 0.1 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 100 0.1 #k 指定排序方式 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k -%cpu|grep dd 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 99.7 0.1 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 10175 grep --color=auto dd 0.0 0.1 #倒序。加- [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k -%mem PID CMD %CPU %MEM 809 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 0.0 5.1 767 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 0.0 3.7 723 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 0.0 3.0 728 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 0.0 2.2 773 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 0.0 1.8 721 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 0.0 1.7 718 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 0.0 1.4 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 635 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-ud 0.0 1.2 1302 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.2 9473 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.1 601 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-jo 0.0 1.1 9509 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 838 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-lo 0.0 1.0 765 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers 0.0 1.0 9511 sshd: root@pts/0 0.0 0.8 9475 sshd: root@pts/1 0.0 0.8 726 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --syst 0.0 0.6 837 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 0.0 0.6 9512 -bash 0.0 0.5 9476 -bash 0.0 0.4 10176 ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k 0.0 0.4 843 /usr/sbin/crond -n 0.0 0.4 685 /sbin/auditd 0.0 0.3 1305 (sd-pam) 0.0 0.3 10005 /usr/sbin/anacron -s 0.0 0.2 855 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u -- 0.0 0.2 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 99.3 0.1 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 9 [mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 10 [ksoftirqd/0] 0.0 0.0 11 [rcu_sched] 0.0 0.0 12 [migration/0] 0.0 0.0 13 [watchdog/0] 0.0 0.0 14 [cpuhp/0] 0.0 0.0 16 [kdevtmpfs] 0.0 0.0 17 [netns] 0.0 0.0 18 [kauditd] 0.0 0.0 19 [khungtaskd] 0.0 0.0 20 [oom_reaper] 0.0 0.0 21 [writeback] 0.0 0.0 22 [kcompactd0] 0.0 0.0 23 [ksmd] 0.0 0.0 24 [khugepaged] 0.0 0.0 25 [crypto] 0.0 0.0 26 [kintegrityd] 0.0 0.0 27 [kblockd] 0.0 0.0 28 [blkcg_punt_bio] 0.0 0.0 29 [tpm_dev_wq] 0.0 0.0 30 [md] 0.0 0.0 31 [edac-poller] 0.0 0.0 32 [watchdogd] 0.0 0.0 33 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] 0.0 0.0 35 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbo 0.0 0.0 61 [kswapd0] 0.0 0.0 154 [kthrotld] 0.0 0.0 155 [irq/24-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 156 [irq/25-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 157 [irq/26-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 158 [irq/27-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 159 [irq/28-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 160 [irq/29-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 161 [irq/30-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 162 [irq/31-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 163 [irq/32-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 164 [irq/33-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 165 [irq/34-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 166 [irq/35-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 167 [irq/36-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 168 [irq/37-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 169 [irq/38-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 170 [irq/39-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 171 [irq/40-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 172 [irq/41-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 173 [irq/42-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 174 [irq/43-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 175 [irq/44-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 176 [irq/45-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 177 [irq/46-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 178 [irq/47-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 179 [irq/48-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 180 [irq/49-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 181 [irq/50-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 182 [irq/51-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 183 [irq/52-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 184 [irq/53-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 185 [irq/54-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 186 [irq/55-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 187 [acpi_thermal_pm] 0.0 0.0 188 [kmpath_rdacd] 0.0 0.0 189 [kaluad] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 191 [kstrp] 0.0 0.0 448 [mpt_poll_0] 0.0 0.0 449 [ata_sff] 0.0 0.0 450 [mpt/0] 0.0 0.0 451 [scsi_eh_0] 0.0 0.0 452 [scsi_tmf_0] 0.0 0.0 453 [scsi_eh_1] 0.0 0.0 454 [scsi_tmf_1] 0.0 0.0 459 [scsi_eh_2] 0.0 0.0 460 [scsi_tmf_2] 0.0 0.0 468 [irq/16-vmwgfx] 0.0 0.0 470 [ttm_swap] 0.0 0.0 471 [card0-crtc0] 0.0 0.0 472 [card0-crtc1] 0.0 0.0 473 [card0-crtc2] 0.0 0.0 474 [card0-crtc3] 0.0 0.0 475 [card0-crtc4] 0.0 0.0 476 [card0-crtc5] 0.0 0.0 477 [card0-crtc6] 0.0 0.0 478 [card0-crtc7] 0.0 0.0 503 [xfsalloc] 0.0 0.0 504 [xfs_mru_cache] 0.0 0.0 505 [xfs-buf/sda2] 0.0 0.0 506 [xfs-conv/sda2] 0.0 0.0 507 [xfs-cil/sda2] 0.0 0.0 508 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 509 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 510 [xfs-log/sda2] 0.0 0.0 511 [xfsaild/sda2] 0.0 0.0 639 [xfs-buf/sda3] 0.0 0.0 640 [xfs-conv/sda3] 0.0 0.0 641 [xfs-buf/sda1] 0.0 0.0 642 [xfs-cil/sda3] 0.0 0.0 643 [xfs-conv/sda1] 0.0 0.0 644 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 645 [xfs-cil/sda1] 0.0 0.0 646 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 647 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 648 [xfs-log/sda3] 0.0 0.0 649 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 650 [xfsaild/sda3] 0.0 0.0 651 [xfs-log/sda1] 0.0 0.0 652 [xfsaild/sda1] 0.0 0.0 779 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 0.0 0.0 783 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 0.0 0.0 9556 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbo 0.0 0.0 9993 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] 0.1 0.0 10152 [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 0.1 0.0 10171 [kworker/0:1-events] 0.0 0.0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k -%cpu |head PID CMD %CPU %MEM 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 99.0 0.1 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 9993 [kworker/0:3-events_power_e 0.1 0.0 10152 [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 0.1 0.0 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem --sort -%cpu |head PID CMD %CPU %MEM 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 99.2 0.1 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 9993 [kworker/0:3-events] 0.1 0.0 10152 [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 0.1 0.0 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 #k 和—sort 一样都是排序 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem,psr --sort -%cpu |head PID CMD %CPU %MEM PSR 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 99.2 0.1 0 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 0 9993 [kworker/0:3-events] 0.1 0.0 0 10152 [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 0.1 0.0 0 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 0 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 0 #psr 可以显示运行在哪个CPU #添加一个cpu内核 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem,psr|grep dd 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 0 10381 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 111 0.1 0 10387 grep --color=auto dd 0.0 0.1 0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ping -f 127.0.0.1 PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem,psr|grep dd 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 0 10164 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 93.0 0.1 1 #现在切换到1号CPU 10213 grep --color=auto dd 0.0 0.1 0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps auxf |grep bash root 10189 0.0 0.4 26244 3884 pts/2 Ss 14:35 0:00 | \_ -bash root 10531 0.0 0.1 12136 1156 pts/2 S+ 14:42 0:00 | \_ grep --color=auto bash root 10452 0.0 0.4 26244 3976 pts/1 Ss 14:41 0:00 | \_ -bash root 10484 0.0 0.4 26244 3732 pts/0 Ss 14:41 0:00 \_ -bash #f 可以显示进程父子关系 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k -%cpu|head PID CMD %CPU %MEM 10507 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 96.1 0.1 10518 ping -f 127.0.0.1 65.7 0.2 10451 sshd: root@pts/1 3.7 0.8 10216 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbo 0.3 0.0 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 9993 [kworker/0:3-events_power_e 0.1 0.0 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem,psr k -%cpu|head PID CMD %CPU %MEM PSR 10507 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 95.6 0.1 0 10518 ping -f 127.0.0.1 65.5 0.2 1 10451 sshd: root@pts/1 3.8 0.8 1 10216 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbo 0.3 0.0 0 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 0 9993 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] 0.1 0.0 0 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 1 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 0
范例:查看进程详细信息
[root@rocky8 ~]# ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 1 0 0 13:03 ? 00:00:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 root 2 0 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kthreadd] root 3 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_gp] root 4 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_par_gp] root 6 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] root 9 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [mm_percpu_wq] root 10 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ksoftirqd/0] root 11 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [rcu_sched] root 12 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [migration/0] root 13 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [watchdog/0] root 14 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [cpuhp/0] root 16 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kdevtmpfs] root 17 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [netns] root 18 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kauditd] root 19 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [khungtaskd] root 20 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [oom_reaper] root 21 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [writeback] root 22 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kcompactd0] root 23 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ksmd] root 24 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [khugepaged] root 25 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [crypto] root 26 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kintegrityd] root 27 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kblockd] root 28 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [blkcg_punt_bio] root 29 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [tpm_dev_wq] root 30 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [md] root 31 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [edac-poller] root 32 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [watchdogd] root 33 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] root 61 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kswapd0] root 154 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kthrotld] root 155 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/24-pciehp] root 156 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/25-pciehp] root 157 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/26-pciehp] root 158 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/27-pciehp] root 159 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/28-pciehp] root 160 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/29-pciehp] root 161 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/30-pciehp] root 162 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/31-pciehp] root 163 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/32-pciehp] root 164 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/33-pciehp] root 165 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/34-pciehp] root 166 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/35-pciehp] root 167 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/36-pciehp] root 168 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/37-pciehp] root 169 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/38-pciehp] root 170 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/39-pciehp] root 171 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/40-pciehp] root 172 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/41-pciehp] root 173 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/42-pciehp] root 174 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/43-pciehp] root 175 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/44-pciehp] root 176 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/45-pciehp] root 177 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/46-pciehp] root 178 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/47-pciehp] root 179 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/48-pciehp] root 180 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/49-pciehp] root 181 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/50-pciehp] root 182 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/51-pciehp] root 183 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/52-pciehp] root 184 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/53-pciehp] root 185 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/54-pciehp] root 186 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/55-pciehp] root 187 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [acpi_thermal_pm] root 188 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kmpath_rdacd] root 189 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kaluad] root 190 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ipv6_addrconf] root 191 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [kstrp] root 448 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [mpt_poll_0] root 449 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ata_sff] root 450 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [mpt/0] root 451 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_eh_0] root 452 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_0] root 453 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_eh_1] root 454 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_1] root 459 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_eh_2] root 460 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [scsi_tmf_2] root 468 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [irq/16-vmwgfx] root 470 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [ttm_swap] root 471 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc0] root 472 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc1] root 473 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc2] root 474 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc3] root 475 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc4] root 476 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc5] root 477 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc6] root 478 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [card0-crtc7] root 503 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsalloc] root 504 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs_mru_cache] root 505 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-buf/sda2] root 506 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-conv/sda2] root 507 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda2] root 508 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 509 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 510 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda2] root 511 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsaild/sda2] root 601 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald root 635 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd root 639 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-buf/sda3] root 640 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-conv/sda3] root 641 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-buf/sda1] root 642 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda3] root 643 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-conv/sda1] root 644 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 645 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-cil/sda1] root 646 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 647 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 648 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda3] root 649 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 650 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsaild/sda3] root 651 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfs-log/sda1] root 652 2 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 [xfsaild/sda1] root 685 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/auditd root 718 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s root 719 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:07 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd root 721 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files polkitd 723 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug dbus 726 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation root 728 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon root 765 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr root 767 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P root 773 721 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files root 809 721 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files root 837 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n root 838 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind root 843 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n root 855 1 0 13:03 tty1 00:00:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux root 1302 1 0 13:04 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user root 1305 1302 0 13:04 ? 00:00:00 (sd-pam) root 9556 2 0 14:00 ? 00:00:02 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] root 9993 2 0 14:00 ? 00:00:03 [kworker/0:3-events] root 10005 1 0 14:01 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s root 10152 2 0 14:27 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:0-events_freezable_power_] root 10186 765 0 14:35 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10188 10186 0 14:35 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/2 root 10189 10188 0 14:35 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash root 10216 2 0 14:36 ? 00:00:01 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbound] root 10224 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [cpuhp/1] root 10225 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [watchdog/1] root 10226 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [migration/1] root 10227 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [ksoftirqd/1] root 10228 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/1:0-mm_percpu_wq] root 10229 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpri] root 10239 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] root 10246 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] root 10247 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] root 10347 2 0 14:37 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy] root 10449 765 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10451 10449 4 14:41 ? 00:00:19 sshd: root@pts/1 root 10452 10451 0 14:41 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash root 10481 765 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10483 10481 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 10484 10483 0 14:41 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash root 10507 10484 95 14:41 pts/0 00:05:46 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null root 10518 10452 65 14:41 pts/1 00:03:50 ping -f 127.0.0.1 root 10536 2 0 14:46 ? 00:00:00 [kworker/0:1-events] root 10537 10189 0 14:47 pts/2 00:00:00 ps -ef [root@rocky8 ~]# ps aux USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 1.4 183736 11408 ? Ss 13:03 0:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [rcu_gp] root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [rcu_par_gp] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [mm_percpu_wq] root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 13:03 0:00 [rcu_sched] root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [migration/0] root 13 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [watchdog/0] root 14 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [cpuhp/0] root 16 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kdevtmpfs] root 17 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [netns] root 18 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kauditd] root 19 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [khungtaskd] root 20 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [oom_reaper] root 21 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [writeback] root 22 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kcompactd0] root 23 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 13:03 0:00 [ksmd] root 24 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 13:03 0:00 [khugepaged] root 25 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [crypto] root 26 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kintegrityd] root 27 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kblockd] root 28 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [blkcg_punt_bio] root 29 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [tpm_dev_wq] root 30 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [md] root 31 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [edac-poller] root 32 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [watchdogd] root 33 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] root 61 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kswapd0] root 154 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kthrotld] root 155 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/24-pciehp] root 156 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/25-pciehp] root 157 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/26-pciehp] root 158 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/27-pciehp] root 159 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/28-pciehp] root 160 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/29-pciehp] root 161 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/30-pciehp] root 162 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/31-pciehp] root 163 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/32-pciehp] root 164 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/33-pciehp] root 165 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/34-pciehp] root 166 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/35-pciehp] root 167 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/36-pciehp] root 168 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/37-pciehp] root 169 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/38-pciehp] root 170 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/39-pciehp] root 171 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/40-pciehp] root 172 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/41-pciehp] root 173 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/42-pciehp] root 174 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/43-pciehp] root 175 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/44-pciehp] root 176 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/45-pciehp] root 177 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/46-pciehp] root 178 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/47-pciehp] root 179 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/48-pciehp] root 180 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/49-pciehp] root 181 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/50-pciehp] root 182 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/51-pciehp] root 183 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/52-pciehp] root 184 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/53-pciehp] root 185 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/54-pciehp] root 186 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/55-pciehp] root 187 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [acpi_thermal_pm] root 188 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kmpath_rdacd] root 189 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kaluad] root 190 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ipv6_addrconf] root 191 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [kstrp] root 448 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [mpt_poll_0] root 449 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ata_sff] root 450 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [mpt/0] root 451 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [scsi_eh_0] root 452 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [scsi_tmf_0] root 453 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [scsi_eh_1] root 454 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [scsi_tmf_1] root 459 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [scsi_eh_2] root 460 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [scsi_tmf_2] root 468 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [irq/16-vmwgfx] root 470 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [ttm_swap] root 471 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc0] root 472 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc1] root 473 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc2] root 474 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc3] root 475 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc4] root 476 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc5] root 477 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc6] root 478 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [card0-crtc7] root 503 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfsalloc] root 504 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs_mru_cache] root 505 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda2] root 506 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda2] root 507 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda2] root 508 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 509 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 510 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-log/sda2] root 511 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [xfsaild/sda2] root 601 0.0 1.1 97728 9320 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald root 635 0.0 1.2 124580 10004 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd root 639 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda3] root 640 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda3] root 641 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda1] root 642 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda3] root 643 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda1] root 644 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 645 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda1] root 646 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 647 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 648 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-log/sda3] root 649 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 650 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [xfsaild/sda3] root 651 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 [xfs-log/sda1] root 652 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [xfsaild/sda1] root 685 0.0 0.3 67960 2656 ? S<sl 13:03 0:00 /sbin/auditd root 718 0.0 1.4 86200 11416 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s root 719 0.1 1.2 278328 10044 ? Ssl 13:03 0:07 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd root 721 0.0 1.7 216924 14320 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files polkitd 723 0.0 3.0 1630348 24108 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug dbus 726 0.0 0.6 76628 5504 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --syst root 728 0.0 2.2 391536 18224 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon root 765 0.0 1.0 94444 8036 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh root 767 0.0 3.7 414624 30244 ? Ssl 13:03 0:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P root 773 0.0 1.8 225680 15080 ? S 13:03 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=f root 809 0.0 5.1 226992 40968 ? S 13:03 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files root 837 0.0 0.6 215336 5328 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n root 838 0.0 1.0 103976 8212 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind root 843 0.0 0.4 36956 3604 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n root 855 0.0 0.2 13656 1724 tty1 Ss+ 13:03 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux root 1302 0.0 1.2 100692 9904 ? Ss 13:04 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user root 1305 0.0 0.3 238892 2588 ? S 13:04 0:00 (sd-pam) root 9556 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? R 14:00 0:02 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] root 9993 0.1 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:00 0:03 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] root 10005 0.0 0.3 36020 2844 ? Ss 14:01 0:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s root 10152 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:27 0:00 [kworker/0:0-events_freezable_power_] root 10186 0.0 1.0 139184 8668 ? Ss 14:35 0:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10188 0.0 0.8 153404 7084 ? S 14:35 0:00 sshd: root@pts/2 root 10189 0.0 0.4 26244 3884 pts/2 Ss 14:35 0:00 -bash root 10216 0.2 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:36 0:01 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbound] root 10224 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 [cpuhp/1] root 10225 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 [watchdog/1] root 10226 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 [migration/1] root 10227 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 [ksoftirqd/1] root 10228 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:37 0:00 [kworker/1:0-events] root 10229 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpri] root 10239 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] root 10246 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] root 10247 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] root 10347 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:37 0:00 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy] root 10449 0.0 1.0 139184 8808 ? Ss 14:41 0:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10451 4.9 0.8 153404 7068 ? S 14:41 0:19 sshd: root@pts/1 root 10452 0.0 0.4 26244 3976 pts/1 Ss 14:41 0:00 -bash root 10481 0.0 1.0 139184 8740 ? Ss 14:41 0:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10483 0.0 0.8 153404 7032 ? S 14:41 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 10484 0.0 0.4 26244 3732 pts/0 Ss 14:41 0:00 -bash root 10507 95.3 0.1 7352 980 pts/0 R+ 14:41 5:50 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null root 10518 65.2 0.2 32448 2252 pts/1 R+ 14:41 3:52 ping -f 127.0.0.1 root 10536 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:46 0:00 [kworker/0:1-events] root 10538 0.0 0.4 58728 4000 pts/2 R+ 14:47 0:00 ps aux
范例:
#查看进程的父子关系 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps auxf USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 [kthreadd] root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [rcu_gp] root 4 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [rcu_par_gp] root 6 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] root 9 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [mm_percpu_wq] root 10 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [ksoftirqd/0] root 11 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 13:03 0:00 \_ [rcu_sched] root 12 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [migration/0] root 13 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [watchdog/0] root 14 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [cpuhp/0] root 16 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [kdevtmpfs] root 17 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [netns] root 18 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [kauditd] root 19 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [khungtaskd] root 20 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [oom_reaper] root 21 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [writeback] root 22 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [kcompactd0] root 23 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 13:03 0:00 \_ [ksmd] root 24 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? SN 13:03 0:00 \_ [khugepaged] root 25 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [crypto] root 26 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kintegrityd] root 27 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kblockd] root 28 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [blkcg_punt_bio] root 29 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [tpm_dev_wq] root 30 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [md] root 31 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [edac-poller] root 32 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [watchdogd] root 33 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] root 61 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [kswapd0] root 154 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kthrotld] root 155 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/24-pciehp] root 156 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/25-pciehp] root 157 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/26-pciehp] root 158 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/27-pciehp] root 159 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/28-pciehp] root 160 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/29-pciehp] root 161 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/30-pciehp] root 162 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/31-pciehp] root 163 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/32-pciehp] root 164 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/33-pciehp] root 165 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/34-pciehp] root 166 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/35-pciehp] root 167 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/36-pciehp] root 168 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/37-pciehp] root 169 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/38-pciehp] root 170 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/39-pciehp] root 171 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/40-pciehp] root 172 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/41-pciehp] root 173 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/42-pciehp] root 174 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/43-pciehp] root 175 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/44-pciehp] root 176 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/45-pciehp] root 177 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/46-pciehp] root 178 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/47-pciehp] root 179 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/48-pciehp] root 180 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/49-pciehp] root 181 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/50-pciehp] root 182 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/51-pciehp] root 183 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/52-pciehp] root 184 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/53-pciehp] root 185 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/54-pciehp] root 186 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/55-pciehp] root 187 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [acpi_thermal_pm] root 188 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kmpath_rdacd] root 189 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kaluad] root 190 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [ipv6_addrconf] root 191 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [kstrp] root 448 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [mpt_poll_0] root 449 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [ata_sff] root 450 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [mpt/0] root 451 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_0] root 452 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [scsi_tmf_0] root 453 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_1] root 454 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [scsi_tmf_1] root 459 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [scsi_eh_2] root 460 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [scsi_tmf_2] root 468 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [irq/16-vmwgfx] root 470 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [ttm_swap] root 471 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc0] root 472 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc1] root 473 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc2] root 474 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc3] root 475 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc4] root 476 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc5] root 477 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc6] root 478 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [card0-crtc7] root 503 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfsalloc] root 504 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs_mru_cache] root 505 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-buf/sda2] root 506 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-conv/sda2] root 507 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-cil/sda2] root 508 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 509 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 510 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-log/sda2] root 511 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfsaild/sda2] root 639 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-buf/sda3] root 640 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-conv/sda3] root 641 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-buf/sda1] root 642 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-cil/sda3] root 643 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-conv/sda1] root 644 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 645 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-cil/sda1] root 646 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 647 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-reclaim/sda] root 648 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-log/sda3] root 649 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-eofblocks/s] root 650 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfsaild/sda3] root 651 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfs-log/sda1] root 652 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ [xfsaild/sda1] root 9556 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? R 14:00 0:02 \_ [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] root 9993 0.1 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:00 0:03 \_ [kworker/0:3-events] root 10152 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:27 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:0-events_freezable_power_] root 10216 0.2 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:36 0:01 \_ [kworker/u256:2-events_unbound] root 10224 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 \_ [cpuhp/1] root 10225 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 \_ [watchdog/1] root 10226 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 \_ [migration/1] root 10227 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? S 14:37 0:00 \_ [ksoftirqd/1] root 10228 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:37 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:0-events] root 10229 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:0H-events_highpri] root 10239 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] root 10246 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 \_ [kworker/u257:0-hci0] root 10247 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I< 14:37 0:00 \_ [kworker/u257:1-hci0] root 10347 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:37 0:00 \_ [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy] root 10536 0.0 0.0 0 0 ? I 14:46 0:00 \_ [kworker/0:1-ata_sff] root 10539 0.2 0.0 0 0 ? R 14:47 0:00 \_ [kworker/u256:1-events_unbound] root 1 0.0 1.4 183736 11408 ? Ss 13:03 0:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 root 601 0.0 1.1 97728 9320 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald root 635 0.0 1.2 124580 10004 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd root 685 0.0 0.3 67960 2656 ? S<sl 13:03 0:00 /sbin/auditd root 718 0.0 1.4 86200 11416 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s root 719 0.1 1.2 278328 10044 ? Ssl 13:03 0:07 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd root 721 0.0 1.7 216924 14320 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files root 773 0.0 1.8 225680 15080 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logg root 809 0.0 5.1 226992 40968 ? S 13:03 0:00 \_ /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files polkitd 723 0.0 3.0 1630348 24108 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug dbus 726 0.0 0.6 76628 5504 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --syst root 728 0.0 2.2 391536 18224 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon root 765 0.0 1.0 94444 8036 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh root 10186 0.0 1.0 139184 8668 ? Ss 14:35 0:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10188 0.0 0.8 153404 7084 ? S 14:35 0:00 | \_ sshd: root@pts/2 root 10189 0.0 0.4 26244 3884 pts/2 Ss 14:35 0:00 | \_ -bash root 10540 0.0 0.4 58892 3952 pts/2 R+ 14:48 0:00 | \_ ps auxf root 10449 0.0 1.0 139184 8808 ? Ss 14:41 0:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10451 5.0 0.8 153404 7068 ? R 14:41 0:22 | \_ sshd: root@pts/1 root 10452 0.0 0.4 26244 3976 pts/1 Ss 14:41 0:00 | \_ -bash root 10518 65.3 0.2 32448 2252 pts/1 R+ 14:41 4:27 | \_ ping -f 127.0.0.1 root 10481 0.0 1.0 139184 8740 ? Ss 14:41 0:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10483 0.0 0.8 153404 7032 ? S 14:41 0:00 \_ sshd: root@pts/0 root 10484 0.0 0.4 26244 3732 pts/0 Ss 14:41 0:00 \_ -bash root 10507 95.3 0.1 7352 980 pts/0 R+ 14:41 6:40 \_ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null root 767 0.0 3.7 414624 30244 ? Ssl 13:03 0:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P root 837 0.0 0.6 215336 5328 ? Ssl 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n root 838 0.0 1.0 103976 8212 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind root 843 0.0 0.4 36956 3604 ? Ss 13:03 0:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n root 855 0.0 0.2 13656 1724 tty1 Ss+ 13:03 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux root 1302 0.0 1.2 100692 9904 ? Ss 13:04 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user root 1305 0.0 0.3 238892 2588 ? S 13:04 0:00 \_ (sd-pam) root 10005 0.0 0.3 36020 2844 ? Ss 14:01 0:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s #查看进程的特定属性 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%mem,%cpu PID CMD %MEM %CPU 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 1.4 0.0 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 9 [mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 10 [ksoftirqd/0] 0.0 0.0 11 [rcu_sched] 0.0 0.0 12 [migration/0] 0.0 0.0 13 [watchdog/0] 0.0 0.0 14 [cpuhp/0] 0.0 0.0 16 [kdevtmpfs] 0.0 0.0 17 [netns] 0.0 0.0 18 [kauditd] 0.0 0.0 19 [khungtaskd] 0.0 0.0 20 [oom_reaper] 0.0 0.0 21 [writeback] 0.0 0.0 22 [kcompactd0] 0.0 0.0 23 [ksmd] 0.0 0.0 24 [khugepaged] 0.0 0.0 25 [crypto] 0.0 0.0 26 [kintegrityd] 0.0 0.0 27 [kblockd] 0.0 0.0 28 [blkcg_punt_bio] 0.0 0.0 29 [tpm_dev_wq] 0.0 0.0 30 [md] 0.0 0.0 31 [edac-poller] 0.0 0.0 32 [watchdogd] 0.0 0.0 33 [kworker/0:1H-xfs-log/sda2] 0.0 0.0 61 [kswapd0] 0.0 0.0 154 [kthrotld] 0.0 0.0 155 [irq/24-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 156 [irq/25-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 157 [irq/26-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 158 [irq/27-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 159 [irq/28-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 160 [irq/29-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 161 [irq/30-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 162 [irq/31-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 163 [irq/32-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 164 [irq/33-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 165 [irq/34-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 166 [irq/35-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 167 [irq/36-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 168 [irq/37-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 169 [irq/38-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 170 [irq/39-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 171 [irq/40-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 172 [irq/41-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 173 [irq/42-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 174 [irq/43-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 175 [irq/44-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 176 [irq/45-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 177 [irq/46-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 178 [irq/47-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 179 [irq/48-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 180 [irq/49-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 181 [irq/50-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 182 [irq/51-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 183 [irq/52-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 184 [irq/53-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 185 [irq/54-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 186 [irq/55-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 187 [acpi_thermal_pm] 0.0 0.0 188 [kmpath_rdacd] 0.0 0.0 189 [kaluad] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 191 [kstrp] 0.0 0.0 448 [mpt_poll_0] 0.0 0.0 449 [ata_sff] 0.0 0.0 450 [mpt/0] 0.0 0.0 451 [scsi_eh_0] 0.0 0.0 452 [scsi_tmf_0] 0.0 0.0 453 [scsi_eh_1] 0.0 0.0 454 [scsi_tmf_1] 0.0 0.0 459 [scsi_eh_2] 0.0 0.0 460 [scsi_tmf_2] 0.0 0.0 468 [irq/16-vmwgfx] 0.0 0.0 470 [ttm_swap] 0.0 0.0 471 [card0-crtc0] 0.0 0.0 472 [card0-crtc1] 0.0 0.0 473 [card0-crtc2] 0.0 0.0 474 [card0-crtc3] 0.0 0.0 475 [card0-crtc4] 0.0 0.0 476 [card0-crtc5] 0.0 0.0 477 [card0-crtc6] 0.0 0.0 478 [card0-crtc7] 0.0 0.0 503 [xfsalloc] 0.0 0.0 504 [xfs_mru_cache] 0.0 0.0 505 [xfs-buf/sda2] 0.0 0.0 506 [xfs-conv/sda2] 0.0 0.0 507 [xfs-cil/sda2] 0.0 0.0 508 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 509 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 510 [xfs-log/sda2] 0.0 0.0 511 [xfsaild/sda2] 0.0 0.0 601 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-jo 1.1 0.0 635 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-ud 1.2 0.0 639 [xfs-buf/sda3] 0.0 0.0 640 [xfs-conv/sda3] 0.0 0.0 641 [xfs-buf/sda1] 0.0 0.0 642 [xfs-cil/sda3] 0.0 0.0 643 [xfs-conv/sda1] 0.0 0.0 644 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 645 [xfs-cil/sda1] 0.0 0.0 646 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 647 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 648 [xfs-log/sda3] 0.0 0.0 649 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 650 [xfsaild/sda3] 0.0 0.0 651 [xfs-log/sda1] 0.0 0.0 652 [xfsaild/sda1] 0.0 0.0 685 /sbin/auditd 0.3 0.0 718 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 1.4 0.0 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 1.2 0.1 721 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 1.7 0.0 723 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 3.0 0.0 726 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --syst 0.6 0.0 728 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 2.2 0.0 765 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers 1.0 0.0 767 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 3.7 0.0 773 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 1.8 0.0 809 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 5.1 0.0 837 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 0.6 0.0 838 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-lo 1.0 0.0 843 /usr/sbin/crond -n 0.4 0.0 855 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u -- 0.2 0.0 1302 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 1.2 0.0 1305 (sd-pam) 0.3 0.0 9556 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbo 0.0 0.0 9993 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] 0.0 0.1 10005 /usr/sbin/anacron -s 0.3 0.0 10152 [kworker/0:0-events_freezab 0.0 0.0 10186 sshd: root [priv] 1.0 0.0 10188 sshd: root@pts/2 0.8 0.0 10189 -bash 0.4 0.0 10216 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbo 0.0 0.2 10224 [cpuhp/1] 0.0 0.0 10225 [watchdog/1] 0.0 0.0 10226 [migration/1] 0.0 0.0 10227 [ksoftirqd/1] 0.0 0.0 10228 [kworker/1:0-mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 10229 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 10239 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] 0.0 0.0 10246 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 0.0 0.0 10247 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 0.0 0.0 10347 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy 0.0 0.0 10449 sshd: root [priv] 1.0 0.0 10451 sshd: root@pts/1 0.8 5.0 10452 -bash 0.4 0.0 10481 sshd: root [priv] 1.0 0.0 10483 sshd: root@pts/0 0.8 0.0 10484 -bash 0.4 0.0 10507 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 0.1 95.4 10518 ping -f 127.0.0.1 0.2 65.2 10536 [kworker/0:1-events] 0.0 0.0 10539 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbo 0.0 0.1 10541 ps axo pid,cmd,%mem,%cpu 0.2 0.0
范例:针对属性排序,CentOS6 以下版本不支持
#按CPU利用率倒序排序 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k -%cpu PID CMD %CPU %MEM 10507 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 95.5 0.1 10518 ping -f 127.0.0.1 65.1 0.2 10451 sshd: root@pts/1 4.9 0.8 10216 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbo 0.2 0.0 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 9993 [kworker/0:3-mpt_poll_0] 0.1 0.0 10539 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbo 0.1 0.0 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 9 [mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 10 [ksoftirqd/0] 0.0 0.0 11 [rcu_sched] 0.0 0.0 12 [migration/0] 0.0 0.0 13 [watchdog/0] 0.0 0.0 14 [cpuhp/0] 0.0 0.0 16 [kdevtmpfs] 0.0 0.0 17 [netns] 0.0 0.0 18 [kauditd] 0.0 0.0 19 [khungtaskd] 0.0 0.0 20 [oom_reaper] 0.0 0.0 21 [writeback] 0.0 0.0 22 [kcompactd0] 0.0 0.0 23 [ksmd] 0.0 0.0 24 [khugepaged] 0.0 0.0 25 [crypto] 0.0 0.0 26 [kintegrityd] 0.0 0.0 27 [kblockd] 0.0 0.0 28 [blkcg_punt_bio] 0.0 0.0 29 [tpm_dev_wq] 0.0 0.0 30 [md] 0.0 0.0 31 [edac-poller] 0.0 0.0 32 [watchdogd] 0.0 0.0 33 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] 0.0 0.0 61 [kswapd0] 0.0 0.0 154 [kthrotld] 0.0 0.0 155 [irq/24-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 156 [irq/25-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 157 [irq/26-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 158 [irq/27-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 159 [irq/28-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 160 [irq/29-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 161 [irq/30-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 162 [irq/31-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 163 [irq/32-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 164 [irq/33-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 165 [irq/34-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 166 [irq/35-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 167 [irq/36-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 168 [irq/37-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 169 [irq/38-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 170 [irq/39-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 171 [irq/40-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 172 [irq/41-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 173 [irq/42-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 174 [irq/43-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 175 [irq/44-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 176 [irq/45-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 177 [irq/46-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 178 [irq/47-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 179 [irq/48-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 180 [irq/49-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 181 [irq/50-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 182 [irq/51-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 183 [irq/52-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 184 [irq/53-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 185 [irq/54-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 186 [irq/55-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 187 [acpi_thermal_pm] 0.0 0.0 188 [kmpath_rdacd] 0.0 0.0 189 [kaluad] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 191 [kstrp] 0.0 0.0 448 [mpt_poll_0] 0.0 0.0 449 [ata_sff] 0.0 0.0 450 [mpt/0] 0.0 0.0 451 [scsi_eh_0] 0.0 0.0 452 [scsi_tmf_0] 0.0 0.0 453 [scsi_eh_1] 0.0 0.0 454 [scsi_tmf_1] 0.0 0.0 459 [scsi_eh_2] 0.0 0.0 460 [scsi_tmf_2] 0.0 0.0 468 [irq/16-vmwgfx] 0.0 0.0 470 [ttm_swap] 0.0 0.0 471 [card0-crtc0] 0.0 0.0 472 [card0-crtc1] 0.0 0.0 473 [card0-crtc2] 0.0 0.0 474 [card0-crtc3] 0.0 0.0 475 [card0-crtc4] 0.0 0.0 476 [card0-crtc5] 0.0 0.0 477 [card0-crtc6] 0.0 0.0 478 [card0-crtc7] 0.0 0.0 503 [xfsalloc] 0.0 0.0 504 [xfs_mru_cache] 0.0 0.0 505 [xfs-buf/sda2] 0.0 0.0 506 [xfs-conv/sda2] 0.0 0.0 507 [xfs-cil/sda2] 0.0 0.0 508 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 509 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 510 [xfs-log/sda2] 0.0 0.0 511 [xfsaild/sda2] 0.0 0.0 601 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-jo 0.0 1.1 635 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-ud 0.0 1.2 639 [xfs-buf/sda3] 0.0 0.0 640 [xfs-conv/sda3] 0.0 0.0 641 [xfs-buf/sda1] 0.0 0.0 642 [xfs-cil/sda3] 0.0 0.0 643 [xfs-conv/sda1] 0.0 0.0 644 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 645 [xfs-cil/sda1] 0.0 0.0 646 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 647 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 648 [xfs-log/sda3] 0.0 0.0 649 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 650 [xfsaild/sda3] 0.0 0.0 651 [xfs-log/sda1] 0.0 0.0 652 [xfsaild/sda1] 0.0 0.0 685 /sbin/auditd 0.0 0.3 718 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 0.0 1.4 721 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 0.0 1.7 723 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 0.0 3.0 726 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --syst 0.0 0.6 728 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 0.0 2.2 765 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers 0.0 1.0 767 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 0.0 3.7 773 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 0.0 1.8 809 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 0.0 5.1 837 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 0.0 0.6 838 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-lo 0.0 1.0 843 /usr/sbin/crond -n 0.0 0.4 855 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u -- 0.0 0.2 1302 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.2 1305 (sd-pam) 0.0 0.3 9556 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbo 0.0 0.0 10005 /usr/sbin/anacron -s 0.0 0.3 10152 [kworker/0:0-events_freezab 0.0 0.0 10186 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 10188 sshd: root@pts/2 0.0 0.8 10189 -bash 0.0 0.4 10224 [cpuhp/1] 0.0 0.0 10225 [watchdog/1] 0.0 0.0 10226 [migration/1] 0.0 0.0 10227 [ksoftirqd/1] 0.0 0.0 10228 [kworker/1:0-mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 10229 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 10239 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] 0.0 0.0 10246 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 0.0 0.0 10247 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 0.0 0.0 10347 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy 0.0 0.0 10449 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 10452 -bash 0.0 0.4 10481 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 10483 sshd: root@pts/0 0.0 0.8 10484 -bash 0.0 0.4 10536 [kworker/0:1-ata_sff] 0.0 0.0 10542 ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem k 0.0 0.4 #按内存倒序排序 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem --sort -%mem PID CMD %CPU %MEM 809 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 0.0 5.1 767 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 0.0 3.7 723 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 0.0 3.0 728 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 0.0 2.2 773 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 0.0 1.8 721 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 0.0 1.7 718 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 0.0 1.4 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.4 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0.1 1.2 635 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-ud 0.0 1.2 1302 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0.0 1.2 601 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-jo 0.0 1.1 10449 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 10481 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 10186 sshd: root [priv] 0.0 1.0 838 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-lo 0.0 1.0 765 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers 0.0 1.0 10188 sshd: root@pts/2 0.0 0.8 10451 sshd: root@pts/1 4.9 0.8 10483 sshd: root@pts/0 0.0 0.8 726 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --syst 0.0 0.6 837 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 0.0 0.6 10452 -bash 0.0 0.4 10189 -bash 0.0 0.4 10484 -bash 0.0 0.4 843 /usr/sbin/crond -n 0.0 0.4 10543 ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem -- 0.0 0.4 10005 /usr/sbin/anacron -s 0.0 0.3 685 /sbin/auditd 0.0 0.3 1305 (sd-pam) 0.0 0.3 10518 ping -f 127.0.0.1 65.0 0.2 855 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u -- 0.0 0.2 10507 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 95.5 0.1 2 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 9 [mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 10 [ksoftirqd/0] 0.0 0.0 11 [rcu_sched] 0.0 0.0 12 [migration/0] 0.0 0.0 13 [watchdog/0] 0.0 0.0 14 [cpuhp/0] 0.0 0.0 16 [kdevtmpfs] 0.0 0.0 17 [netns] 0.0 0.0 18 [kauditd] 0.0 0.0 19 [khungtaskd] 0.0 0.0 20 [oom_reaper] 0.0 0.0 21 [writeback] 0.0 0.0 22 [kcompactd0] 0.0 0.0 23 [ksmd] 0.0 0.0 24 [khugepaged] 0.0 0.0 25 [crypto] 0.0 0.0 26 [kintegrityd] 0.0 0.0 27 [kblockd] 0.0 0.0 28 [blkcg_punt_bio] 0.0 0.0 29 [tpm_dev_wq] 0.0 0.0 30 [md] 0.0 0.0 31 [edac-poller] 0.0 0.0 32 [watchdogd] 0.0 0.0 33 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] 0.0 0.0 61 [kswapd0] 0.0 0.0 154 [kthrotld] 0.0 0.0 155 [irq/24-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 156 [irq/25-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 157 [irq/26-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 158 [irq/27-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 159 [irq/28-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 160 [irq/29-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 161 [irq/30-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 162 [irq/31-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 163 [irq/32-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 164 [irq/33-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 165 [irq/34-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 166 [irq/35-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 167 [irq/36-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 168 [irq/37-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 169 [irq/38-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 170 [irq/39-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 171 [irq/40-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 172 [irq/41-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 173 [irq/42-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 174 [irq/43-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 175 [irq/44-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 176 [irq/45-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 177 [irq/46-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 178 [irq/47-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 179 [irq/48-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 180 [irq/49-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 181 [irq/50-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 182 [irq/51-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 183 [irq/52-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 184 [irq/53-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 185 [irq/54-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 186 [irq/55-pciehp] 0.0 0.0 187 [acpi_thermal_pm] 0.0 0.0 188 [kmpath_rdacd] 0.0 0.0 189 [kaluad] 0.0 0.0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] 0.0 0.0 191 [kstrp] 0.0 0.0 448 [mpt_poll_0] 0.0 0.0 449 [ata_sff] 0.0 0.0 450 [mpt/0] 0.0 0.0 451 [scsi_eh_0] 0.0 0.0 452 [scsi_tmf_0] 0.0 0.0 453 [scsi_eh_1] 0.0 0.0 454 [scsi_tmf_1] 0.0 0.0 459 [scsi_eh_2] 0.0 0.0 460 [scsi_tmf_2] 0.0 0.0 468 [irq/16-vmwgfx] 0.0 0.0 470 [ttm_swap] 0.0 0.0 471 [card0-crtc0] 0.0 0.0 472 [card0-crtc1] 0.0 0.0 473 [card0-crtc2] 0.0 0.0 474 [card0-crtc3] 0.0 0.0 475 [card0-crtc4] 0.0 0.0 476 [card0-crtc5] 0.0 0.0 477 [card0-crtc6] 0.0 0.0 478 [card0-crtc7] 0.0 0.0 503 [xfsalloc] 0.0 0.0 504 [xfs_mru_cache] 0.0 0.0 505 [xfs-buf/sda2] 0.0 0.0 506 [xfs-conv/sda2] 0.0 0.0 507 [xfs-cil/sda2] 0.0 0.0 508 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 509 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 510 [xfs-log/sda2] 0.0 0.0 511 [xfsaild/sda2] 0.0 0.0 639 [xfs-buf/sda3] 0.0 0.0 640 [xfs-conv/sda3] 0.0 0.0 641 [xfs-buf/sda1] 0.0 0.0 642 [xfs-cil/sda3] 0.0 0.0 643 [xfs-conv/sda1] 0.0 0.0 644 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 645 [xfs-cil/sda1] 0.0 0.0 646 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 647 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 0.0 0.0 648 [xfs-log/sda3] 0.0 0.0 649 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 0.0 0.0 650 [xfsaild/sda3] 0.0 0.0 651 [xfs-log/sda1] 0.0 0.0 652 [xfsaild/sda1] 0.0 0.0 9556 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbo 0.0 0.0 9993 [kworker/0:3-events] 0.1 0.0 10152 [kworker/0:0-events_freezab 0.0 0.0 10216 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbo 0.2 0.0 10224 [cpuhp/1] 0.0 0.0 10225 [watchdog/1] 0.0 0.0 10226 [migration/1] 0.0 0.0 10227 [ksoftirqd/1] 0.0 0.0 10228 [kworker/1:0-xfs-buf/sda2] 0.0 0.0 10229 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 10239 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] 0.0 0.0 10246 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 0.0 0.0 10247 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 0.0 0.0 10347 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy 0.0 0.0 10536 [kworker/0:1-ata_sff] 0.0 0.0 10539 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbo 0.1 0.0
范例:有效用户和实际用户
[root@rocky8 ~]# su - raymond Last login: Sun Oct 31 14:16:01 CST 2021 on pts/1 [raymond@rocky8 ~]$ passwd Changing password for user raymond. Current password: [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,%cpu,%mem,user,euser,ruser | grep passwd 10581 passwd 0.0 1.0 root root raymond 10583 grep --color=auto passwd 0.0 0.1 root root root
范例:
#查询你拥有的所有进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -x PID TTY STAT TIME COMMAND 1 ? Ss 0:01 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 2 ? S 0:00 [kthreadd] 3 ? I< 0:00 [rcu_gp] 4 ? I< 0:00 [rcu_par_gp] 6 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] 9 ? I< 0:00 [mm_percpu_wq] 10 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/0] 11 ? I 0:00 [rcu_sched] 12 ? S 0:00 [migration/0] 13 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/0] 14 ? S 0:00 [cpuhp/0] 16 ? S 0:00 [kdevtmpfs] 17 ? I< 0:00 [netns] 18 ? S 0:00 [kauditd] 19 ? S 0:00 [khungtaskd] 20 ? S 0:00 [oom_reaper] 21 ? I< 0:00 [writeback] 22 ? S 0:00 [kcompactd0] 23 ? SN 0:00 [ksmd] 24 ? SN 0:00 [khugepaged] 25 ? I< 0:00 [crypto] 26 ? I< 0:00 [kintegrityd] 27 ? I< 0:00 [kblockd] 28 ? I< 0:00 [blkcg_punt_bio] 29 ? I< 0:00 [tpm_dev_wq] 30 ? I< 0:00 [md] 31 ? I< 0:00 [edac-poller] 32 ? S 0:00 [watchdogd] 33 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] 61 ? S 0:00 [kswapd0] 154 ? I< 0:00 [kthrotld] 155 ? S 0:00 [irq/24-pciehp] 156 ? S 0:00 [irq/25-pciehp] 157 ? S 0:00 [irq/26-pciehp] 158 ? S 0:00 [irq/27-pciehp] 159 ? S 0:00 [irq/28-pciehp] 160 ? S 0:00 [irq/29-pciehp] 161 ? S 0:00 [irq/30-pciehp] 162 ? S 0:00 [irq/31-pciehp] 163 ? S 0:00 [irq/32-pciehp] 164 ? S 0:00 [irq/33-pciehp] 165 ? S 0:00 [irq/34-pciehp] 166 ? S 0:00 [irq/35-pciehp] 167 ? S 0:00 [irq/36-pciehp] 168 ? S 0:00 [irq/37-pciehp] 169 ? S 0:00 [irq/38-pciehp] 170 ? S 0:00 [irq/39-pciehp] 171 ? S 0:00 [irq/40-pciehp] 172 ? S 0:00 [irq/41-pciehp] 173 ? S 0:00 [irq/42-pciehp] 174 ? S 0:00 [irq/43-pciehp] 175 ? S 0:00 [irq/44-pciehp] 176 ? S 0:00 [irq/45-pciehp] 177 ? S 0:00 [irq/46-pciehp] 178 ? S 0:00 [irq/47-pciehp] 179 ? S 0:00 [irq/48-pciehp] 180 ? S 0:00 [irq/49-pciehp] 181 ? S 0:00 [irq/50-pciehp] 182 ? S 0:00 [irq/51-pciehp] 183 ? S 0:00 [irq/52-pciehp] 184 ? S 0:00 [irq/53-pciehp] 185 ? S 0:00 [irq/54-pciehp] 186 ? S 0:00 [irq/55-pciehp] 187 ? I< 0:00 [acpi_thermal_pm] 188 ? I< 0:00 [kmpath_rdacd] 189 ? I< 0:00 [kaluad] 190 ? I< 0:00 [ipv6_addrconf] 191 ? I< 0:00 [kstrp] 448 ? I< 0:00 [mpt_poll_0] 449 ? I< 0:00 [ata_sff] 450 ? I< 0:00 [mpt/0] 451 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_0] 452 ? I< 0:00 [scsi_tmf_0] 453 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_1] 454 ? I< 0:00 [scsi_tmf_1] 459 ? S 0:00 [scsi_eh_2] 460 ? I< 0:00 [scsi_tmf_2] 468 ? S 0:00 [irq/16-vmwgfx] 470 ? I< 0:00 [ttm_swap] 471 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc0] 472 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc1] 473 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc2] 474 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc3] 475 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc4] 476 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc5] 477 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc6] 478 ? S 0:00 [card0-crtc7] 503 ? I< 0:00 [xfsalloc] 504 ? I< 0:00 [xfs_mru_cache] 505 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda2] 506 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda2] 507 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda2] 508 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 509 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 510 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-log/sda2] 511 ? S 0:00 [xfsaild/sda2] 601 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald 635 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd 639 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda3] 640 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda3] 641 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-buf/sda1] 642 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda3] 643 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-conv/sda1] 644 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 645 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-cil/sda1] 646 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 647 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-reclaim/sda] 648 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-log/sda3] 649 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-eofblocks/s] 650 ? S 0:00 [xfsaild/sda3] 651 ? I< 0:00 [xfs-log/sda1] 652 ? S 0:00 [xfsaild/sda1] 685 ? S<sl 0:00 /sbin/auditd 718 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 719 ? Ssl 0:07 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 721 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files 728 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon 765 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes128-gcm@ 767 ? Ssl 0:01 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P 773 ? S 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 809 ? S 0:00 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 837 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 838 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind 843 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/crond -n 855 tty1 Ss+ 0:00 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux 1302 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user 1305 ? S 0:00 (sd-pam) 9556 ? R 0:02 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] 9993 ? I 0:03 [kworker/0:3-ata_sff] 10005 ? Ss 0:00 /usr/sbin/anacron -s 10152 ? I 0:00 [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 10186 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: root [priv] 10188 ? S 0:00 sshd: root@pts/2 10189 pts/2 Ss 0:00 -bash 10216 ? I 0:01 [kworker/u256:2-events_unbound] 10224 ? S 0:00 [cpuhp/1] 10225 ? S 0:00 [watchdog/1] 10226 ? S 0:00 [migration/1] 10227 ? S 0:00 [ksoftirqd/1] 10228 ? I 0:00 [kworker/1:0-mm_percpu_wq] 10229 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpri] 10239 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] 10246 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 10247 ? I< 0:00 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 10347 ? I 0:00 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy] 10449 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: root [priv] 10451 ? S 0:30 sshd: root@pts/1 10452 pts/1 Ss 0:00 -bash 10481 ? Ss 0:00 sshd: root [priv] 10483 ? S 0:00 sshd: root@pts/0 10484 pts/0 Ss 0:00 -bash 10507 pts/0 R+ 10:58 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null 10536 ? I 0:00 [kworker/0:1-events_freezable_power_] 10539 ? I 0:00 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbound] 10544 ? I 0:00 [kworker/0:2-mpt_poll_0] 10549 pts/2 S 0:00 su - raymond 10581 pts/2 S+ 0:00 passwd 10584 pts/1 R+ 0:00 ps -x #显示指定用户名(RUID)或用户ID的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fU raymond UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD raymond 10550 10549 0 14:51 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash root 10581 10550 0 14:52 pts/2 00:00:00 passwd [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fU 1000 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD raymond 10550 10549 0 14:51 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash root 10581 10550 0 14:52 pts/2 00:00:00 passwd #显示指定用户名(EUID)或用户ID的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fu raymond UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD raymond 10550 10549 0 14:51 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fu 1000 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD raymond 10550 10549 0 14:51 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash #查看以root用户权限(实际和有效ID)运行的每个进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -U root -u root PID TTY TIME CMD 1 ? 00:00:01 systemd 2 ? 00:00:00 kthreadd 3 ? 00:00:00 rcu_gp 4 ? 00:00:00 rcu_par_gp 6 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 ? 00:00:00 mm_percpu_wq 10 ? 00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0 11 ? 00:00:00 rcu_sched 12 ? 00:00:00 migration/0 13 ? 00:00:00 watchdog/0 14 ? 00:00:00 cpuhp/0 16 ? 00:00:00 kdevtmpfs 17 ? 00:00:00 netns 18 ? 00:00:00 kauditd 19 ? 00:00:00 khungtaskd 20 ? 00:00:00 oom_reaper 21 ? 00:00:00 writeback 22 ? 00:00:00 kcompactd0 23 ? 00:00:00 ksmd 24 ? 00:00:00 khugepaged 25 ? 00:00:00 crypto 26 ? 00:00:00 kintegrityd 27 ? 00:00:00 kblockd 28 ? 00:00:00 blkcg_punt_bio 29 ? 00:00:00 tpm_dev_wq 30 ? 00:00:00 md 31 ? 00:00:00 edac-poller 32 ? 00:00:00 watchdogd 33 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:1H-kblockd 61 ? 00:00:00 kswapd0 154 ? 00:00:00 kthrotld 155 ? 00:00:00 irq/24-pciehp 156 ? 00:00:00 irq/25-pciehp 157 ? 00:00:00 irq/26-pciehp 158 ? 00:00:00 irq/27-pciehp 159 ? 00:00:00 irq/28-pciehp 160 ? 00:00:00 irq/29-pciehp 161 ? 00:00:00 irq/30-pciehp 162 ? 00:00:00 irq/31-pciehp 163 ? 00:00:00 irq/32-pciehp 164 ? 00:00:00 irq/33-pciehp 165 ? 00:00:00 irq/34-pciehp 166 ? 00:00:00 irq/35-pciehp 167 ? 00:00:00 irq/36-pciehp 168 ? 00:00:00 irq/37-pciehp 169 ? 00:00:00 irq/38-pciehp 170 ? 00:00:00 irq/39-pciehp 171 ? 00:00:00 irq/40-pciehp 172 ? 00:00:00 irq/41-pciehp 173 ? 00:00:00 irq/42-pciehp 174 ? 00:00:00 irq/43-pciehp 175 ? 00:00:00 irq/44-pciehp 176 ? 00:00:00 irq/45-pciehp 177 ? 00:00:00 irq/46-pciehp 178 ? 00:00:00 irq/47-pciehp 179 ? 00:00:00 irq/48-pciehp 180 ? 00:00:00 irq/49-pciehp 181 ? 00:00:00 irq/50-pciehp 182 ? 00:00:00 irq/51-pciehp 183 ? 00:00:00 irq/52-pciehp 184 ? 00:00:00 irq/53-pciehp 185 ? 00:00:00 irq/54-pciehp 186 ? 00:00:00 irq/55-pciehp 187 ? 00:00:00 acpi_thermal_pm 188 ? 00:00:00 kmpath_rdacd 189 ? 00:00:00 kaluad 190 ? 00:00:00 ipv6_addrconf 191 ? 00:00:00 kstrp 448 ? 00:00:00 mpt_poll_0 449 ? 00:00:00 ata_sff 450 ? 00:00:00 mpt/0 451 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_0 452 ? 00:00:00 scsi_tmf_0 453 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_1 454 ? 00:00:00 scsi_tmf_1 459 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_2 460 ? 00:00:00 scsi_tmf_2 468 ? 00:00:00 irq/16-vmwgfx 470 ? 00:00:00 ttm_swap 471 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc0 472 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc1 473 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc2 474 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc3 475 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc4 476 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc5 477 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc6 478 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc7 503 ? 00:00:00 xfsalloc 504 ? 00:00:00 xfs_mru_cache 505 ? 00:00:00 xfs-buf/sda2 506 ? 00:00:00 xfs-conv/sda2 507 ? 00:00:00 xfs-cil/sda2 508 ? 00:00:00 xfs-reclaim/sda 509 ? 00:00:00 xfs-eofblocks/s 510 ? 00:00:00 xfs-log/sda2 511 ? 00:00:00 xfsaild/sda2 601 ? 00:00:00 systemd-journal 635 ? 00:00:00 systemd-udevd 639 ? 00:00:00 xfs-buf/sda3 640 ? 00:00:00 xfs-conv/sda3 641 ? 00:00:00 xfs-buf/sda1 642 ? 00:00:00 xfs-cil/sda3 643 ? 00:00:00 xfs-conv/sda1 644 ? 00:00:00 xfs-reclaim/sda 645 ? 00:00:00 xfs-cil/sda1 646 ? 00:00:00 xfs-eofblocks/s 647 ? 00:00:00 xfs-reclaim/sda 648 ? 00:00:00 xfs-log/sda3 649 ? 00:00:00 xfs-eofblocks/s 650 ? 00:00:00 xfsaild/sda3 651 ? 00:00:00 xfs-log/sda1 652 ? 00:00:00 xfsaild/sda1 685 ? 00:00:00 auditd 718 ? 00:00:00 VGAuthService 719 ? 00:00:07 vmtoolsd 721 ? 00:00:00 sssd 728 ? 00:00:00 NetworkManager 765 ? 00:00:00 sshd 767 ? 00:00:01 tuned 773 ? 00:00:00 sssd_be 809 ? 00:00:00 sssd_nss 837 ? 00:00:00 rsyslogd 838 ? 00:00:00 systemd-logind 843 ? 00:00:00 crond 855 tty1 00:00:00 agetty 1302 ? 00:00:00 systemd 1305 ? 00:00:00 (sd-pam) 9556 ? 00:00:02 kworker/u256:0-events_unbound 10005 ? 00:00:00 anacron 10152 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:0-events 10186 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10188 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10189 pts/2 00:00:00 bash 10224 ? 00:00:00 cpuhp/1 10225 ? 00:00:00 watchdog/1 10226 ? 00:00:00 migration/1 10227 ? 00:00:00 ksoftirqd/1 10228 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:0-events 10229 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:0H-events_highpri 10239 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:1H-kblockd 10246 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u257:0-hci0 10247 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u257:1-hci0 10347 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy 10449 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10451 ? 00:00:30 sshd 10452 pts/1 00:00:00 bash 10481 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10483 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10484 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 10507 pts/0 00:14:10 dd 10536 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:1-ata_sff 10539 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u256:1-events_unbound 10544 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:2-ata_sff 10549 pts/2 00:00:00 su 10581 pts/2 00:00:00 passwd 10593 pts/1 00:00:00 ps #列出某个组拥有的所有进程(实际组ID:RGID或名称) [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fG raymond UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD raymond 10550 10549 0 14:51 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash root 10581 10550 0 14:52 pts/2 00:00:00 passwd #列出有效组名称(或会话)所拥有的所有进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fg raymond UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD raymond 10550 10549 0 14:51 pts/2 00:00:00 -bash root 10581 10550 0 14:52 pts/2 00:00:00 passwd [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fg 1000 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD #显示指定的进程ID对应的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# echo $BASHPID 10452 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fp 10452 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 10452 10451 0 14:41 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash #以父进程ID来显示其下所有的进程,如显示父进程为1234的所有进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -f --ppid 10451 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 10452 10451 0 14:41 pts/1 00:00:00 -bash #显示指定PID的多个进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# pstree -p|grep bash |-sshd(765)-+-sshd(10186)---sshd(10188)---bash(10189)---su(10549)---bash(10550)---passwd(10581) | |-sshd(10449)---sshd(10451)---bash(10452)-+-grep(10609) | `-sshd(10481)---sshd(10483)---bash(10484)---dd(10507) [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fp 10189 10452 10484 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY STAT TIME CMD root 10189 10188 0 14:35 pts/2 Ss 0:00 -bash root 10452 10451 0 14:41 pts/1 Ss 0:00 -bash root 10484 10483 0 14:41 pts/0 Ss 0:00 -bash #要按tty显示所属进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -ft pts/0 UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 10484 10483 0 14:41 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash root 10507 10484 97 14:41 pts/0 00:19:14 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null #以进程树显示系统中的进程如何相互链接 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -e --forest PID TTY TIME CMD 2 ? 00:00:00 kthreadd 3 ? 00:00:00 \_ rcu_gp 4 ? 00:00:00 \_ rcu_par_gp 6 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 ? 00:00:00 \_ mm_percpu_wq 10 ? 00:00:00 \_ ksoftirqd/0 11 ? 00:00:00 \_ rcu_sched 12 ? 00:00:00 \_ migration/0 13 ? 00:00:00 \_ watchdog/0 14 ? 00:00:00 \_ cpuhp/0 16 ? 00:00:00 \_ kdevtmpfs 17 ? 00:00:00 \_ netns 18 ? 00:00:00 \_ kauditd 19 ? 00:00:00 \_ khungtaskd 20 ? 00:00:00 \_ oom_reaper 21 ? 00:00:00 \_ writeback 22 ? 00:00:00 \_ kcompactd0 23 ? 00:00:00 \_ ksmd 24 ? 00:00:00 \_ khugepaged 25 ? 00:00:00 \_ crypto 26 ? 00:00:00 \_ kintegrityd 27 ? 00:00:00 \_ kblockd 28 ? 00:00:00 \_ blkcg_punt_bio 29 ? 00:00:00 \_ tpm_dev_wq 30 ? 00:00:00 \_ md 31 ? 00:00:00 \_ edac-poller 32 ? 00:00:00 \_ watchdogd 33 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/0:1H-kblockd 61 ? 00:00:00 \_ kswapd0 154 ? 00:00:00 \_ kthrotld 155 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/24-pciehp 156 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/25-pciehp 157 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/26-pciehp 158 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/27-pciehp 159 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/28-pciehp 160 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/29-pciehp 161 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/30-pciehp 162 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/31-pciehp 163 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/32-pciehp 164 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/33-pciehp 165 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/34-pciehp 166 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/35-pciehp 167 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/36-pciehp 168 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/37-pciehp 169 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/38-pciehp 170 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/39-pciehp 171 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/40-pciehp 172 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/41-pciehp 173 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/42-pciehp 174 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/43-pciehp 175 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/44-pciehp 176 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/45-pciehp 177 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/46-pciehp 178 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/47-pciehp 179 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/48-pciehp 180 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/49-pciehp 181 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/50-pciehp 182 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/51-pciehp 183 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/52-pciehp 184 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/53-pciehp 185 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/54-pciehp 186 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/55-pciehp 187 ? 00:00:00 \_ acpi_thermal_pm 188 ? 00:00:00 \_ kmpath_rdacd 189 ? 00:00:00 \_ kaluad 190 ? 00:00:00 \_ ipv6_addrconf 191 ? 00:00:00 \_ kstrp 448 ? 00:00:00 \_ mpt_poll_0 449 ? 00:00:00 \_ ata_sff 450 ? 00:00:00 \_ mpt/0 451 ? 00:00:00 \_ scsi_eh_0 452 ? 00:00:00 \_ scsi_tmf_0 453 ? 00:00:00 \_ scsi_eh_1 454 ? 00:00:00 \_ scsi_tmf_1 459 ? 00:00:00 \_ scsi_eh_2 460 ? 00:00:00 \_ scsi_tmf_2 468 ? 00:00:00 \_ irq/16-vmwgfx 470 ? 00:00:00 \_ ttm_swap 471 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc0 472 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc1 473 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc2 474 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc3 475 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc4 476 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc5 477 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc6 478 ? 00:00:00 \_ card0-crtc7 503 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfsalloc 504 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs_mru_cache 505 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-buf/sda2 506 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-conv/sda2 507 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-cil/sda2 508 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-reclaim/sda 509 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-eofblocks/s 510 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-log/sda2 511 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfsaild/sda2 639 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-buf/sda3 640 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-conv/sda3 641 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-buf/sda1 642 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-cil/sda3 643 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-conv/sda1 644 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-reclaim/sda 645 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-cil/sda1 646 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-eofblocks/s 647 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-reclaim/sda 648 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-log/sda3 649 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-eofblocks/s 650 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfsaild/sda3 651 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfs-log/sda1 652 ? 00:00:00 \_ xfsaild/sda1 9556 ? 00:00:02 \_ kworker/u256:0-events_unbound 10224 ? 00:00:00 \_ cpuhp/1 10225 ? 00:00:00 \_ watchdog/1 10226 ? 00:00:00 \_ migration/1 10227 ? 00:00:00 \_ ksoftirqd/1 10228 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/1:0-xfs-eofblocks/sda2 10229 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/1:0H-events_highpri 10239 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/1:1H-kblockd 10246 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/u257:0-hci0 10247 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/u257:1-hci0 10347 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy 10539 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/u256:1-events_unbound 10544 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/0:2-ata_sff 10594 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/0:3-ata_sff 10624 ? 00:00:00 \_ kworker/0:0-events 1 ? 00:00:01 systemd 601 ? 00:00:00 systemd-journal 635 ? 00:00:00 systemd-udevd 685 ? 00:00:00 auditd 718 ? 00:00:00 VGAuthService 719 ? 00:00:07 vmtoolsd 721 ? 00:00:00 sssd 773 ? 00:00:00 \_ sssd_be 809 ? 00:00:00 \_ sssd_nss 723 ? 00:00:00 polkitd 726 ? 00:00:00 dbus-daemon 728 ? 00:00:00 NetworkManager 765 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10186 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd 10188 ? 00:00:00 | \_ sshd 10189 pts/2 00:00:00 | \_ bash 10549 pts/2 00:00:00 | \_ su 10550 pts/2 00:00:00 | \_ bash 10581 pts/2 00:00:00 | \_ passwd 10449 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd 10451 ? 00:00:30 | \_ sshd 10452 pts/1 00:00:00 | \_ bash 10625 pts/1 00:00:00 | \_ ps 10481 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd 10483 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd 10484 pts/0 00:00:00 \_ bash 10507 pts/0 00:19:38 \_ dd 767 ? 00:00:01 tuned 837 ? 00:00:00 rsyslogd 838 ? 00:00:00 systemd-logind 843 ? 00:00:00 crond 855 tty1 00:00:00 agetty 1302 ? 00:00:00 systemd 1305 ? 00:00:00 \_ (sd-pam) 10005 ? 00:00:00 anacron #以进程树显示指定的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -f --forest -C sshd UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 765 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr root 10186 765 0 14:35 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10188 10186 0 14:35 ? 00:00:00 | \_ sshd: root@pts/2 root 10449 765 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10451 10449 2 14:41 ? 00:00:30 | \_ sshd: root@pts/1 root 10481 765 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10483 10481 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root@pts/0 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -ef --forest | grep -v grep | grep sshd root 765 1 0 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes128-cbc -oMACs=hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha1,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512 -oGSSAPIKexAlgorithms=gss-curve25519-sha256-,gss-nistp256-sha256-,gss-group14-sha256-,gss-group16-sha512-,gss-gex-sha1-,gss-group14-sha1- -oKexAlgorithms=curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1 -oHostKeyAlgorithms=ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com -oPubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes=ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384-cert-v01@openssh.com,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-ed25519,ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com,ssh-rsa,ssh-rsa-cert-v01@openssh.com -oCASignatureAlgorithms=ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-rsa root 10186 765 0 14:35 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10188 10186 0 14:35 ? 00:00:00 | \_ sshd: root@pts/2 root 10449 765 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10451 10449 2 14:41 ? 00:00:30 | \_ sshd: root@pts/1 root 10481 765 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root [priv] root 10483 10481 0 14:41 ? 00:00:00 \_ sshd: root@pts/0 #要显示一个进程的所有线程,将显示LWP(轻量级进程)以及NLWP(轻量级进程数)列 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -fL -C sshd UID PID PPID LWP C NLWP STIME TTY TIME CMD root 765 1 765 0 1 13:03 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.c root 10186 765 10186 0 1 14:35 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10188 10186 10188 0 1 14:35 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/2 root 10449 765 10449 0 1 14:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10451 10449 10451 2 1 14:41 ? 00:00:30 sshd: root@pts/1 root 10481 765 10481 0 1 14:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root [priv] root 10483 10481 10483 0 1 14:41 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/0 #要列出所有格式说明符 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps L %cpu %CPU %mem %MEM _left LLLLLLLL _left2 L2L2L2L2 _right RRRRRRRR _right2 R2R2R2R2 _unlimited U _unlimited2 U2 alarm ALARM args COMMAND atime TIME blocked BLOCKED bsdstart START bsdtime TIME c C caught CAUGHT cgname CGNAME cgroup CGROUP class CLS cls CLS cmd CMD comm COMMAND command COMMAND context CONTEXT cp CP cpuid CPUID cputime TIME cputimes TIME drs DRS dsiz DSIZ egid EGID egroup EGROUP eip EIP esp ESP etime ELAPSED etimes ELAPSED euid EUID euser EUSER f F fgid FGID fgroup FGROUP flag F flags F fname COMMAND fsgid FSGID fsgroup FSGROUP fsuid FSUID fsuser FSUSER fuid FUID fuser FUSER gid GID group GROUP ignored IGNORED intpri PRI ipcns IPCNS label LABEL lastcpu C lim LIM longtname TTY lsession SESSION lstart STARTED luid LUID lwp LWP lxc LXC m_drs DRS m_size SIZE m_trs TRS machine MACHINE maj_flt MAJFL majflt MAJFLT min_flt MINFL minflt MINFLT mntns MNTNS netns NETNS ni NI nice NI nlwp NLWP numa NUMA nwchan WCHAN opri PRI ouid OWNER pagein PAGEIN pcpu %CPU pending PENDING pgid PGID pgrp PGRP pid PID pidns PIDNS pmem %MEM policy POL ppid PPID pri PRI pri_api API pri_bar BAR pri_baz BAZ pri_foo FOO priority PRI psr PSR rgid RGID rgroup RGROUP rss RSS rssize RSS rsz RSZ rtprio RTPRIO ruid RUID ruser RUSER s S sched SCH seat SEAT sess SESS session SESS sgi_p P sgi_rss RSS sgid SGID sgroup SGROUP sid SID sig PENDING sig_block BLOCKED sig_catch CATCHED sig_ignore IGNORED sig_pend SIGNAL sigcatch CAUGHT sigignore IGNORED sigmask BLOCKED size SIZE slice SLICE spid SPID stackp STACKP start STARTED start_stack STACKP start_time START stat STAT state S stime STIME suid SUID supgid SUPGID supgrp SUPGRP suser SUSER svgid SVGID svgroup SVGROUP svuid SVUID svuser SVUSER sz SZ tgid TGID thcount THCNT tid TID time TIME times TIME tname TTY tpgid TPGID trs TRS trss TRSS tsig PENDING tsiz TSIZ tt TT tty TT tty4 TTY tty8 TTY ucmd CMD ucomm COMMAND uid UID uid_hack UID uname USER unit UNIT user USER userns USERNS util C utsns UTSNS uunit UUNIT vsize VSZ vsz VSZ wchan WCHAN wname WCHAN zone ZONE #查看进程的PID,PPID,用户名和命令 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -eo pid,ppid,user,cmd PID PPID USER CMD 1 0 root /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 2 0 root [kthreadd] 3 2 root [rcu_gp] 4 2 root [rcu_par_gp] 6 2 root [kworker/0:0H-events_highpri] 9 2 root [mm_percpu_wq] 10 2 root [ksoftirqd/0] 11 2 root [rcu_sched] 12 2 root [migration/0] 13 2 root [watchdog/0] 14 2 root [cpuhp/0] 16 2 root [kdevtmpfs] 17 2 root [netns] 18 2 root [kauditd] 19 2 root [khungtaskd] 20 2 root [oom_reaper] 21 2 root [writeback] 22 2 root [kcompactd0] 23 2 root [ksmd] 24 2 root [khugepaged] 25 2 root [crypto] 26 2 root [kintegrityd] 27 2 root [kblockd] 28 2 root [blkcg_punt_bio] 29 2 root [tpm_dev_wq] 30 2 root [md] 31 2 root [edac-poller] 32 2 root [watchdogd] 33 2 root [kworker/0:1H-xfs-log/sda2] 61 2 root [kswapd0] 154 2 root [kthrotld] 155 2 root [irq/24-pciehp] 156 2 root [irq/25-pciehp] 157 2 root [irq/26-pciehp] 158 2 root [irq/27-pciehp] 159 2 root [irq/28-pciehp] 160 2 root [irq/29-pciehp] 161 2 root [irq/30-pciehp] 162 2 root [irq/31-pciehp] 163 2 root [irq/32-pciehp] 164 2 root [irq/33-pciehp] 165 2 root [irq/34-pciehp] 166 2 root [irq/35-pciehp] 167 2 root [irq/36-pciehp] 168 2 root [irq/37-pciehp] 169 2 root [irq/38-pciehp] 170 2 root [irq/39-pciehp] 171 2 root [irq/40-pciehp] 172 2 root [irq/41-pciehp] 173 2 root [irq/42-pciehp] 174 2 root [irq/43-pciehp] 175 2 root [irq/44-pciehp] 176 2 root [irq/45-pciehp] 177 2 root [irq/46-pciehp] 178 2 root [irq/47-pciehp] 179 2 root [irq/48-pciehp] 180 2 root [irq/49-pciehp] 181 2 root [irq/50-pciehp] 182 2 root [irq/51-pciehp] 183 2 root [irq/52-pciehp] 184 2 root [irq/53-pciehp] 185 2 root [irq/54-pciehp] 186 2 root [irq/55-pciehp] 187 2 root [acpi_thermal_pm] 188 2 root [kmpath_rdacd] 189 2 root [kaluad] 190 2 root [ipv6_addrconf] 191 2 root [kstrp] 448 2 root [mpt_poll_0] 449 2 root [ata_sff] 450 2 root [mpt/0] 451 2 root [scsi_eh_0] 452 2 root [scsi_tmf_0] 453 2 root [scsi_eh_1] 454 2 root [scsi_tmf_1] 459 2 root [scsi_eh_2] 460 2 root [scsi_tmf_2] 468 2 root [irq/16-vmwgfx] 470 2 root [ttm_swap] 471 2 root [card0-crtc0] 472 2 root [card0-crtc1] 473 2 root [card0-crtc2] 474 2 root [card0-crtc3] 475 2 root [card0-crtc4] 476 2 root [card0-crtc5] 477 2 root [card0-crtc6] 478 2 root [card0-crtc7] 503 2 root [xfsalloc] 504 2 root [xfs_mru_cache] 505 2 root [xfs-buf/sda2] 506 2 root [xfs-conv/sda2] 507 2 root [xfs-cil/sda2] 508 2 root [xfs-reclaim/sda] 509 2 root [xfs-eofblocks/s] 510 2 root [xfs-log/sda2] 511 2 root [xfsaild/sda2] 601 1 root /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald 635 1 root /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd 639 2 root [xfs-buf/sda3] 640 2 root [xfs-conv/sda3] 641 2 root [xfs-buf/sda1] 642 2 root [xfs-cil/sda3] 643 2 root [xfs-conv/sda1] 644 2 root [xfs-reclaim/sda] 645 2 root [xfs-cil/sda1] 646 2 root [xfs-eofblocks/s] 647 2 root [xfs-reclaim/sda] 648 2 root [xfs-log/sda3] 649 2 root [xfs-eofblocks/s] 650 2 root [xfsaild/sda3] 651 2 root [xfs-log/sda1] 652 2 root [xfsaild/sda1] 685 1 root /sbin/auditd 718 1 root /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 719 1 root /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 721 1 root /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files 723 1 polkitd /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug 726 1 dbus /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --system --address=systemd: --nofork --nopidfile --systemd-activation --syslog-only 728 1 root /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon 765 1 root /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes128-gcm@open 767 1 root /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P 773 721 root /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 809 721 root /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 837 1 root /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 838 1 root /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind 843 1 root /usr/sbin/crond -n 855 1 root /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u --noclear tty1 linux 1302 1 root /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user 1305 1302 root (sd-pam) 9556 2 root [kworker/u256:0-events_unbound] 10005 1 root /usr/sbin/anacron -s 10186 765 root sshd: root [priv] 10188 10186 root sshd: root@pts/2 10189 10188 root -bash 10224 2 root [cpuhp/1] 10225 2 root [watchdog/1] 10226 2 root [migration/1] 10227 2 root [ksoftirqd/1] 10228 2 root [kworker/1:0-xfs-eofblocks/sda2] 10229 2 root [kworker/1:0H-events_highpri] 10239 2 root [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] 10246 2 root [kworker/u257:0-hci0] 10247 2 root [kworker/u257:1-hci0] 10347 2 root [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy] 10449 765 root sshd: root [priv] 10451 10449 root sshd: root@pts/1 10452 10451 root -bash 10481 765 root sshd: root [priv] 10483 10481 root sshd: root@pts/0 10484 10483 root -bash 10507 10484 root dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null 10539 2 root [kworker/u256:1-events_unbound] 10544 2 root [kworker/0:2-ata_sff] 10549 10189 root su - raymond 10550 10549 raymond -bash 10581 10550 root passwd 10594 2 root [kworker/0:3-events] 10624 2 root [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 10630 2 root [kworker/0:1-ata_sff] 10633 10452 root ps -eo pid,ppid,user,cmd #自定义格式显示文件系统组,ni值开始时间和进程的时间 [root@rocky8 ~]# echo $BASHPID 10452 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -p 10452 -o pid,ppid,fgroup,ni,lstart,etime PID PPID FGROUP NI STARTED ELAPSED 10452 10451 root 0 Sun Oct 31 14:41:16 2021 23:19 #使用其PID查找进程名称: [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -p 10452 -o comm= bash #要以其名称选择特定进程,显示其所有子进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -C sshd,bash PID TTY TIME CMD 765 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10186 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10188 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10189 pts/2 00:00:00 bash 10449 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10451 ? 00:00:30 sshd 10452 pts/1 00:00:00 bash 10481 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10483 ? 00:00:00 sshd 10484 pts/0 00:00:00 bash 10550 pts/2 00:00:00 bash #查找指定进程名所有的所属PID,在编写需要从std输出或文件读取PID的脚本时这个参数很有用 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -C httpd,sshd -o pid= 765 10186 10188 10449 10451 10481 10483 #检查一个进程的执行时间 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -eo comm,etime,user | grep sshd sshd 02:02:50 root sshd 30:42 root sshd 30:42 root sshd 25:24 root sshd 25:24 root sshd 25:06 root sshd 25:06 root #排序,查找占用最多内存和CPU的进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd,%mem,%cpu --sort=-%mem | head PID PPID CMD %MEM %CPU 809 721 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 5.1 0.0 767 1 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 3.7 0.0 723 1 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 3.0 0.0 728 1 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 2.2 0.0 773 721 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 1.8 0.0 721 1 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 1.7 0.0 718 1 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 1.4 0.0 1 0 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 1.4 0.0 719 1 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 1.2 0.1 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd,%mem,%cpu --sort=-%cpu | head PID PPID CMD %MEM %CPU 10507 10484 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 0.1 98.0 10451 10449 sshd: root@pts/1 0.8 1.9 719 1 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 1.2 0.1 1 0 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 1.4 0.0 2 0 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 3 2 [rcu_gp] 0.0 0.0 4 2 [rcu_par_gp] 0.0 0.0 6 2 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr 0.0 0.0 9 2 [mm_percpu_wq] 0.0 0.0 #显示安全信息 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -eM LABEL PID TTY TIME CMD - 1 ? 00:00:01 systemd - 2 ? 00:00:00 kthreadd - 3 ? 00:00:00 rcu_gp - 4 ? 00:00:00 rcu_par_gp - 6 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri - 9 ? 00:00:00 mm_percpu_wq - 10 ? 00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0 - 11 ? 00:00:00 rcu_sched - 12 ? 00:00:00 migration/0 - 13 ? 00:00:00 watchdog/0 - 14 ? 00:00:00 cpuhp/0 - 16 ? 00:00:00 kdevtmpfs - 17 ? 00:00:00 netns - 18 ? 00:00:00 kauditd - 19 ? 00:00:00 khungtaskd - 20 ? 00:00:00 oom_reaper - 21 ? 00:00:00 writeback - 22 ? 00:00:00 kcompactd0 - 23 ? 00:00:00 ksmd - 24 ? 00:00:00 khugepaged - 25 ? 00:00:00 crypto - 26 ? 00:00:00 kintegrityd - 27 ? 00:00:00 kblockd - 28 ? 00:00:00 blkcg_punt_bio - 29 ? 00:00:00 tpm_dev_wq - 30 ? 00:00:00 md - 31 ? 00:00:00 edac-poller - 32 ? 00:00:00 watchdogd - 33 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:1H-xfs-log/sda2 - 61 ? 00:00:00 kswapd0 - 154 ? 00:00:00 kthrotld - 155 ? 00:00:00 irq/24-pciehp - 156 ? 00:00:00 irq/25-pciehp - 157 ? 00:00:00 irq/26-pciehp - 158 ? 00:00:00 irq/27-pciehp - 159 ? 00:00:00 irq/28-pciehp - 160 ? 00:00:00 irq/29-pciehp - 161 ? 00:00:00 irq/30-pciehp - 162 ? 00:00:00 irq/31-pciehp - 163 ? 00:00:00 irq/32-pciehp - 164 ? 00:00:00 irq/33-pciehp - 165 ? 00:00:00 irq/34-pciehp - 166 ? 00:00:00 irq/35-pciehp - 167 ? 00:00:00 irq/36-pciehp - 168 ? 00:00:00 irq/37-pciehp - 169 ? 00:00:00 irq/38-pciehp - 170 ? 00:00:00 irq/39-pciehp - 171 ? 00:00:00 irq/40-pciehp - 172 ? 00:00:00 irq/41-pciehp - 173 ? 00:00:00 irq/42-pciehp - 174 ? 00:00:00 irq/43-pciehp - 175 ? 00:00:00 irq/44-pciehp - 176 ? 00:00:00 irq/45-pciehp - 177 ? 00:00:00 irq/46-pciehp - 178 ? 00:00:00 irq/47-pciehp - 179 ? 00:00:00 irq/48-pciehp - 180 ? 00:00:00 irq/49-pciehp - 181 ? 00:00:00 irq/50-pciehp - 182 ? 00:00:00 irq/51-pciehp - 183 ? 00:00:00 irq/52-pciehp - 184 ? 00:00:00 irq/53-pciehp - 185 ? 00:00:00 irq/54-pciehp - 186 ? 00:00:00 irq/55-pciehp - 187 ? 00:00:00 acpi_thermal_pm - 188 ? 00:00:00 kmpath_rdacd - 189 ? 00:00:00 kaluad - 190 ? 00:00:00 ipv6_addrconf - 191 ? 00:00:00 kstrp - 448 ? 00:00:00 mpt_poll_0 - 449 ? 00:00:00 ata_sff - 450 ? 00:00:00 mpt/0 - 451 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_0 - 452 ? 00:00:00 scsi_tmf_0 - 453 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_1 - 454 ? 00:00:00 scsi_tmf_1 - 459 ? 00:00:00 scsi_eh_2 - 460 ? 00:00:00 scsi_tmf_2 - 468 ? 00:00:00 irq/16-vmwgfx - 470 ? 00:00:00 ttm_swap - 471 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc0 - 472 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc1 - 473 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc2 - 474 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc3 - 475 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc4 - 476 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc5 - 477 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc6 - 478 ? 00:00:00 card0-crtc7 - 503 ? 00:00:00 xfsalloc - 504 ? 00:00:00 xfs_mru_cache - 505 ? 00:00:00 xfs-buf/sda2 - 506 ? 00:00:00 xfs-conv/sda2 - 507 ? 00:00:00 xfs-cil/sda2 - 508 ? 00:00:00 xfs-reclaim/sda - 509 ? 00:00:00 xfs-eofblocks/s - 510 ? 00:00:00 xfs-log/sda2 - 511 ? 00:00:00 xfsaild/sda2 - 601 ? 00:00:00 systemd-journal - 635 ? 00:00:00 systemd-udevd - 639 ? 00:00:00 xfs-buf/sda3 - 640 ? 00:00:00 xfs-conv/sda3 - 641 ? 00:00:00 xfs-buf/sda1 - 642 ? 00:00:00 xfs-cil/sda3 - 643 ? 00:00:00 xfs-conv/sda1 - 644 ? 00:00:00 xfs-reclaim/sda - 645 ? 00:00:00 xfs-cil/sda1 - 646 ? 00:00:00 xfs-eofblocks/s - 647 ? 00:00:00 xfs-reclaim/sda - 648 ? 00:00:00 xfs-log/sda3 - 649 ? 00:00:00 xfs-eofblocks/s - 650 ? 00:00:00 xfsaild/sda3 - 651 ? 00:00:00 xfs-log/sda1 - 652 ? 00:00:00 xfsaild/sda1 - 685 ? 00:00:00 auditd - 718 ? 00:00:00 VGAuthService - 719 ? 00:00:08 vmtoolsd - 721 ? 00:00:00 sssd - 723 ? 00:00:00 polkitd - 726 ? 00:00:00 dbus-daemon - 728 ? 00:00:00 NetworkManager - 765 ? 00:00:00 sshd - 767 ? 00:00:01 tuned - 773 ? 00:00:00 sssd_be - 809 ? 00:00:00 sssd_nss - 837 ? 00:00:00 rsyslogd - 838 ? 00:00:00 systemd-logind - 843 ? 00:00:00 crond - 855 tty1 00:00:00 agetty - 1302 ? 00:00:00 systemd - 1305 ? 00:00:00 (sd-pam) - 9556 ? 00:00:02 kworker/u256:0-events_unbound - 10005 ? 00:00:00 anacron - 10186 ? 00:00:00 sshd - 10188 ? 00:00:00 sshd - 10189 pts/2 00:00:00 bash - 10224 ? 00:00:00 cpuhp/1 - 10225 ? 00:00:00 watchdog/1 - 10226 ? 00:00:00 migration/1 - 10227 ? 00:00:00 ksoftirqd/1 - 10228 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:0-xfs-eofblocks/sda2 - 10229 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:0H-events_highpri - 10239 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:1H-kblockd - 10246 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u257:0-hci0 - 10247 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u257:1-hci0 - 10347 ? 00:00:00 kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy - 10449 ? 00:00:00 sshd - 10451 ? 00:00:30 sshd - 10452 pts/1 00:00:00 bash - 10481 ? 00:00:00 sshd - 10483 ? 00:00:00 sshd - 10484 pts/0 00:00:00 bash - 10507 pts/0 00:25:35 dd - 10539 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u256:1-events_unbound - 10544 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:2-ata_sff - 10549 pts/2 00:00:00 su - 10550 pts/2 00:00:00 bash - 10581 pts/2 00:00:00 passwd - 10594 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:3-events - 10630 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:1-ata_sff - 10645 pts/1 00:00:00 ps [root@rocky8 ~]# ps --context PID CONTEXT COMMAND 10452 - -bash 10646 - ps --context #使用以下命令以用户定义的格式显示安全信息 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label EUSER RUSER SUSER FUSER F COMMAND LABEL root root root root 4 systemd - root root root root 1 kthreadd - root root root root 1 rcu_gp - root root root root 1 rcu_par_gp - root root root root 1 kworker/0:0H-ev - root root root root 1 mm_percpu_wq - root root root root 1 ksoftirqd/0 - root root root root 1 rcu_sched - root root root root 1 migration/0 - root root root root 5 watchdog/0 - root root root root 1 cpuhp/0 - root root root root 5 kdevtmpfs - root root root root 1 netns - root root root root 1 kauditd - root root root root 1 khungtaskd - root root root root 1 oom_reaper - root root root root 1 writeback - root root root root 1 kcompactd0 - root root root root 1 ksmd - root root root root 1 khugepaged - root root root root 1 crypto - root root root root 1 kintegrityd - root root root root 1 kblockd - root root root root 1 blkcg_punt_bio - root root root root 1 tpm_dev_wq - root root root root 1 md - root root root root 1 edac-poller - root root root root 1 watchdogd - root root root root 1 kworker/0:1H-kb - root root root root 1 kswapd0 - root root root root 1 kthrotld - root root root root 1 irq/24-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/25-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/26-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/27-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/28-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/29-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/30-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/31-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/32-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/33-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/34-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/35-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/36-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/37-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/38-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/39-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/40-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/41-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/42-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/43-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/44-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/45-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/46-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/47-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/48-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/49-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/50-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/51-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/52-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/53-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/54-pciehp - root root root root 1 irq/55-pciehp - root root root root 1 acpi_thermal_pm - root root root root 1 kmpath_rdacd - root root root root 1 kaluad - root root root root 1 ipv6_addrconf - root root root root 1 kstrp - root root root root 1 mpt_poll_0 - root root root root 1 ata_sff - root root root root 1 mpt/0 - root root root root 1 scsi_eh_0 - root root root root 1 scsi_tmf_0 - root root root root 1 scsi_eh_1 - root root root root 1 scsi_tmf_1 - root root root root 1 scsi_eh_2 - root root root root 1 scsi_tmf_2 - root root root root 1 irq/16-vmwgfx - root root root root 1 ttm_swap - root root root root 1 card0-crtc0 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc1 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc2 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc3 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc4 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc5 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc6 - root root root root 1 card0-crtc7 - root root root root 1 xfsalloc - root root root root 1 xfs_mru_cache - root root root root 1 xfs-buf/sda2 - root root root root 1 xfs-conv/sda2 - root root root root 1 xfs-cil/sda2 - root root root root 1 xfs-reclaim/sda - root root root root 1 xfs-eofblocks/s - root root root root 1 xfs-log/sda2 - root root root root 1 xfsaild/sda2 - root root root root 4 systemd-journal - root root root root 4 systemd-udevd - root root root root 1 xfs-buf/sda3 - root root root root 1 xfs-conv/sda3 - root root root root 1 xfs-buf/sda1 - root root root root 1 xfs-cil/sda3 - root root root root 1 xfs-conv/sda1 - root root root root 1 xfs-reclaim/sda - root root root root 1 xfs-cil/sda1 - root root root root 1 xfs-eofblocks/s - root root root root 1 xfs-reclaim/sda - root root root root 1 xfs-log/sda3 - root root root root 1 xfs-eofblocks/s - root root root root 1 xfsaild/sda3 - root root root root 1 xfs-log/sda1 - root root root root 1 xfsaild/sda1 - root root root root 5 auditd - root root root root 4 VGAuthService - root root root root 4 vmtoolsd - root root root root 4 sssd - polkitd polkitd polkitd polkitd 4 polkitd - dbus dbus dbus dbus 4 dbus-daemon - root root root root 4 NetworkManager - root root root root 4 sshd - root root root root 4 tuned - root root root root 4 sssd_be - root root root root 4 sssd_nss - root root root root 4 rsyslogd - root root root root 4 systemd-logind - root root root root 4 crond - root root root root 4 agetty - root root root root 4 systemd - root root root root 5 (sd-pam) - root root root root 1 kworker/u256:0- - root root root root 1 anacron - root root root root 4 sshd - root root root root 5 sshd - root root root root 0 bash - root root root root 1 cpuhp/1 - root root root root 5 watchdog/1 - root root root root 1 migration/1 - root root root root 1 ksoftirqd/1 - root root root root 1 kworker/1:0-xfs - root root root root 1 kworker/1:0H-ev - root root root root 1 kworker/1:1H-kb - root root root root 1 kworker/u257:0- - root root root root 1 kworker/u257:1- - root root root root 1 kworker/1:3-cgr - root root root root 4 sshd - root root root root 5 sshd - root root root root 0 bash - root root root root 4 sshd - root root root root 5 sshd - root root root root 0 bash - root root root root 0 dd - root root root root 1 kworker/u256:1- - root root root root 1 kworker/0:2-ata - root root root root 4 su - raymond raymond raymond raymond 4 bash - root raymond root root 4 passwd - root root root root 1 kworker/0:3-eve - root root root root 1 kworker/0:1-ata - root root root root 0 ps - #使用watch实用程序执行重复的输出以实现对就程进行实时的监视,如下面的命令显示每秒钟的监视 [root@rocky8 ~]# watch -n 1 'ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd,%mem,%cpu --sort=-%mem | head' Every 1.0s: ps -eo pid,ppid,cmd,%mem,%cpu --sort=-%mem | head rocky8: Sun Oct 31 15:08:58 2021 PID PPID CMD %MEM %CPU 809 721 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 5.1 0.0 767 1 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 3.7 0.0 723 1 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 3.0 0.0 728 1 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 2.2 0.0 773 721 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 1.8 0.0 721 1 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 1.7 0.0 718 1 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 1.4 0.0 1 0 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 1.4 0.0 719 1 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 1.2 0.1
面试题:找到未知进程的执行程序文件路径
[root@rocky8 ~]# echo $BASHPID 10452 [root@rocky8 ~]# ls -l /proc/10452/exe lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Oct 31 14:59 /proc/10452/exe -> /usr/bin/bash
范例:查看优先级和CPU绑定关系
[root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,ni,pri,psr,rtprio |grep migration 12 [migration/0] - 139 0 99 10226 [migration/1] - 139 1 99 10675 grep --color=auto migration 0 19 0 - [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,ni,pri,psr |grep dd 2 [kthreadd] 0 19 0 190 [ipv6_addrconf] -20 39 0 10507 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/nul 0 19 1 10677 grep --color=auto dd 0 19 0
范例:实现进程和CPU的绑定
[root@rocky8 ~]# taskset --help Usage: taskset [options] [mask | cpu-list] [pid|cmd [args...]] Show or change the CPU affinity of a process. Options: -a, --all-tasks operate on all the tasks (threads) for a given pid -p, --pid operate on existing given pid -c, --cpu-list display and specify cpus in list format -h, --help display this help -V, --version display version The default behavior is to run a new command: taskset 03 sshd -b 1024 You can retrieve the mask of an existing task: taskset -p 700 Or set it: taskset -p 03 700 List format uses a comma-separated list instead of a mask: taskset -pc 0,3,7-11 700 Ranges in list format can take a stride argument: e.g. 0-31:2 is equivalent to mask 0x55555555 For more details see taskset(1).
可以显示进程信息,来自于psmisc包
格式:
prtstat [options] PID ...
选项:
-r raw 格式显示
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# prtstat 1 Process: systemd State: S (sleeping) CPU#: 0 TTY: 0:0 Threads: 1 Process, Group and Session IDs Process ID: 1 Parent ID: 0 Group ID: 1 Session ID: 1 T Group ID: -1 Page Faults This Process (minor major): 11337 112 Child Processes (minor major): 843240 193 CPU Times This Process (user system guest blkio): 0.19 1.55 0.00 0.12 Child processes (user system guest): 5.59 6.46 0.00 Memory Vsize: 188 MB RSS: 11 MB RSS Limit: 18446744073709 MB Code Start: 0x55b2f93c0000 Code Stop: 0x55b2f9501359 Stack Start: 0x7ffc98741540 Stack Pointer (ESP): 0 Inst Pointer (EIP): 0 Scheduling Policy: normal Nice: 0 RT Priority: 0 (non RT) [root@rocky8 ~]# prtstat -r 1 pid: 1 comm: systemd state: S ppid: 0 pgrp: 1 session: 1 tty_nr: 0 tpgid: -1 flags: 400100 minflt: 11337 cminflt: 843240 majflt: 112 cmajflt: 193 utime: 19 stime: 155 cutime: 559 cstime: 646 priority: 20 nice: 0 num_threads: 1 itrealvalue: 0 starttime: 1 vsize: 188145664 rss: 2852 rsslim: 18446744073709551615 startcode: 94227173998592 endcode: 94227175314265 startstack: 140722866230592 kstkesp: 0 kstkeip: 0 wchan: 1 nswap: 0 cnswap: 1 exit_signal: 17 processor: 0 rt_priority: 0 policy: 0 delayaccr_blkio_ticks: 12 guest_time: 0 cguest_time: 0
进程优先级调整
nice命令
以指定的优先级来启动进程
nice [OPTION] [COMMAND [ARG]...] -n, --adjustment=N add integer N to the niceness (default 10)
renice命令
可以调整正在执行中的进程的优先级
renice [-n] priority pid...
查看
ps axo pid,comm,ni
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# nice -n -5 ping 127.0.0.1 #nice -n 指定优先级 PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.026 ms 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.044 ms 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.028 ms 64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms ... [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,nice |grep ping 10725 ping 127.0.0.1 -5 10727 grep --color=auto ping 0 [root@rocky8 ~]# prtstat 10725 Process: ping State: S (sleeping) CPU#: 0 TTY: 136:1 Threads: 1 Process, Group and Session IDs Process ID: 10725 Parent ID: 10452 Group ID: 10725 Session ID: 10452 T Group ID: 10725 Page Faults This Process (minor major): 289 0 Child Processes (minor major): 0 0 CPU Times This Process (user system guest blkio): 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Child processes (user system guest): 0.00 0.00 0.00 Memory Vsize: 33 MB RSS: 2433 kB RSS Limit: 18446744073709 MB Code Start: 0x55a1bc407000 Code Stop: 0x55a1bc414f28 Stack Start: 0x7ffdec551ec0 Stack Pointer (ESP): 0 Inst Pointer (EIP): 0 Scheduling Policy: normal Nice: -5 RT Priority: -5 (non RT) [root@rocky8 ~]# renice -n 19 10725 #更改优先级 10725 (process ID) old priority -5, new priority 19 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,nice |grep ping 10725 ping 127.0.0.1 19 10732 grep --color=auto ping 0 [root@rocky8 ~]# renice -n 25 10725 10725 (process ID) old priority 19, new priority 19 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,nice |grep ping 10725 ping 127.0.0.1 19 10735 grep --color=auto ping 0 #nice优先级不能超过19 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,nice,pri,rtprio PID CMD NI PRI RTPRIO 1 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0 19 - 2 [kthreadd] 0 19 - 3 [rcu_gp] -20 39 - 4 [rcu_par_gp] -20 39 - 6 [kworker/0:0H-events_highpr -20 39 - 9 [mm_percpu_wq] -20 39 - 10 [ksoftirqd/0] 0 19 - 11 [rcu_sched] 0 19 - 12 [migration/0] - 139 99 13 [watchdog/0] - 139 99 14 [cpuhp/0] 0 19 - 16 [kdevtmpfs] 0 19 - 17 [netns] -20 39 - 18 [kauditd] 0 19 - 19 [khungtaskd] 0 19 - 20 [oom_reaper] 0 19 - 21 [writeback] -20 39 - 22 [kcompactd0] 0 19 - 23 [ksmd] 5 14 - 24 [khugepaged] 19 0 - 25 [crypto] -20 39 - 26 [kintegrityd] -20 39 - 27 [kblockd] -20 39 - 28 [blkcg_punt_bio] -20 39 - 29 [tpm_dev_wq] -20 39 - 30 [md] -20 39 - 31 [edac-poller] -20 39 - 32 [watchdogd] - 139 99 33 [kworker/0:1H-kblockd] -20 39 - 61 [kswapd0] 0 19 - 154 [kthrotld] -20 39 - 155 [irq/24-pciehp] - 90 50 156 [irq/25-pciehp] - 90 50 157 [irq/26-pciehp] - 90 50 158 [irq/27-pciehp] - 90 50 159 [irq/28-pciehp] - 90 50 160 [irq/29-pciehp] - 90 50 161 [irq/30-pciehp] - 90 50 162 [irq/31-pciehp] - 90 50 163 [irq/32-pciehp] - 90 50 164 [irq/33-pciehp] - 90 50 165 [irq/34-pciehp] - 90 50 166 [irq/35-pciehp] - 90 50 167 [irq/36-pciehp] - 90 50 168 [irq/37-pciehp] - 90 50 169 [irq/38-pciehp] - 90 50 170 [irq/39-pciehp] - 90 50 171 [irq/40-pciehp] - 90 50 172 [irq/41-pciehp] - 90 50 173 [irq/42-pciehp] - 90 50 174 [irq/43-pciehp] - 90 50 175 [irq/44-pciehp] - 90 50 176 [irq/45-pciehp] - 90 50 177 [irq/46-pciehp] - 90 50 178 [irq/47-pciehp] - 90 50 179 [irq/48-pciehp] - 90 50 180 [irq/49-pciehp] - 90 50 181 [irq/50-pciehp] - 90 50 182 [irq/51-pciehp] - 90 50 183 [irq/52-pciehp] - 90 50 184 [irq/53-pciehp] - 90 50 185 [irq/54-pciehp] - 90 50 186 [irq/55-pciehp] - 90 50 187 [acpi_thermal_pm] -20 39 - 188 [kmpath_rdacd] -20 39 - 189 [kaluad] -20 39 - 190 [ipv6_addrconf] -20 39 - 191 [kstrp] -20 39 - 448 [mpt_poll_0] -20 39 - 449 [ata_sff] -20 39 - 450 [mpt/0] -20 39 - 451 [scsi_eh_0] 0 19 - 452 [scsi_tmf_0] -20 39 - 453 [scsi_eh_1] 0 19 - 454 [scsi_tmf_1] -20 39 - 459 [scsi_eh_2] 0 19 - 460 [scsi_tmf_2] -20 39 - 468 [irq/16-vmwgfx] - 90 50 470 [ttm_swap] -20 39 - 471 [card0-crtc0] - 90 50 472 [card0-crtc1] - 90 50 473 [card0-crtc2] - 90 50 474 [card0-crtc3] - 90 50 475 [card0-crtc4] - 90 50 476 [card0-crtc5] - 90 50 477 [card0-crtc6] - 90 50 478 [card0-crtc7] - 90 50 503 [xfsalloc] -20 39 - 504 [xfs_mru_cache] -20 39 - 505 [xfs-buf/sda2] -20 39 - 506 [xfs-conv/sda2] -20 39 - 507 [xfs-cil/sda2] -20 39 - 508 [xfs-reclaim/sda] -20 39 - 509 [xfs-eofblocks/s] -20 39 - 510 [xfs-log/sda2] -20 39 - 511 [xfsaild/sda2] 0 19 - 601 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-jo 0 19 - 635 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-ud 0 19 - 639 [xfs-buf/sda3] -20 39 - 640 [xfs-conv/sda3] -20 39 - 641 [xfs-buf/sda1] -20 39 - 642 [xfs-cil/sda3] -20 39 - 643 [xfs-conv/sda1] -20 39 - 644 [xfs-reclaim/sda] -20 39 - 645 [xfs-cil/sda1] -20 39 - 646 [xfs-eofblocks/s] -20 39 - 647 [xfs-reclaim/sda] -20 39 - 648 [xfs-log/sda3] -20 39 - 649 [xfs-eofblocks/s] -20 39 - 650 [xfsaild/sda3] 0 19 - 651 [xfs-log/sda1] -20 39 - 652 [xfsaild/sda1] 0 19 - 685 /sbin/auditd -4 23 - 718 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 0 19 - 719 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 0 19 - 721 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger= 0 19 - 723 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd - 0 19 - 726 /usr/bin/dbus-daemon --syst 0 19 - 728 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager -- 0 19 - 765 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers 0 19 - 767 /usr/libexec/platform-pytho 0 19 - 773 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be - 0 19 - 809 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss 0 19 - 837 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n 0 19 - 838 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-lo 0 19 - 843 /usr/sbin/crond -n 0 19 - 855 /sbin/agetty -o -p -- \u -- 0 19 - 1302 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd -- 0 19 - 1305 (sd-pam) 0 19 - 9556 [kworker/u256:0-events_unbo 0 19 - 10186 sshd: root [priv] 0 19 - 10188 sshd: root@pts/2 0 19 - 10189 -bash 0 19 - 10224 [cpuhp/1] 0 19 - 10225 [watchdog/1] - 139 99 10226 [migration/1] - 139 99 10227 [ksoftirqd/1] 0 19 - 10228 [kworker/1:0-mm_percpu_wq] 0 19 - 10229 [kworker/1:0H-events_highpr -20 39 - 10239 [kworker/1:1H-kblockd] -20 39 - 10246 [kworker/u257:0-hci0] -20 39 - 10247 [kworker/u257:1-hci0] -20 39 - 10347 [kworker/1:3-cgroup_destroy 0 19 - 10449 sshd: root [priv] 0 19 - 10451 sshd: root@pts/1 0 19 - 10452 -bash 0 19 - 10481 sshd: root [priv] 0 19 - 10483 sshd: root@pts/0 0 19 - 10484 -bash 0 19 - 10539 [kworker/u256:1-events_unbo 0 19 - 10549 su - raymond 0 19 - 10550 -bash 0 19 - 10581 passwd 0 19 - 10690 [kworker/0:1-events] 0 19 - 10704 vim anaconda-ks.cfg 0 19 - 10720 [kworker/0:2-ata_sff] 0 19 - 10725 ping 127.0.0.1 19 0 - 10729 [kworker/0:0-ata_sff] 0 19 - 10736 ps axo pid,cmd,nice,pri,rtp 0 19 - [root@rocky8 ~]# man ps ... pri PRI priority of the process. Higher number means lower priority.
按条件搜索进程
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# ps aux |grep bash root 10189 0.0 0.4 26244 3884 pts/2 Ss 14:35 0:00 -bash root 10452 0.0 0.4 26244 4000 pts/1 Ss 14:41 0:00 -bash root 10484 0.0 0.4 26244 3900 pts/0 Ss 14:41 0:00 -bash raymond 10550 0.0 0.4 24120 3872 pts/2 S 14:51 0:00 -bash root 10762 0.0 0.1 12136 1044 pts/0 S+ 16:47 0:00 grep --color=auto bash
命令格式
pgrep [options] pattern
常用选项
-u uid: effective user,生效者 -U uid: real user,真正发起运行命令者 -t terminal: 与指定终端相关的进程 -l: 显示进程名 -a: 显示完整格式的进程名 -P pid: 显示指定进程的子进程
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep --help Usage: pgrep [options] <pattern> Options: -d, --delimiter <string> specify output delimiter -l, --list-name list PID and process name -a, --list-full list PID and full command line -v, --inverse negates the matching -w, --lightweight list all TID -c, --count count of matching processes -f, --full use full process name to match -g, --pgroup <PGID,...> match listed process group IDs -G, --group <GID,...> match real group IDs -i, --ignore-case match case insensitively -n, --newest select most recently started -o, --oldest select least recently started -P, --parent <PPID,...> match only child processes of the given parent -s, --session <SID,...> match session IDs -t, --terminal <tty,...> match by controlling terminal -u, --euid <ID,...> match by effective IDs -U, --uid <ID,...> match by real IDs -x, --exact match exactly with the command name -F, --pidfile <file> read PIDs from file -L, --logpidfile fail if PID file is not locked --ns <PID> match the processes that belong to the same namespace as <pid> --nslist <ns,...> list which namespaces will be considered for the --ns option. Available namespaces: ipc, mnt, net, pid, user, uts -h, --help display this help and exit -V, --version output version information and exit For more details see pgrep(1). [root@rocky8 ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep dd 2 190 28954 [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -a dd 2 kthreadd 190 ipv6_addrconf 28954 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -a ^dd 28954 dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -u raymond [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -U raymond [root@rocky8 ~]# su - raymond Last login: Sun Oct 31 14:51:21 CST 2021 on pts/2 [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -u raymond 10770 [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -U raymond 10770 [raymond@rocky8 ~]$ passwd Changing password for user raymond. Current password: [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -au raymond #u 有效用户 10770 -bash [root@rocky8 ~]# pgrep -aU raymond #U 真正用户 10770 -bash 10799 passwd [root@rocky8 ~]# ps axo pid,cmd,ruser,euser ... 10769 su - raymond root root 10770 -bash raymond raymond 10799 passwd raymond root 10802 [kworker/0:3] root root 10803 ps axo pid,cmd,ruser,euser root root [raymond@rocky8 ~]$ tty /dev/pts/0 [raymond@rocky8 ~]$ pgrep -t pts/0 10484 10769 10770 [raymond@rocky8 ~]$ pgrep -at pts/0 10484 -bash 10769 su - raymond 10770 -bash
命令格式
pidof [options] [program [...]]
常用选项:
-x 按脚本名称查找pid
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# pidof bash 10770 10484 10452 10189 [root@rocky8 ~]# vim test.sh #!/bin/bash # #********************************************************************************************** #Author: Raymond #QQ: 88563128 #Date: 2021-10-31 #FileName: test.sh #URL: raymond.blog.csdn.net #Description: The test script #Copyright (C): 2021 All rights reserved #********************************************************************************************* sleep 100 [root@rocky8 ~]# chmod +x test.sh [root@rocky8 ~]# ./test.sh [root@rocky8 ~]# pidof test.sh [root@rocky8 ~]# pidof -x test.sh 10811 [root@rocky8 ~]# ps aux |grep bash root 10189 0.0 0.4 26244 3884 pts/2 Ss 14:35 0:00 -bash root 10452 0.0 0.4 26244 4000 pts/1 Ss 14:41 0:00 -bash root 10484 0.0 0.4 26244 3900 pts/0 Ss 14:41 0:00 -bash raymond 10770 0.0 0.4 24120 3952 pts/0 S+ 16:49 0:00 -bash root 10811 0.0 0.3 12724 2948 pts/1 S+ 16:55 0:00 /bin/bash ./test.sh root 10816 0.0 0.1 12136 1140 pts/2 S+ 16:56 0:00 grep --color=auto bash
/proc/uptime 包括两个值,单位 s
uptime 和 w 显示以下内容
系统平均负载: 指在特定时间间隔内运行队列中的平均进程数,通常每个CPU内核的当前活动进程数不大于3,那么系统的性能良好。如果每个CPU内核的任务数大于5,那么此主机的性能有严重问题
如:linux主机是1个双核CPU,当Load Average 为6的时候说明机器已经被充分使用
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# cat /proc/uptime 14042.49 14304.52 [root@rocky8 ~]# echo 14042/60|bc 234 [root@rocky8 ~]# uptime 16:58:47 up 3:55, 3 users, load average: 0.06, 0.03, 0.18
来自于sysstat包
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# mpstat -bash: mpstat: command not found [root@rocky8 ~]# dnf provides mpstat Last metadata expiration check: 3:03:05 ago on Sun 31 Oct 2021 01:57:28 PM CST. sysstat-11.7.3-5.el8.x86_64 : Collection of performance monitoring tools for Linux Repo : AppStream Matched from: Filename : /usr/bin/mpstat [root@rocky8 ~]# dnf -y install sysstat [root@rocky8 ~]# mpstat Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8_4.x86_64 (rocky8) 10/31/2021 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) 05:01:01 PM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 05:01:01 PM all 7.54 0.01 26.73 0.01 0.27 1.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 64.37 #%usr 用户空间CPU占用多少 %nice 优先级 %sys 内核空间占用多少 %iowait IO等待 %irq 硬中断 %soft 软中断 %steal 被盗取时间(虚拟机) %guest 宾客(虚拟CPU) %gnice niceguset(虚拟机) %idle 空闲 [root@rocky8 ~]# mpstat 1 #一秒观察一次 Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8_4.x86_64 (rocky8) 10/31/2021 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) 05:01:39 PM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 05:01:40 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:01:41 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.50 05:01:42 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:01:43 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:01:44 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:01:45 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:01:46 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.50 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 98.51 05:01:47 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:01:48 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 ^C Average: all 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.78 [root@rocky8 ~]# mpstat 1 3 #一秒观察一次,3次退出 Linux 4.18.0-305.3.1.el8_4.x86_64 (rocky8) 10/31/2021 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) 05:02:17 PM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle 05:02:18 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 05:02:19 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.50 05:02:20 PM all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.50 Average: all 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.67
top 提供动态的实时进程状态
有许多内置命令
帮助:h 或 ? ,按 q 或esc 退出帮助
排序: P:以占据的CPU百分比,%CPU M:占据内存百分比,%MEM T:累积占据CPU时长,TIME+ 首部信息显示: uptime信息:l命令 tasks及cpu信息:t命令 cpu分别显示:1 (数字) memory信息:m命令 退出命令:q 修改刷新时间间隔:s 终止指定进程:k 保存文件:W
top命令栏位信息简介
us:用户空间 sy:内核空间 ni:调整nice时间 id:空闲 wa:等待IO时间 hi:硬中断 si:软中断(模式切换) st:虚拟机偷走的时间
top选项:
-d # 指定刷新时间间隔,默认为3秒 -b 全部显示所有进程 -n # 刷新多少次后退出 -H 线程模式
示例:
top -H -p `pidof mysqld`
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# top top - 17:08:02 up 4:04, 3 users, load average: 0.01, 0.00, 0.08 Tasks: 159 total, 1 running, 157 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 159.0 free, 209.1 used, 414.2 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2047.7 free, 0.3 used. 441.4 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 767 root 20 0 414624 30068 14780 S 0.4 3.8 0:01.98 tuned 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.94 systemd 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_gp 4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp 6 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 ksoftirqd/0 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:01.65 rcu_sched 12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuhp/0 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 oom_reaper 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kcompactd0 23 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd #PR top 优先级 NI nice优先级 VIRT 虚拟内存 RES 实际物理内存 SHR 共享内存 S 状态 %CPU CPU利用率 %MEM 内存利用率 TIME+ 运行时间 COMMAND 命令 [root@rocky8 ~]# top top - 17:08:49 up 4:05, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.08 Tasks: 159 total, 1 running, 157 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu0 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.6 id, 0.0 wa, 0.4 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st %Cpu1 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 159.3 free, 208.9 used, 414.2 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2047.7 free, 0.3 used. 441.7 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.94 systemd 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_gp 4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp 6 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 ksoftirqd/0 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:01.65 rcu_sched 12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuhp/0 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 oom_reaper 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kcompactd0 23 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd #按1,显示多个CPU [root@rocky8 ~]# top Tasks: 159 total, 2 running, 156 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.3 id, 0.0 wa, 0.7 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 159.5 free, 208.6 used, 414.2 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2047.7 free, 0.3 used. 441.9 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 11849 root 20 0 65428 4388 3752 R 1.4 0.5 0:00.01 top 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.94 systemd 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_gp 4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp 6 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 ksoftirqd/0 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:01.66 rcu_sched 12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuhp/0 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 oom_reaper 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kcompactd0 23 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd 24 root 39 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.13 khugepaged #l 隐藏uptime 显示的内容 [root@rocky8 ~]# top top - 17:10:46 up 4:07, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.07 Tasks: 158 total, 1 running, 156 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu0 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st %Cpu1 : 0.0 us, 0.0 sy, 0.0 ni,100.0 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 159.0 free, 209.1 used, 414.2 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2047.7 free, 0.3 used. 441.4 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 10188 root 20 0 153404 7084 5852 S 0.5 0.9 0:00.28 sshd 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.94 systemd 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_gp 4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp 6 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 ksoftirqd/0 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:01.66 rcu_sched 12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuhp/0 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 oom_reaper 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kcompactd0 #t 显示CPU使用率的不同风格 [root@rocky8 ~]# top top - 17:11:44 up 4:07, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.06 Tasks: 158 total, 2 running, 155 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.3 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.3 id, 0.0 wa, 0.3 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 43.5/782.4 [|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ] MiB Swap: 0.0/2048.0 [ ] PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.95 systemd 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_gp 4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp 6 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 ksoftirqd/0 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:01.67 rcu_sched 12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuhp/0 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 oom_reaper 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kcompactd0 23 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd 24 root 39 19 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.13 khugepaged #m 显示内存使用率的不同风格 #k 可以杀死进程 [root@rocky8 ~]# top top - 17:13:12 up 4:09, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.05 Tasks: 157 total, 2 running, 154 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.4 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.6 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 159.3 free, 208.8 used, 414.2 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2047.7 free, 0.3 used. 441.7 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 809 root 20 0 227116 40756 39068 S 0.0 5.1 0:00.37 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_nss --uid 0 --gid 0 --logger=files 767 root 20 0 414624 30068 14780 S 0.0 3.8 0:02.00 /usr/libexec/platform-python -Es /usr/sbin/tuned -l -P 723 polkitd 20 0 1630348 24108 17076 S 0.0 3.0 0:00.12 /usr/lib/polkit-1/polkitd --no-debug 728 root 20 0 391536 18032 15772 S 0.0 2.3 0:00.36 /usr/sbin/NetworkManager --no-daemon 773 root 20 0 225680 14896 12124 S 0.0 1.9 0:00.28 /usr/libexec/sssd/sssd_be --domain implicit_files --uid 0 --gid 0 --lo+ 721 root 20 0 216924 14128 12076 S 0.0 1.8 0:00.08 /usr/sbin/sssd -i --logger=files 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.95 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 17 718 root 20 0 86200 11220 9540 S 0.0 1.4 0:00.03 /usr/bin/VGAuthService -s 719 root 20 0 352128 10608 8872 S 0.0 1.3 0:12.87 /usr/bin/vmtoolsd 1302 root 20 0 100692 9904 8536 S 0.0 1.2 0:00.07 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --user 635 root 20 0 124580 9872 7952 S 0.0 1.2 0:00.22 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-udevd 601 root 20 0 97720 9372 8336 S 0.0 1.2 0:00.15 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-journald 10449 root 20 0 139184 8808 7616 S 0.0 1.1 0:00.01 sshd: root [priv] 10481 root 20 0 139184 8740 7552 S 0.0 1.1 0:00.00 sshd: root [priv] 10186 root 20 0 139184 8668 7476 S 0.0 1.1 0:00.01 sshd: root [priv] 838 root 20 0 103976 8212 7208 S 0.0 1.0 0:00.06 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-logind 765 root 20 0 94444 7972 7032 S 0.0 1.0 0:00.01 /usr/sbin/sshd -D -oCiphers=aes256-gcm@openssh.com,chacha20-poly1305@o+ 10704 root 20 0 46888 7968 5172 T 0.0 1.0 0:00.00 vim anaconda-ks.cfg 10188 root 20 0 153404 7084 5852 S 0.0 0.9 0:00.33 sshd: root@pts/2 10451 root 20 0 153404 7068 5836 S 0.0 0.9 0:30.51 sshd: root@pts/1 #默认以CPU使用率排序,按M以内存使用率排序 [root@rocky8 ~]# top top - 17:13:51 up 4:10, 3 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.05 Tasks: 157 total, 1 running, 155 sleeping, 1 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.2 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.8 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.0 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 159.1 free, 209.1 used, 414.2 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2047.7 free, 0.3 used. 441.5 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 719 root 20 0 352128 10608 8872 S 0.3 1.3 0:12.90 vmtoolsd 1 root 20 0 184004 11740 8964 S 0.0 1.5 0:01.95 systemd 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 kthreadd 3 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_gp 4 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 rcu_par_gp 6 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri 9 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 mm_percpu_wq 10 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.23 ksoftirqd/0 11 root 20 0 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:01.69 rcu_sched 12 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 13 root rt 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 watchdog/0 14 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 cpuhp/0 16 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kdevtmpfs 17 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 netns 18 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kauditd 19 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 khungtaskd 20 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 oom_reaper 21 root 0 -20 0 0 0 I 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 writeback 22 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kcompactd0 23 root 25 5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 ksmd #按P 以CPU使用率排序 [root@rocky8 ~]# dnf -y install mysql-server [root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld [root@rocky8 ~]# top -H -p `pidof mysqld` top - 17:24:12 up 4:20, 3 users, load average: 0.11, 0.08, 0.06 Threads: 37 total, 0 running, 37 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie %Cpu(s): 0.0 us, 0.2 sy, 0.0 ni, 99.5 id, 0.0 wa, 0.2 hi, 0.2 si, 0.0 st MiB Mem : 782.4 total, 55.2 free, 526.5 used, 200.7 buff/cache MiB Swap: 2048.0 total, 2034.6 free, 13.4 used. 136.8 avail Mem PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 14755 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.32 mysqld 14759 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14760 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14761 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.01 mysqld 14762 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14763 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.01 mysqld 14764 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14765 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14766 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14767 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14768 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14769 mysql 0 -20 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.01 mysqld 14770 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.01 mysqld 14771 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.05 mysqld 14772 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.05 mysqld 14773 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.06 mysqld 14774 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.05 mysqld 14777 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld 14778 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.01 mysqld 14779 mysql 20 0 1774332 385244 35728 S 0.0 48.1 0:00.00 mysqld #指定进程的相关信息,-H 显示线程
htop命令:增强版的TOP命令,来自EPEL源,比top功能更强
[root@rocky8 ~]# htop -bash: htop: command not found [root@rocky8 ~]# dnf provides htop Last metadata expiration check: 3:08:23 ago on Sun 31 Oct 2021 01:57:28 PM CST. htop-3.0.5-1.el8.x86_64 : Interactive process viewer Repo : epel Matched from: Provide : htop = 3.0.5-1.el8 [root@rocky8 ~]# dnf -y install htop [root@rocky8 ~]# htop
选项:
-d #: 指定延迟时间; -u UserName: 仅显示指定用户的进程 -s COLUME: 以指定字段进行排序
子命令:
s:跟踪选定进程的系统调用 l:显示选定进程打开的文件列表 a:将选定的进程绑定至某指定CPU核心 t:显示进程树
free 可以显示内存空间使用状态
格式:
free [OPTION]
常用选项:
-b 以字节为单位 -m 以MB为单位 -g 以GB为单位 -h 易读格式 -o 不显示-/+buffers/cache行 -t 显示RAM + swap的总和 -s n 刷新间隔为n秒 -c n 刷新n次后即退出
范例:
[root@rocky8 ~]# free total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 801164 539276 58688 872 203200 140668 Swap: 2097148 13740 2083408 [root@rocky8 ~]# free -h total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 526Mi 57Mi 0.0Ki 198Mi 137Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi [root@centos6 ~]# free -h total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 979M 312M 666M 240K 14M 212M -/+ buffers/cache: 86M 893M Swap: 2.0G 0B 2.0G [root@rocky8 ~]# free -h -s 3 -c 5 #-s 3 每3秒刷新一次 -c 5 刷新5次 total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 526Mi 57Mi 0.0Ki 198Mi 137Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 526Mi 57Mi 0.0Ki 198Mi 137Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 526Mi 57Mi 0.0Ki 198Mi 137Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 525Mi 58Mi 0.0Ki 198Mi 138Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 525Mi 58Mi 0.0Ki 198Mi 138Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi [root@rocky8 ~]# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches #清空buff/cache [root@rocky8 ~]# free -h total used free shared buff/cache available Mem: 782Mi 523Mi 164Mi 0.0Ki 94Mi 152Mi Swap: 2.0Gi 13Mi 2.0Gi