配置flyway

• 配置application.yml文件
  可以在Spring Boot Reference Documentation的Application Properties中找到关于application.yml的各种配置
  • 配置数据源

    spring:
      profiles:
        active: ${SPRING_PROFILE}
      datasource:
        url: jdbc:postgresql://${DB_HOST}:${DB_PORT}/${DB_NAME}
        username: ${DB_USER}
        password: ${DB_USER_PASSWORD}
        driver-class-name: org.postgresql.Driver
    

  • 开启详细日志打印（在定位问题时很有用）：

    logging:
      level:
        root: debug
    

• 在build.gradle里添加依赖

    implementation 'org.flywaydb:flyway-core:8.0.1'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:2.5.6'
	runtimeOnly 'org.postgresql:postgresql:42.3.0'

spring-boot-starter-jdbc可用于确保datasource可连接。

集成测试

当在项目中配置了数据库，又打算写集成测试时，有两种方案可以选择：

方案1

借助h2数据库搭建测试数据库

• 在build.gradle文件中添加依赖：testImplementation ‘com.h2database:h2:1.4.200’
• 在application-test.yml中添加配置：

spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:h2:~/test
    username: lead_store_user
    password: lead_store

• 编写继承测试

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@DirtiesContext(classMode = ClassMode.BEFORE_EACH_TEST_METHOD)
class BooleanTest {
@Test
public void isTure {
assertThat(true, is(true));
}
}

• 在配置了flyway的情况下，若执行flyway管理的sql报错之后，修复sql正确后，可以在测试中加上如下Bean

@Configuration
public class TestConfiguration {
  @Bean
  @Profile("test")
  public FlywayMigrationStrategy cleanMigrateStrategy() {
    return Flyway::repair;
  }
}

方案2

借助TestContainer搭建测试数据库
参考文档：spring-boot-testcontainers-integration-test

• 在build.gradle文件中添加依赖：

    testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.16.2'
    testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:testcontainers:1.15.3'

• 编写继承测试的Base类，并由其他集成测试类继承

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ContextConfiguration(initializers = {IntegrationTestBase.DatabaseConnectionInjector.class})
public class IntegrationTestBase {
  private static final PostgreSQLContainer POSTGRE_SQL_CONTAINER =
      new PostgreSQLContainer("postgres:12.8")
          .withDatabaseName("db_name")
          .withUsername("user_name")
          .withPassword("password");

  static {
    POSTGRE_SQL_CONTAINER.start();
  }

  static class DatabaseConnectionInjector
      implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {

    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
      TestPropertyValues.of(
              "spring.datasource.url=" + POSTGRE_SQL_CONTAINER.getJdbcUrl(),
              "spring.datasource.username=" + POSTGRE_SQL_CONTAINER.getUsername(),
              "spring.datasource.password=" + POSTGRE_SQL_CONTAINER.getPassword())
          .applyTo(applicationContext.getEnvironment());
    }
  }
}

在docker中运行测试时，如果出现如下报错java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not find a valid Docker environment. Please see logs and check configuration可以在TestContainer仓库的Issue中找到解决方案, 需要在测试容器中添加如下卷：

    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock

挂载的/var/run/docker.sock文件是Docker守护进程(Docker daemon)默认监听的Unix域套接字(Unix domain socket)，容器中的进程可以通过它与Docker守护进程进行通信。