爬取的目标网址：https://music.douban.com/top250

利用lxml库，获取前10页的信息，需要爬取的信息包括歌曲名、表演者、流派、发行时间、评分和评论人数，把这些信息存到csv和xls文件

在爬取的数据保存到csv文件时，有可能每一行数据后都会出现空一行，查阅资料后，发现用newline=''可解决，但又会出现错误：'gbk' codec can't encode character '\xb3' in position 1: illegal multibyte sequence，然后可用encoding = "gb18030"解决

代码：

import xlwt
import csv
import requests
from lxml import etree
import time

list_music = []
#请求头
headers={"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.81 Safari/537.36"}
#爬取的内容保存在csv文件中
f = open(r"D:\Python爬虫\doubanmusic.csv","w+",newline = '',encoding = "gb18030")
writer = csv.writer(f,dialect = 'excel')
#csv文件中第一行写入标题
writer.writerow(["song","singer","time","liupai","mark","coment"])


#定义爬取内容的函数
def music_info(url):
    html = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
    selector = etree.HTML(html.text)
    infos = selector.xpath('//tr[@class="item"]')
    for info in infos:
        song = info.xpath('td[2]/div/a/text()')[0].strip()
        singer = info.xpath('td[2]/div/p/text()')[0].split("/")[0]
        times = info.xpath('td[2]/div/p/text()')[0].split("/")[1]
        liupai = info.xpath('td[2]/div/p/text()')[0].split("/")[-1]
        mark = info.xpath('td[2]/div/div/span[2]/text()')[0].strip()
        coment = info.xpath('td[2]/div/div/span[3]/text()')[0].strip().strip("(").strip(")").strip()
        list_info = [song,singer,times,liupai,mark,coment]
        writer.writerow([song,singer,times,liupai,mark,coment])
        list_music.append(list_info)
    #防止请求频繁，故睡眠1秒
    time.sleep(1)
    
if __name__ == '__main__':
    urls = ['https://music.douban.com/top250?start={}'.format(str(i)) for i in range(0,250,25)]
    #调用函数music_info循环爬取内容
    for url in urls:
        music_info(url)

    
    #关闭csv文件
    f.close()
    #爬取的内容保存在xls文件中
    header = ["song","singer","time","liupai","mark","coment"]
    #打开工作簿
    book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
    #建立Sheet1工作表
    sheet = book.add_sheet('Sheet1')
    for h in range(len(header)):
        sheet.write(0, h, header[h])
    i = 1
    for list in list_music:
        j = 0
        for data in list:
            sheet.write(i, j, data)
            j += 1
        i += 1
    #保存文件
    book.save('doubanmusic.xls')

结果部分截图：