Net Core教程
C#对串口数据接收、发送的处理
本文主要是介绍C#对串口数据接收、发送的处理，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
最近在做与设备进行串口通信交互的项目，然后简单记录一下过程
使用的winform应用程序
1.在工具箱拖拽SerialPort控件
引用串口命名控件
using System.IO.Ports;
2.先获取电脑所有串口列表
获取到列表后绑定给conboBox,以便选择串口打开
String[] portnames = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
foreach (var item in portnames)
{
comboBox1.Items.Add(item);
}
3.实例化串口打开串口
string aaa = comboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString();
serialPort11 = new SerialPort(aaa, 9600, Parity.None, 8, StopBits.One); //初始化串口设置 serialPort11 声明为全局变量
serialPort1.Open();
if (serialPort1.IsOpen)
{
MessageBox.Show("打开成功");
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("打开失败");
}
4.在控件的接收数据事件中获取串口发送来的数据
private List<byte> buffer = new List<byte>(4096);
private void serialPort1_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
string receive = "";//数据接收
try
{
Thread.Sleep(50); //（毫秒）等待一定时间，确保数据的完整性 int len
int length = serialPort11.BytesToRead;
if (length != 0)
{
byte[] buff = new byte[length];
serialPort11.Read(buff, 0, length);
//receive = Encoding.Default.GetString(buff);//数据接收内容
//textBox1.Text = receive + "\r\n";
//1.缓存数据
buffer.AddRange(buff);
//2.完整性判断
while (buffer.Count >= 4) //至少包含帧头（2字节）、长度（1字节）、校验位（1字节）；根据设计不同而不同
{
//2.1 查找数据头
if (buffer[0] == 0x01) //传输数据有帧头，用于判断
{
int len = buffer[2];
if (buffer.Count < len + 4) //数据区尚未接收完整
{
break;
}
receive = Encoding.Default.GetString(buff);//数据接收内容
writetxt(receive);
textBox1.Text = receive + "\r\n";
buffer.RemoveRange(0, len + 4);
}
else //帧头不正确时，记得清除
{
buffer.RemoveAt(0);
}
}
}
}
catch
{
return;
}
}
发送接收 完整代码示例
源码下载地址demo
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Threading;//线程申明
namespace ck3
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
private void CheckPort()//检查串口是否可用
{
ckCheckBox.Items.Clear();//清除控件中的当前值
bool havePort = false;
string[] a = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
if (a != null)
{
for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
{
bool use = false;
try
{
SerialPort t = new SerialPort(a[i]);
sp.Open();
sp.Close();
use = true;
}
catch
{
}
if (use)
{
ckCheckBox.Items.Add(a[i]);
havePort = true;
}
}
}
if (havePort)
{
ckCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 0;//??
}
else
{
MessageBox.Show("无可用串口...", "错误");
}
}
private void SetPort()//设置串口
{
try
{
sp.PortName = ckCheckBox.Text.Trim();//串口名给了串口类
sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(SendBox.Text.Trim());//Trim除去前后空格，讲文本转换为32位字符给予串口类
if (JywCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "奇校验")
{
sp.Parity = Parity.Odd;//将奇校验位给了sp的协议
}
else if (JywCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "偶校验")
{
sp.Parity = Parity.Even;
}
else
{
sp.Parity = Parity.None;
}
if (StopCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "1.5")
{
sp.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;//设置停止位有几位
}
else if (StopCheckBox.Text.Trim() == "2")
{
sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
}
else
{
sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
}
sp.DataBits = Convert.ToInt16(DataBox.Text.ToString().Trim());//数据位
sp.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;//串口通信的编码格式
sp.Open();
}
catch { }
}
private string HexToASCII(string str)
{
try
{
string[] mystr1 = str.Trim().Split(' ');
byte[] t = new byte[mystr1.Length];
for (int i = 0; i < t.Length; i++)
{
t[i] = Convert.ToByte(mystr1[i], 16);
}
return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(t);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
rbtReceicedAscii.Select();
MessageBox.Show("转换失败！" + ex.Message, "错误提示");
return str;
}
}
private string ASCIIToHex(string my2)
{
try
{
byte[] a = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(my2.Trim());
string mystr1 = "";
for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; i++)
{
mystr1 += a[i].ToString("X2") + " ";
}
return mystr1;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
rbtReceicedAscii.Select();
MessageBox.Show("转换失败！" + ex.Message, "错误提示");
return my2;
}
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
statusText.Text = "";//状态条初始化
//设置窗口大小
this.MaximizeBox = false;//隐藏最大化按钮
this.MaximumSize = this.Size;//固定窗口尺寸最大为当前尺寸
this.MinimumSize = this.Size;//固定窗口尺寸最小为当前尺寸
BtlCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 5;
// JywCheckBox.Items.Clear();
JywCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 1;
StopCheckBox.SelectedIndex = 1;
// DataBox.Items.Clear();
DataBox.SelectedIndex = 1;
statusText.Text = "";
rbtSendAscii.Select();//默认选择ASCII字符显示
rbtReceicedAscii.Select();//默认选择ASCII字符显示
}
private void btnChecked_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
statusText.Text = "检测串口开始！";
CheckPort();
statusText.Text = "串口检测完成！";
}
private void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
Thread.Sleep(100);//等待
this.Invoke((EventHandler)(delegate //异步委托一个线程
{
try
{
byte[] a = new byte[sp.BytesToRead];//读出缓冲区串口通信的字节
sp.Read(a, 0, a.Length);//写入sp
string my2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(a);
string b = "";
if (rbtSendAscii.Checked)
{
b = ASCIIToHex(my2);
}
else
{
b = my2;
}
RecevieBox.Text += b + "\r\n";
statusText.Text = "接收成功！";
}
catch
{
statusText.Text = "接收失败！";
}
}));
}
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
//发送按钮
private void button1_Click_1(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
string mystr1 = SendBox.Text;
if (SixtyRe.Checked)//radio如果选择十六进制 则进行转换
{
mystr1 = HexToASCII(SendBox.Text);
}
byte[] a = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(mystr1);
string mystr2 = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(a);
sp.Write(mystr2);//将数据写入串行端口输出缓冲区
// tbxReceivedData.Text += tbxSendData.Text + "\r\n";
statusText.Text = "发送成功！";
}
catch
{
statusText.Text = "发送失败";
}
}
private void button1_Click_2(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
RecevieBox.Text = " ";
SendBox.Text = " ";
}
private void BtnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (BtnOpen.Text == "打开串口")
{
SetPort();
if (sp.IsOpen)
{
statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "已打开！";
}
else
{
try
{
sp.Open();
btnChecked.Enabled = false;
ckCheckBox.Enabled = false;
BtlCheckBox.Enabled = false;
JywCheckBox.Enabled = false;
StopCheckBox.Enabled = false;
DataBox.Enabled = false;
BtnOpen.Text = "关闭串口";
statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "打开成功！";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "打开失败,失败原因：" + ex.Message, "错误提示");
statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "打开失败,失败原因：" + ex.Message;
}
}
}
else //关闭串口
{
if (sp.IsOpen) //判断串口是否打开
{
try
{
sp.Close(); //关闭串口
//启用设置控件
btnChecked.Enabled = true;
ckCheckBox.Enabled = true;
BtlCheckBox.Enabled = true;
JywCheckBox.Enabled = true;
StopCheckBox.Enabled = true;
DataBox.Enabled = true;
BtnOpen.Text = "打开串口";
statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "关闭成功！";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show("串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "关闭失败,错误提示：" + ex.Message, "错误提示");
statusText.Text = "串口" + ckCheckBox.Text + "关闭失败,错误提示：" + ex.Message;
}
}
else
{
btnChecked.Enabled = true;
ckCheckBox.Enabled = true;
BtlCheckBox.Enabled = true;
JywCheckBox.Enabled = true;
StopCheckBox.Enabled = true;
DataBox.Enabled = true;
BtnOpen.Text = "打开串口";
statusText.Text = "串口未打开，无法关闭！";
MessageBox.Show("串口未打开，无法关闭！", "错误提示");
}
}
}
private void SixtySend_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (SixtyRe.Checked)//radio如果选择十六进制 则进行转换
{
SendBox.Text = ASCIIToHex(SendBox.Text.ToString());
}
}
}
}
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