在这篇文章中呢,我将为大家分享Kotlin与Java上的主要异同,希望能够帮助到各位小伙伴利用现有的Java知识快速上手Kotlin开发。
相关视频资料:
Kotlin协程从实战到原理
Koltin语言核心点总结和实践
Java
System.out.print("hello world"); System.out.println("hello world");
Kotlin
print("hello world") println("hello world")
Java
String name = "hello world"; final String name = "hello world";
Kotlin
var name = "hello world" val name = "hello world"
Java
String otherName; otherName = null;
Kotlin
var otherName : String? otherName = null
Java
if (text != null) { int length = text.length(); }
Kotlin
text?.let { val length = text.length } // or simply val length = text?.length
Java
String firstName = "Android"; String lastName = "Architect"; String message = "My name is: " + firstName + " " + lastName;
Kotlin
val firstName = "Android" val lastName = "Architect" val message = "My name is: $firstName $lastName"
Java
String text = "First Line\n" + "Second Line\n" + "Third Line";
Kotlin
val text = """ |First Line |Second Line |Third Line """.trimMargin()
Java
String text = x > 5 ? "x > 5" : "x <= 5";
Kotlin
val text = if (x > 5) "x > 5" else "x <= 5"
java
final int andResult = a & b; final int orResult = a | b; final int xorResult = a ^ b; final int rightShift = a >> 2; final int leftShift = a << 2; final int unsignedRightShift = a >>> 2;
Kotlin
val andResult = a and b val orResult = a or b val xorResult = a xor b val rightShift = a shr 2 val leftShift = a shl 2 val unsignedRightShift = a ushr 2
Java
Car car = (Car) object;
Kotlin
var car = object as Car
Java
if (object instanceof Car) { Car car = (Car) object; }
Kotlin
if (object is Car) { var car = object // 自动识别 }
Java
if (score >= 0 && score <= 300) { }
Kotlin
if (score in 0..300) { }
Java
int score = // some score; String grade; switch (score) { case 10: case 9: grade = "Excellent"; break; case 8: case 7: case 6: grade = "Good"; break; case 5: case 4: grade = "OK"; break; case 3: case 2: case 1: grade = "Fail"; break; default: grade = "Fail"; }
Kotlin
var score = // some score var grade = when (score) { 9, 10 -> "Excellent" in 6..8 -> "Good" 4, 5 -> "OK" in 1..3 -> "Fail" else -> "Fail" }
Java
for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) { } for (int i = 1; i < 10 ; i++) { } for (int i = 10; i >= 0 ; i--) { } for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i+=2) { } for (int i = 10; i >= 0 ; i-=2) { } for (String item : collection) { } for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry: map.entrySet()) { }
Kotlin
for (i in 1..10) { } for (i in 1 until 10) { } for (i in 10 downTo 0) { } for (i in 1..10 step 2) { } for (i in 10 downTo 0 step 2) { } for (item in collection) { } for ((key, value) in map) { }
Java
final List<Integer> listOfNumber = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4); final Map<Integer, String> keyValue = new HashMap<Integer, String>(); map.put(1, "Android"); map.put(2, "Ali"); map.put(3, "Mindorks"); // Java 9 final List<Integer> listOfNumber = List.of(1, 2, 3, 4); final Map<Integer, String> keyValue = Map.of(1, "Android", 2, "Ali", 3, "Mindorks");
Kotlin
val listOfNumber = listOf(1, 2, 3, 4) val keyValue = mapOf(1 to "Android", 2 to "Ali", 3 to "Mindorks")
Java
// Java 7 and below for (Car car : cars) { System.out.println(car.speed); } // Java 8+ cars.forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed)); // Java 7 and below for (Car car : cars) { if (car.speed > 100) { System.out.println(car.speed); } } // Java 8+ cars.stream().filter(car -> car.speed > 100).forEach(car -> System.out.println(car.speed));
Kotlin
cars.forEach { println(it.speed) } cars.filter { it.speed > 100 } .forEach { println(it.speed)}
Java
void doSomething() { // logic here } void doSomething(int... numbers) { // logic here }
Kotlin
fun doSomething() { // logic here } fun doSomething(vararg numbers: Int) { // logic here }
Java
int getScore() { // logic here return score; }
Kotlin
fun getScore(): Int { // logic here return score } // as a single-expression function fun getScore(): Int = score
Java
int getScore(int value) { // logic here return 2 * value; } >Kotlin fun getScore(value: Int): Int { // logic here return 2 * value } // as a single-expression function fun getScore(value: Int): Int = 2 * value constructor 构造器 >Java public class Utils { private Utils() { // This utility class is not publicly instantiable } public static int getScore(int value) { return 2 * value; } }
Kotlin
class Utils private constructor() { companion object { fun getScore(value: Int): Int { return 2 * value } } } // another way object Utils { fun getScore(value: Int): Int { return 2 * value } }
Java
public class Developer { private String name; private int age; public Developer(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } }
Kotlin
data class Developer(val name: String, val age: Int)
给大家分享两份重磅资料:字节跳动内部超高质量Kotlin笔记、谷歌大佬编写高级Kotlin强化实战(附Demo)。
基础知识掌握之后就是靠实战提升了!
照样目录乘上: