CentOS 7.9下MySQL 5.7安装和配置手册

本文主要是介绍CentOS 7.9下MySQL 5.7安装和配置手册，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1. 安装前的准备

1.1 安装环境

1.1.1 操作系统内核版本

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

1.1.2 操作系统发行版本

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core)

1.2 安装文件

1.2.1 安装文件下载

官网地址：https://www.mysql.com/
下载地址：https://www.mysql.com/downloads/
下载地址（快捷）：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/

1.2.2 安装文件列表

mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

2. 安装和配置

2.1 软件安装

2.1.1 安装前的检测

检测软件是否已安装

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64

查看运行进程

[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep mysql
root       4478   4237  0 12:12 pts/2    00:00:00 grep mysql

停止数据库服务（可选）

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld stop
Stopping mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

依次卸载软件文件

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64 --nodeps

参数选项：

rpm -e mysql 普通删除模式

rpm -e --nodeps 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其他文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除。

2.1.2 安装MySQL

MySQL软件库依次安装如下：

[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/Software/MySQL/
[root@localhost MySQL]# ls
mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

由于CentOS 7.9内置组件“mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64”与“mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”存在包冲突，所以安装前先卸载；

[root@localhost MySQL]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

安装“mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”；

[root@localhost MySQL]# sudo yum install -y mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                 Arch                    Version                       Repository                                                    Size
==================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-common                  x86_64                  5.7.34-1.el7                  /mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                  2.8 M

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 2.8 M
Installed size: 2.8 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
** Found 3 pre-existing rpmdb problem(s), 'yum check' output follows:
icedtea-web-1.7.1-2.el7_6.x86_64 has missing requires of java-1.8.0-openjdk
2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)
2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64 has missing requires of libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)
  Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     1/1 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     1/1 

Installed:
  mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7                                                                                                                    

Complete!

安装“mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”；

[root@localhost MySQL]# sudo yum install -y mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                Arch                     Version                        Repository                                                   Size
==================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-libs                   x86_64                   5.7.34-1.el7                   /mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                   9.5 M

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 9.5 M
Installed size: 9.5 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                       1/1 

Installed:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7                                                                                                                      

Complete!

安装“mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”；

[root@localhost MySQL]# sudo yum install -y mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                 Arch                    Version                       Repository                                                    Size
==================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-client                  x86_64                  5.7.34-1.el7                  /mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                  102 M

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 102 M
Installed size: 102 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     1/1 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     1/1 

Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7                                                                                                                    

Complete!

安装“mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”；

[root@localhost MySQL]# sudo yum install -y mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                 Arch                    Version                       Repository                                                    Size
==================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-server                  x86_64                  5.7.34-1.el7                  /mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                  761 M

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 761 M
Installed size: 761 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     1/1 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     1/1 

Installed:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7                                                                                                                    

Complete!

安装“mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”；

[root@localhost MySQL5.7]# sudo yum install -y mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64
Marking mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=os&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=extras&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=x86_64&repo=updates&infra=stock error was
14: curl#6 - "Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown error"

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                Arch                    Version                         Repository                                                   Size
==================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-devel                  x86_64                  5.7.34-1.el7                    /mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                   24 M

Transaction Summary
==================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total size: 24 M
Installed size: 24 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                      1/1 
  Verifying  : mysql-community-devel-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                      1/1 

Installed:
  mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.7.34-1.el7                                                                                                                     

Complete!

2.2 软件配置

2.2.1 查看运行状态

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-09-11 05:17:30 PDT; 2min 54s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 64164 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 64137 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 64167 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 28
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─64167 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Sep 11 05:17:28 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Sep 11 05:17:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

2.2.2 查看默认密码

启动数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

查找默认密码

[root@localhost MySQL]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2021-09-11T12:12:38.597863Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Ik8r-W0FefUo

（特别说明：由于安装时自动生成了默认密码，所以登录前需要事先查找默认密码。默认密码为“:,rkTG:o7+0-”。如果提示找不到“mysqld.log”文件，则先执行“systemctl status mysqld”确认MySQL是否正常运行，如果未正常运行，则执行“systemctl start mysqld”，数据库初始化后，会自动生成“mysqld.log”文件）

2.2.3 重设默认密码

登录数据库（略）
重设默认密码

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('Db0AdMiN1!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

（特别说明：新密码必须包含大小写字母、符号、数字）

退出数据库（略）

2.2.4 修改默认编码

修改默认编码

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

重启数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

登录数据库（略）
查看修改编码

mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.2.5 修改默认最大连接

修改默认最大连接

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
max_connections=200

重启数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

登录数据库（略）
验证修改最大连接

mysql> show variables like '%max_connections%';
+-----------------+-------+
| Variable_name   | Value |
+-----------------+-------+
| max_connections | 151   |
+-----------------+-------+
1 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.2.6 添加远程登录用户

登录数据库（略）
新增远程登录用户

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'luxus'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Db0AdMiN1!' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

（特别说明：luxus为新用户名，Db0AdMiN1!为新密码）

将数据库用户host字段“localhost”修改为“%”

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed

mysql> update user set host="%" where user="root";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+---------------+
| host      | user          |
+-----------+---------------+
| %         | luxus         |
| %         | root          |
| localhost | mysql.session |
| localhost | mysql.sys     |
+-----------+---------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

（特别说明：如果这些配置都做完了，还是无法远程访问数据库，这个时候可以检查一下Linux服务器的防火墙是否已关闭，如防火墙已开启，则关闭即可）

2.2.7 禁用系统防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

2.2.8 设置自动启动

MySQL 5.7数据库安装成功后，默认已设置为自启动。

2.2.9 修改大小写敏感

lower_case_table_names=1（0：区分大小写；1：不区分大小写）；

修改大小写敏感

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] 
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 
lower_case_table_names=1

重启数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

登录数据库（略）
验证修改大小写敏感

mysql> show variables like '%case%';
+------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                      | Value |
+------------------------------------+-------+
| lower_case_file_system             | OFF   |
| lower_case_table_names             | 1     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1     |
+------------------------------------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2.2.10 修改账号密码

登录数据库（略）
修改账号密码

mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('Db0AdMiN1!13') where user='luxus' and host='%'; 
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 

mysql> flush privileges; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

2.2.11 修改默认端口

修改默认端口

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld] 
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 
port=3306

重新数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

2.2.12 禁用DNS扫描

修改禁用DNS扫描

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld] 
skip-name-resolve

重启数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

（特别说明：如果远程连接数据库较慢，可禁用MySQL数据库DNS自动扫描）

3. 启动和验证

3.1 软件启动

3.1.1 启动数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld

3.1.2 重启数据库服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

3.2 软件验证

3.2.1 查看软件版本

[root@localhost MySQL5.7]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.34, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

（特别说明：V是大写）

3.2.2 查看软件运行状态

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-09-11 05:17:30 PDT; 2min 54s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 64164 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 64137 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 64167 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 28
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─64167 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Sep 11 05:17:28 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Sep 11 05:17:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server

3.2.3 登录/退出数据库

[root@localhost MySQL]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.31

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit;
Bye

3.2.4 远程连接数据库

4. 停止和卸载

4.1 软件停止

暂无。

4.2 软件卸载

检测库文件是否存在

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep jdk
jdk-11.0.12-11.0.12-ga.x86_64

依次卸载软件文件

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e jdk-11.0.12-11.0.12-ga.x86_64 --nodeps

参数选项：

rpm -e jdk 普通删除模式

rpm -e --nodeps 强力删除模式，如果使用上面命令删除时，提示有依赖的其他文件，则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除。

5. 安装目录和核心文件

5.1 安装目录

[root@localhost ~]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/include/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz

[root@localhost JDK]# find / -name mysql
find: ‘/run/user/1000/gvfs’: Permission denied
/etc/logrotate.d/mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/mysql
/etc/selinux/targeted/tmp/modules/100/mysql
/var/lib/mysql
/var/lib/mysql/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/lib64/mysql
/usr/share/mysql
/usr/include/mysql
/usr/include/mysql/mysql

5.2 执行文件

[root@localhost ~]# which mysql
/usr/bin/mysql

5.3 配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql.server]
user=mysql
basedir=/var/lib

[safe_mysqld]
err-log=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

5.4 日志文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/log/mysqld.log

2021-09-11T12:12:37.022281Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2021-09-11T12:12:37.414566Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
...

6. 常见问题

6.1 安装community-common时，提示与mariadb-libs包冲突

问题原因：由于CentOS 7.9内置组件“mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64”与“mysql-community-common-5.7.34-1.el7.x86_64.rpm”存在包冲突，所以安装前先卸载。

解决方案：

[root@localhost MySQL]# rpm -e mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 --nodeps

6.2 正确添加远程用户后还是不能远程访问

问题原因：那可能是系统防火墙打开了，关闭即可。

解决方案：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

6.3 远程访问数据库连接很慢

问题原因：那可能远程连接自动扫描DNS，禁用即可。

解决方案：

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld] 
skip-name-resolve

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld

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CentOS 7.9下MySQL 5.7安装和配置手册

1. 安装前的准备

1.1 安装环境

1.1.1 操作系统内核版本

1.1.2 操作系统发行版本

1.2 安装文件

1.2.1 安装文件下载

1.2.2 安装文件列表

2. 安装和配置

2.1 软件安装

2.1.1 安装前的检测

2.1.2 安装MySQL

2.2 软件配置

2.2.1 查看运行状态

2.2.2 查看默认密码

2.2.3 重设默认密码

2.2.4 修改默认编码

2.2.5 修改默认最大连接

2.2.6 添加远程登录用户

2.2.7 禁用系统防火墙

2.2.8 设置自动启动

2.2.9 修改大小写敏感

2.2.10 修改账号密码

2.2.11 修改默认端口

2.2.12 禁用DNS扫描

3. 启动和验证

3.1 软件启动

3.1.1 启动数据库服务

3.1.2 重启数据库服务

3.2 软件验证

3.2.1 查看软件版本

3.2.2 查看软件运行状态

3.2.3 登录/退出数据库

3.2.4 远程连接数据库

4. 停止和卸载

4.1 软件停止

4.2 软件卸载

5. 安装目录和核心文件

5.1 安装目录

5.2 执行文件

5.3 配置文件

5.4 日志文件

6. 常见问题

6.1 安装community-common时，提示与mariadb-libs包冲突

6.2 正确添加远程用户后还是不能远程访问

6.3 远程访问数据库连接很慢

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