linux(centos)根目录不足，调整分区

本文主要是介绍linux(centos)根目录不足，调整分区，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！

[root@localhost /]# df -lh
文件系统                 容量  已用   可用  已用%  挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G   50G  7M  100% /
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G   34M  7.7G    1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5               1014M  137M  878M   14% /boot
/dev/sda1                256M   37M  220M   15% /boot/efi
overlay                   50G   50G  377M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/a480a7a27851ee77b881b36af1d3d9a2a19373f8846cbb76f9e48485e0b5ebdf/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  377M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/4aff621e30e3e11ddbf0c51d5bfa2a099251224f4cf65b6933b332599fb9c521/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  377M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9c18a076eff51d30307a96f905ea2c388b4a6741fb15c2eee922202463daa5a4/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  377M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/bb02f7092db151657a158fb214037820a126e6065492f40d235fa8b559c06c85/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  377M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d0bd8b50b40182dc412b4c516863c816d9ae6a6290767cb98d9a3841ded347e/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  377M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9d51bcda4ea05bc1f45aed7e79090b4f03256b94259fb2a91c46d2c7edf9e715/merged
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/20f17047e1e9de4ad2dd29ab3485ff30da98088227e2a72c2a9b6135b8dc6875/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9fcc3e5578984922e5061e18434e43559285f7fdd8ef183663d51cc5e9dd5876/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/e46c98bd2fa0d74fada9216fe2db2554f4d7f5193f58904be4b88c452a306d1b/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/ddb2e242a5fa2d2ab22c3466fbad6640b285501e429a117254fb871c318b7b4e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/5e4ac1a75f1aa1432db3878085b3c8003631b064081e4f766bf70d6b353c370e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/4b80905456a2245ca2272050858e5f2a1330e92fc5e6dc0a5100dec43fc2037c/shm
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G    0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-home  771G  129G  643G   17% /home

发现 home目录磁盘空间很多，而根目录只有 50G容量。所以想把home目录的空间调整一部分到根目录下
主要的思路大体上面已经说了，再详细说一遍：

First：我们先把/home内容进行备份，我直接导出到其他硬盘里了
Second：然后将/home文件系统所在的逻辑卷删除；
Third：这边我们就可以进行扩大/root文件系统；
Forth：删除了home，就要新建一个/home；
Fiveth：最后恢复/home内容

1 卸载 home

[root@localhost /]# umount /home
[root@localhost /]# df -h
文件系统                 容量  已用   可用  已用%  挂载点
/dev/mapper/centos-root   50G   50G  7M  100% /
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G   34M  7.7G    1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5               1014M  137M  878M   14% /boot
/dev/sda1                256M   37M  220M   15% /boot/efi
overlay                   50G   50G  375M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/a480a7a27851ee77b881b36af1d3d9a2a19373f8846cbb76f9e48485e0b5ebdf/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  375M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/4aff621e30e3e11ddbf0c51d5bfa2a099251224f4cf65b6933b332599fb9c521/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  375M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9c18a076eff51d30307a96f905ea2c388b4a6741fb15c2eee922202463daa5a4/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  375M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/bb02f7092db151657a158fb214037820a126e6065492f40d235fa8b559c06c85/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  375M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d0bd8b50b40182dc412b4c516863c816d9ae6a6290767cb98d9a3841ded347e/merged
overlay                   50G   50G  375M  100% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9d51bcda4ea05bc1f45aed7e79090b4f03256b94259fb2a91c46d2c7edf9e715/merged
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/20f17047e1e9de4ad2dd29ab3485ff30da98088227e2a72c2a9b6135b8dc6875/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9fcc3e5578984922e5061e18434e43559285f7fdd8ef183663d51cc5e9dd5876/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/e46c98bd2fa0d74fada9216fe2db2554f4d7f5193f58904be4b88c452a306d1b/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/ddb2e242a5fa2d2ab22c3466fbad6640b285501e429a117254fb871c318b7b4e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/5e4ac1a75f1aa1432db3878085b3c8003631b064081e4f766bf70d6b353c370e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/4b80905456a2245ca2272050858e5f2a1330e92fc5e6dc0a5100dec43fc2037c/shm
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G    0% /run/user/0
[root@localhost /]# lvremove /dev/mapper/centos-home
Do you really want to remove active logical volume centos/home? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "home" successfully removed

注意：取消挂载/home时出现umount: /home: device is busy, 原因是因为有程序在使用/home目录，我们可以使用lsof查看那些程序的进程，

 lsof /home

然后逐步关掉使用 home 的进程

2 扩容 root

[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  5
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               829.15 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              212263
  Alloc PE / Size       14800 / 57.81 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       197463 / <771.34 GiB
  VG UUID               0dZpiE-dMnE-f2dJ-JGIT-94ER-5Rdr-7focNT
   
[root@localhost /]# lvextend -L 420G /dev/mapper/centos-root
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 50.00 GiB (12800 extents) to 420.00 GiB (107520 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
[root@localhost /]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=3276800 blks
         =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=13107200, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6400, version=2
         =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 13107200 to 110100480

vgdisplay 命令可以查看已经分类了的空间（ Alloc PE / Size）和还有多少可分配（Free PE / Size）

上面在扩容 root 时本来想增加 420G空间的，但没有写成 ‘+420G’，所有总空间就变成 420G

重新创建 home 分区，并挂载

[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  6
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               829.15 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              212263
  Alloc PE / Size       109520 / 427.81 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       102743 / <401.34 GiB
  VG UUID               0dZpiE-dMnE-f2dJ-JGIT-94ER-5Rdr-7focNT
   
[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 400G -n /dev/mapper/centos-home
  Logical volume "home" created.
[root@localhost /]# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/centos-home
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-home isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=26214400 blks
         =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=104857600, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=51200, version=2
         =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/mapper/centos-home

[root@localhost /]# df -h
æä»¶ç³»ç»                 å®¹é  å·²ç¨  å¯ç¨ å·²ç¨% æè½½ç¹
/dev/mapper/centos-root  420G   50G  371G   12% /
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G   34M  7.7G    1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5               1014M  137M  878M   14% /boot
/dev/sda1                256M   37M  220M   15% /boot/efi
overlay                  420G   50G  371G   12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/a480a7a27851ee77b881b36af1d3d9a2a19373f8846cbb76f9e48485e0b5ebdf/merged
overlay                  420G   50G  371G   12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/4aff621e30e3e11ddbf0c51d5bfa2a099251224f4cf65b6933b332599fb9c521/merged
overlay                  420G   50G  371G   12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9c18a076eff51d30307a96f905ea2c388b4a6741fb15c2eee922202463daa5a4/merged
overlay                  420G   50G  371G   12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/bb02f7092db151657a158fb214037820a126e6065492f40d235fa8b559c06c85/merged
overlay                  420G   50G  371G   12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d0bd8b50b40182dc412b4c516863c816d9ae6a6290767cb98d9a3841ded347e/merged
overlay                  420G   50G  371G   12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9d51bcda4ea05bc1f45aed7e79090b4f03256b94259fb2a91c46d2c7edf9e715/merged
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/20f17047e1e9de4ad2dd29ab3485ff30da98088227e2a72c2a9b6135b8dc6875/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9fcc3e5578984922e5061e18434e43559285f7fdd8ef183663d51cc5e9dd5876/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/e46c98bd2fa0d74fada9216fe2db2554f4d7f5193f58904be4b88c452a306d1b/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/ddb2e242a5fa2d2ab22c3466fbad6640b285501e429a117254fb871c318b7b4e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/5e4ac1a75f1aa1432db3878085b3c8003631b064081e4f766bf70d6b353c370e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/4b80905456a2245ca2272050858e5f2a1330e92fc5e6dc0a5100dec43fc2037c/shm
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G    0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-home  400G   33M  400G    1% /home

到这一步，其实就可以恢复原来home 中的数据文件了。但我还想将空间在分配一下，其实是再玩一玩

[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  7
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               829.15 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              212263
  Alloc PE / Size       211920 / 827.81 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       343 / <1.34 GiB
  VG UUID               0dZpiE-dMnE-f2dJ-JGIT-94ER-5Rdr-7focNT
   
[root@localhost /]# lsof /home
[root@localhost /]# umount /home
[root@localhost /]# lvremove /dev/mapper/centos-home 
Do you really want to remove active logical volume centos/home? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "home" successfully removed
[root@localhost /]# lvextend -L +80G /dev/mapper/centos-root 
  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 420.00 GiB (107520 extents) to 500.00 GiB (128000 extents).
  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
[root@localhost /]# xfs_growfs  /dev/mapper/centos-root 
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=34, agsize=3276800 blks
         =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=110100480, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=6400, version=2
         =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 110100480 to 131072000
[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 40G -n /dev/mapper/centos-home
  Logical volume "home" created.
[root@localhost /]# mkfs.xfs  /dev/mapper/centos-home 
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-home isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=2621440 blks
         =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=10485760, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=5120, version=2
         =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/mapper/centos-home 

[root@localhost /]# df -h
æä»¶ç³»ç»                 å®¹é  å·²ç¨  å¯ç¨ å·²ç¨% æè½½ç¹
/dev/mapper/centos-root  500G   50G  451G   10% /
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G   34M  7.7G    1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5               1014M  137M  878M   14% /boot
/dev/sda1                256M   37M  220M   15% /boot/efi
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/a480a7a27851ee77b881b36af1d3d9a2a19373f8846cbb76f9e48485e0b5ebdf/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/4aff621e30e3e11ddbf0c51d5bfa2a099251224f4cf65b6933b332599fb9c521/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9c18a076eff51d30307a96f905ea2c388b4a6741fb15c2eee922202463daa5a4/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/bb02f7092db151657a158fb214037820a126e6065492f40d235fa8b559c06c85/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d0bd8b50b40182dc412b4c516863c816d9ae6a6290767cb98d9a3841ded347e/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9d51bcda4ea05bc1f45aed7e79090b4f03256b94259fb2a91c46d2c7edf9e715/merged
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/20f17047e1e9de4ad2dd29ab3485ff30da98088227e2a72c2a9b6135b8dc6875/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9fcc3e5578984922e5061e18434e43559285f7fdd8ef183663d51cc5e9dd5876/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/e46c98bd2fa0d74fada9216fe2db2554f4d7f5193f58904be4b88c452a306d1b/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/ddb2e242a5fa2d2ab22c3466fbad6640b285501e429a117254fb871c318b7b4e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/5e4ac1a75f1aa1432db3878085b3c8003631b064081e4f766bf70d6b353c370e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/4b80905456a2245ca2272050858e5f2a1330e92fc5e6dc0a5100dec43fc2037c/shm
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G    0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-home   40G   33M   40G    1% /home
[root@localhost /]# umount /home
[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  10
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               829.15 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              212263
  Alloc PE / Size       140240 / 547.81 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       72023 / <281.34 GiB
  VG UUID               0dZpiE-dMnE-f2dJ-JGIT-94ER-5Rdr-7focNT
   
[root@localhost /]# lvextend -L +281G /dev/mapper/centos-home
  Size of logical volume centos/home changed from 40.00 GiB (10240 extents) to 321.00 GiB (82176 extents).
  Logical volume centos/home successfully resized.
[root@localhost /]# xfs_growfs  /dev/mapper/centos-home
xfs_growfs: /dev/mapper/centos-home is not a mounted XFS filesystem
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/mapper/centos-home 
[root@localhost /]# xfs_growfs  /dev/mapper/centos-home
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-home isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=2621440 blks
         =                       sectsz=4096  attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=10485760, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=5120, version=2
         =                       sectsz=4096  sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 10485760 to 84148224
[root@localhost /]# df -h
æä»¶ç³»ç»                 å®¹é  å·²ç¨  å¯ç¨ å·²ç¨% æè½½ç¹
/dev/mapper/centos-root  500G   50G  451G   10% /
devtmpfs                 7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    7.8G   34M  7.7G    1% /run
tmpfs                    7.8G     0  7.8G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5               1014M  137M  878M   14% /boot
/dev/sda1                256M   37M  220M   15% /boot/efi
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/a480a7a27851ee77b881b36af1d3d9a2a19373f8846cbb76f9e48485e0b5ebdf/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/4aff621e30e3e11ddbf0c51d5bfa2a099251224f4cf65b6933b332599fb9c521/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9c18a076eff51d30307a96f905ea2c388b4a6741fb15c2eee922202463daa5a4/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/bb02f7092db151657a158fb214037820a126e6065492f40d235fa8b559c06c85/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/6d0bd8b50b40182dc412b4c516863c816d9ae6a6290767cb98d9a3841ded347e/merged
overlay                  500G   50G  451G   10% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9d51bcda4ea05bc1f45aed7e79090b4f03256b94259fb2a91c46d2c7edf9e715/merged
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/20f17047e1e9de4ad2dd29ab3485ff30da98088227e2a72c2a9b6135b8dc6875/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/9fcc3e5578984922e5061e18434e43559285f7fdd8ef183663d51cc5e9dd5876/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/e46c98bd2fa0d74fada9216fe2db2554f4d7f5193f58904be4b88c452a306d1b/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/ddb2e242a5fa2d2ab22c3466fbad6640b285501e429a117254fb871c318b7b4e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/5e4ac1a75f1aa1432db3878085b3c8003631b064081e4f766bf70d6b353c370e/shm
shm                       64M     0   64M    0% /var/lib/docker/containers/4b80905456a2245ca2272050858e5f2a1330e92fc5e6dc0a5100dec43fc2037c/shm
tmpfs                    1.6G     0  1.6G    0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-home  321G   34M  321G    1% /home
[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  11
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                3
  Open LV               3
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               829.15 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              212263
  Alloc PE / Size       212176 / 828.81 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       87 / 348.00 MiB
  VG UUID               0dZpiE-dMnE-f2dJ-JGIT-94ER-5Rdr-7focNT

以上先是给 root 增加了 80G空间，再创建了一个 40G的home，然后挂载home，接着又卸载 home ，然后扩展home 最后挂载home

https://www.cnblogs.com/zhe-hello/p/9241990.html

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