先在pom.xml中导入依赖包

<dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hadoop/hadoop-hdfs -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-hdfs</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.6</version>
        </dependency>


        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hadoop/hadoop-common -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hadoop/hadoop-client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.3</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

hdfs连接Java

1.先获取配置文件（hdfs-site.xml）

Configuration cg = new Configuration();  导入的是import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
cg.set("dfs.replication","1");   1是备份数量

2.获取连接地址（core-site.xml）

URI uri = new URI("hdfs://master:9000");

 3.创建(获取)hdfs文件管理系统的对象,同过对象操作hdfs

FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(uri, cg)；

常用HDFSAPi：

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.URI;

public class HdfsApi {
    FileSystem fs;

    @Before
    public void main() throws Exception {
        Configuration cg = new Configuration();
        cg.set("dfs.replication", "1");
        URI uri = new URI("hdfs://master:9000");
        fs = FileSystem.get(uri, cg);

    }

    @Test
    public void mk() throws IOException {
        boolean mk = fs.mkdirs(new Path("/test"));
    }

    @Test
    public void del() throws IOException {
        //false表示不迭代删除也可以不加，true可以进行多目录迭代删除
        boolean del = fs.delete(new Path("/test"),false);
        System.out.println(del);

    }

    @Test
    public void listStatus() throws IOException {  //对比图在下
        //查看目录下文件列表
        FileStatus[] fileStatuses = fs.listStatus(new Path("/data/data"));
        System.out.println(fileStatuses);  //[Lorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;@106cc338
        System.out.println("-------------------------------");
        for (FileStatus fileStatus : fileStatuses) {
            System.out.println(fileStatus.getLen());  //文件大小 以B字节为单位
            System.out.println(fileStatus.getReplication()); //副本个数
            System.out.println(fileStatus.getPermission());  //读写状态
            System.out.println(fileStatus.getBlockSize());  //固定的一个block大小128MB
            System.out.println(fileStatus.getAccessTime());   //创建文件时的时间戳
            System.out.println(fileStatus.getPath());   //文件路径
            System.out.println("-----------------");
        }
/*输出结果
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.apache.hadoop.util.Shell).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
[Lorg.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;@106cc338
-------------------------------
180
1
rw-r--r--
134217728
1631969331482
hdfs://master:9000/data/data/cource.txt
-----------------
138540
1
rw-r--r--
134217728
1631963067585
hdfs://master:9000/data/data/score.txt
-----------------
41998
1
rw-r--r--
134217728
1631963067890
hdfs://master:9000/data/data/students.txt
-----------------
*/

    }

    @Test
    public void listBlockLocation() throws IOException {  //对比图在下
        BlockLocation[] fbl =
                fs.getFileBlockLocations(
                        new Path("/data/data/students.txt"),0,1000000000);
        for (BlockLocation bl : fbl) {
            String[] hosts = bl.getHosts();
            for (String host : hosts) {
                System.out.println(host);
            }   //node1  表示文件存在node1，因为文件小于一个block，所以这里只存在一个节点

            System.out.println(bl.getLength());  //41998  size大小

            String[] names = bl.getNames();
            for (String name : names) {
                System.out.println(name);
            } //192.168.163.120:50010   node1的地址

            System.out.println(bl.getOffset());  //0  偏移量

            String[] topologyPaths = bl.getTopologyPaths();
            for (String topologyPath : topologyPaths) {
                System.out.println(topologyPath);
            } //   /default-rack/192.168.163.120:50010

        }

    }

    @Test
    public void open() throws IOException {
        FSDataInputStream open = fs.open(new Path("/data/data/students.txt"));
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(open));  //因为文件中有中文，所以将字节流转为字符流来读取
        String len;
        while ((len=br.readLine())!=null){
            System.out.println(len);
        }
        br.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void create() throws IOException {
        FSDataOutputStream fos = fs.create(new Path("/data/data/test.txt"));
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(fos));
        bw.write("你好");
        bw.write("世界");
        bw.newLine();
        bw.write("我和我的祖国");
        bw.flush();
        bw.close();

    }

}