spring中有编程式事务和声明式事务

一、编程式事务

1、xml方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
    
    <!--数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url"
                  value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdemo?serverTimezone=UTC&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>
    <!--事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 开启事务控制的注解支持 -->
    <!--<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>-->
    <!--基于AspectJ声明式事务XML配置方式-->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <!--增强事务的属性配置-->
        <!--isolation:DEFAULT,事务的隔离级别  isolation="DEFAULT"
        propagation：事务的传播行为
        read-only:false,不是只读
        timeout:-1,解除死锁
        no-rollback-for:发生哪些异常不回滚事务
        rollback-for:发生哪些异常回滚事务-->
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="transfer" isolation="DEFAULT" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!--aop配置定义切面和切点的信息-->
    <aop:config>
        <!--定义切点：哪些类的哪些方法要增强-->
        <!--service包及其子包都要增强-->
        <aop:pointcut id="mypointcut" expression="execution(* com.cfay.service..*.*(..))"/>
        <!--定义切面-->
        <!--< aop:aspect>定义切面时，只需要定义一般的bean就行，而定义< aop:advisor>中引用的通知时，通知必须实现Advice接口。-->
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="mypointcut"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>

2、配置类方式

package com.cfay.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
//开启事务注解
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    //事务管理器
    @Bean
    public DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){
        DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return transactionManager;
    }
    //jdbc模板
    @Bean
    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource){
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();
        jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return jdbcTemplate;
    }
    //数据源
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdemo?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8");
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        return dataSource;
    }
}

使用：

1、xml只需要写在service包下就可以被spring事务管理
2、配置类的实现：需要在对应要开启注解的类或指定方法上添加：@Transactional即可被spring事务所管理

二、编程式事务（很少使用）

1、xml方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdemo?serverTimezone=UTC&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"></property>
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!--事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!--事务管理的模板-->
    <bean id="transactionTemplate" class="org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!--jdbc模板-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

2、配置类方式

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate(DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager) {
        TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate = new TransactionTemplate();
        transactionTemplate.setTransactionManager(transactionManager);
        return transactionTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){
        DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager = new DataSourceTransactionManager();
        transactionManager.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return transactionManager;
    }

    @Bean
    public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource){
        JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();
        jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource);
        return jdbcTemplate;
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdemo?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8");
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        return dataSource;
    }

}

使用：

使用的时候，在service中添加下面的内容

@Autowired private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate;

transactionTemplate.execute(status ->{
	//编写业务逻辑代码,一旦出现异常，就可以实现事务的回滚
});