Java教程
ansible：常用模块介绍
本文主要是介绍ansible：常用模块介绍，对大家解决编程问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的程序猿们随着小编来一起学习吧！
1. command模块：默认模块，执行日常的一些命令，但是不支持通配符，管道，重定向
chdir #切换目录 creates #条件判断，如果该文件没有则执行 removes #如果文件有则执行
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'chdir=/mnt ls -al' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 29 8月 11 11:57 . dr-xr-xr-x. 20 root root 281 8月 19 01:39 .. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 10 18:57 hgfs drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 61 8月 18 22:37 nfs 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 29 8月 11 20:04 . dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 258 8月 10 21:46 .. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 11 03:36 hgfs drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 61 8月 18 22:37 nfs 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 58 8月 20 15:11 . dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 258 8月 19 01:46 .. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 11 01:50 hgfs drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 61 8月 18 22:37 nfs drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 17 8月 20 15:18 volumes-back-20210820
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'chdir=/mnt creates=/mnt/volumes-back-20210820 ls -al' 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 29 8月 11 20:04 . dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 258 8月 10 21:46 .. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 11 03:36 hgfs drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 61 8月 18 22:37 nfs 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 29 8月 11 11:57 . dr-xr-xr-x. 20 root root 281 8月 19 01:39 .. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 8月 10 18:57 hgfs drwxrwxrwx 6 nobody nobody 61 8月 18 22:37 nfs 192.168.3.102 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >> skipped, since /mnt/volumes-back-20210820 exists
2. shell模块，由于shell模块支持通配符，重定向，管道等，可以设置为默认模块，编辑：/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
114 module_name = shell #这样我们的默认模块就是shell了，使用时就不用指定-m了
shell的用法基本与command一致：
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'useradd test01' 192.168.3.100 | FAILED | rc=9 >> useradd：用户“test01”已存在non-zero return code 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'ls -l /etc/shadow' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> ---------- 1 root root 928 8月 14 15:51 /etc/shadow 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> ---------- 1 root root 899 8月 22 23:45 /etc/shadow 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> ---------- 1 root root 899 8月 22 23:45 /etc/shadow [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'echo centos|passwd --stdin test01' #支持管道 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 更改用户 test01 的密码 。 passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 更改用户 test01 的密码 。 passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 更改用户 test01 的密码 。 passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
shell模块可以创建文件夹，文件，也可以同时修改文件属性，但是命令需要一条一条执行，多条命令放在一起，只会执行第1条命令：
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'chdir=/data touch f2.txt chown test01 f2.txt chmon 700 f2.txt' [WARNING]: Consider using the file module with state=touch rather than running 'touch'. If you need to use command because file is insufficient you can add 'warn: false' to this command task or set 'command_warnings=False' in ansible.cfg to get rid of this message. 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> [root@master01 ~]# [root@master01 ~]# [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'ls -l /data/f2.txt' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 8月 22 23:54 /data/f2.txt 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 8月 22 23:54 /data/f2.txt 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 8月 22 23:54 /data/f2.txt # 文件属性并没有改变
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'chmod 700 /data/f2.txt' [WARNING]: Consider using the file module with mode rather than running 'chmod'. If you need to use command because file is insufficient you can add 'warn: false' to this command task or set 'command_warnings=False' in ansible.cfg to get rid of this message. 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'ls -l /data/f2.txt' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> -rwx------ 1 test01 root 0 8月 22 23:54 /data/f2.txt 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> -rwx------ 1 test01 root 0 8月 22 23:54 /data/f2.txt 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> -rwx------ 1 test01 root 0 8月 22 23:54 /data/f2.txt
3. copy模块；用于拷贝ansible主机文件到被管理端；
group #拷贝后的文件指定组 mode #拷贝后的文件指定权限 owner #指定拥有者 src #源文件，即ansible主机文件 dest #目标主机路径 如果src是一个目录，则dest必须是一个目录
用法：
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -m copy -a 'src=/etc/redhat-release dest=/data/ owner=test01 group=test01 mode=770'
192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"dest": "/data/redhat-release",
"gid": 1000,
"group": "test01",
"md5sum": "e30ea93f603f64b25a826cb84fdcb3d3",
"mode": "0770",
"owner": "test01",
"size": 30,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1629648215.7165456-2370658-213108327814096/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 1000
}
192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"dest": "/data/redhat-release",
"gid": 1001,
"group": "test01",
"md5sum": "e30ea93f603f64b25a826cb84fdcb3d3",
"mode": "0770",
"owner": "test01",
"size": 30,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1629648215.6977394-2370656-267621287342767/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 1001
}
192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": true,
"checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"dest": "/data/redhat-release",
"gid": 1000,
"group": "test01",
"md5sum": "e30ea93f603f64b25a826cb84fdcb3d3",
"mode": "0770",
"owner": "test01",
"size": 30,
"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1629648215.8831189-2370660-48157497330459/source",
"state": "file",
"uid": 1000
}
[root@master01 ~]#
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'ls -l /data/redhat-release'
192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
-rwxrwx--- 1 test01 test01 30 8月 23 00:03 /data/redhat-release
192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
-rwxrwx--- 1 test01 test01 30 8月 23 00:03 /data/redhat-release
192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
-rwxrwx--- 1 test01 test01 30 8月 23 00:03 /data/redhat-release
4. fetch模块，与copy相反，将被管理端主机文件拷贝到ansible管理主机上。
dest #指定ansible-server的文件路径，为文件夹 src #指定源文件，即远程主机的文件
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -m fetch -a 'src=/etc/redhat-release dest=/data/os' #/data/os文件夹没有则会创建
192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"dest": "/data/os/192.168.3.100/etc/redhat-release",
"md5sum": "e30ea93f603f64b25a826cb84fdcb3d3",
"remote_checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"dest": "/data/os/192.168.3.101/etc/redhat-release",
"md5sum": "e30ea93f603f64b25a826cb84fdcb3d3",
"remote_checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"dest": "/data/os/192.168.3.102/etc/redhat-release",
"md5sum": "e30ea93f603f64b25a826cb84fdcb3d3",
"remote_checksum": "f0ac05b1248bc5fcb29fb5525f60d2a3cef303a7",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
[root@master01 ~]# tree /data/os/
/data/os/
├── 192.168.3.100
│ └── etc
│ └── redhat-release
├── 192.168.3.101
│ └── etc
│ └── redhat-release
└── 192.168.3.102
└── etc
└── redhat-release
6 directories, 3 files
5. unarchive模块，用于将ansible-server主机的打包文件传输到远程主机并完成解压；
copy #默认为yes，即从server主机拷贝过去，如果为no，则为远程主机的文件进行解压 creates #如果后面跟的文件已经存在了，就不执行 dest #远程主机的解压路径 group #解压后指定组 mode #解压后指定权限 owner #解压后指定用户 src #源文件
[root@master01 ~]# tar -zcvf /data/etc.tar.gz /etc/sysconfig/ #产生压缩文件 [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -m unarchive -a 'src=/data/etc.tar.gz dest=/data/ owner=test01 mode=700 copy=yes' [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'ls -l /data/etc' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 4 drwx------ 5 test01 root 4096 8月 11 11:41 sysconfig 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 4 drwx------ 5 test01 root 4096 8月 11 11:41 sysconfig 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 总用量 4 drwx------ 5 test01 root 4096 8月 11 11:41 sysconfig
6. archive模块
dest #目标文件 format #压缩格式 group mode owner path #远程主机的绝对地址
实例如下：将 /etc/yum.repos.d/文件全部打包发回server主机：
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -m archive -a 'path=/etc/yum.repos.d/ dest=/data/yum.tar.gz format=gz' [root@master01 ~]# ansible all -a 'ls -l /data' |grep yum -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2336 8月 23 00:25 yum.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2337 8月 23 00:25 yum.tar.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1934 8月 23 00:25 yum.tar.gz
然后发回server主机：
[root@master01 ~]# ansible all -m fetch -a 'src=/data/yum.tar.gz dest=/data/yum'
192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "c6a133568eb541b62ba1ae17e705d34c9587869d",
"dest": "/data/yum/192.168.3.100/data/yum.tar.gz",
"md5sum": "65fd881d8f3072ecd64aa0e8c8b52cb9",
"remote_checksum": "c6a133568eb541b62ba1ae17e705d34c9587869d",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "9662f9158cf80589282e75cc4ec86da760ecd189",
"dest": "/data/yum/192.168.3.101/data/yum.tar.gz",
"md5sum": "1c903d2142b493cd595147f3fa0748cd",
"remote_checksum": "9662f9158cf80589282e75cc4ec86da760ecd189",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
"changed": true,
"checksum": "5bf5d482d23c92ee38c1d3fe048aed664e18feb9",
"dest": "/data/yum/192.168.3.102/data/yum.tar.gz",
"md5sum": "4a9c7f3b5e08371267e9eb499d4f92e1",
"remote_checksum": "5bf5d482d23c92ee38c1d3fe048aed664e18feb9",
"remote_md5sum": null
}
[root@master01 ~]# tree /data/yum/
/data/yum/
├── 192.168.3.100
│ └── data
│ └── yum.tar.gz
├── 192.168.3.101
│ └── data
│ └── yum.tar.gz
└── 192.168.3.102
└── data
└── yum.tar.gz
6 directories, 3 files
7. Script脚本模块：执行脚本
chdir #在运行脚本之前cd到远程主机的一个目录下 creates #远程主机上的文件存在时，则脚本不运行
如，copy一个server的脚本到远程主机并执行；
1 [root@master01 data]# cat ./test.sh
2 #!/bin/bash
3 echo "welcome to my $HOSTNAME"
4 然后拷贝到远程主机下
5 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -m copy -a 'src=/data/test.sh dest=/data/test-1.sh mode=755'
6 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
7 "ansible_facts": {
8 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
9 },
10 "changed": true,
11 "checksum": "5cf8e18b77ffc1800c384568ac01edcf0b331726",
12 "dest": "/data/test-1.sh",
13 "gid": 0,
14 "group": "root",
15 "md5sum": "2502927a3954f0c5b314cf709609d698",
16 "mode": "0755",
17 "owner": "root",
18 "size": 43,
19 "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1629725696.280507-2399767-147506280008766/source",
20 "state": "file",
21 "uid": 0
22 }
23 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
24 "ansible_facts": {
25 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
26 },
27 "changed": true,
28 "checksum": "5cf8e18b77ffc1800c384568ac01edcf0b331726",
29 "dest": "/data/test-1.sh",
30 "gid": 0,
31 "group": "root",
32 "md5sum": "2502927a3954f0c5b314cf709609d698",
33 "mode": "0755",
34 "owner": "root",
35 "size": 43,
36 "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1629725696.273245-2399765-122019915986623/source",
37 "state": "file",
38 "uid": 0
39 }
40 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
41 "ansible_facts": {
42 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
43 },
44 "changed": true,
45 "checksum": "5cf8e18b77ffc1800c384568ac01edcf0b331726",
46 "dest": "/data/test-1.sh",
47 "gid": 0,
48 "group": "root",
49 "md5sum": "2502927a3954f0c5b314cf709609d698",
50 "mode": "0755",
51 "owner": "root",
52 "size": 43,
53 "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1629725696.3662632-2399769-53194866181495/source",
54 "state": "file",
55 "uid": 0
56 }
57 然后使用script模块执行：
58 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -m script -a '/data/test-1.sh'
59 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
60 "changed": true,
61 "rc": 0,
62 "stderr": "Shared connection to 192.168.3.100 closed.\r\n",
63 "stderr_lines": [
64 "Shared connection to 192.168.3.100 closed."
65 ],
66 "stdout": "welcome to my master01\r\n",
67 "stdout_lines": [
68 "welcome to my master01"
69 ]
70 }
71 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
72 "changed": true,
73 "rc": 0,
74 "stderr": "Shared connection to 192.168.3.101 closed.\r\n",
75 "stderr_lines": [
76 "Shared connection to 192.168.3.101 closed."
77 ],
78 "stdout": "welcome to my node01\r\n",
79 "stdout_lines": [
80 "welcome to my node01"
81 ]
82 }
83 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
84 "changed": true,
85 "rc": 0,
86 "stderr": "Shared connection to 192.168.3.102 closed.\r\n",
87 "stderr_lines": [
88 "Shared connection to 192.168.3.102 closed."
89 ],
90 "stdout": "welcome to my node02\r\n",
91 "stdout_lines": [
92 "welcome to my node02"
93 ]
94 }
8. file模块：
group #指定组名 mode #指定权限 owner #指定拥有者 path # (required) state # absent、diff、directory、
删除一个文件：
1 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'ls /data'
2 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
3 700
4 chmon
5 chown
6 database
7 etc
8 etc.tar.gz
9 f1.txt
10 f2.txt
11 os
12 redhat-release
13 test01
14 test-1.sh
15 test.sh
16 yum
17 yum.tar.gz
18 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
19 700
20 chmon
21 chown
22 etc
23 f1.txt
24 f2.txt
25 redhat-release
26 test01
27 test-1.sh
28 yum.tar.gz
29 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
30 700
31 chmon
32 chown
33 etc
34 f1.txt
35 f2.txt
36 redhat-release
37 test01
38 test-1.sh
39 yum.tar.gz
40 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -m file -a 'path=/data/700 state=absent' #删除data下700文件
41 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
42 "ansible_facts": {
43 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
44 },
45 "changed": true,
46 "path": "/data/700",
47 "state": "absent"
48 }
49 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
50 "ansible_facts": {
51 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
52 },
53 "changed": true,
54 "path": "/data/700",
55 "state": "absent"
56 }
57 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
58 "ansible_facts": {
59 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
60 },
61 "changed": true,
62 "path": "/data/700",
63 "state": "absent"
64 }
65 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'ls /data'
66 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
67 chmon
68 chown
69 database
70 etc
71 etc.tar.gz
72 f1.txt
73 f2.txt
74 os
75 redhat-release
76 test01
77 test-1.sh
78 test.sh
79 yum
80 yum.tar.gz
81 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
82 chmon
83 chown
84 etc
85 f1.txt
86 f2.txt
87 redhat-release
88 test01
89 test-1.sh
90 yum.tar.gz
91 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
92 chmon
93 chown
94 etc
95 f1.txt
96 f2.txt
97 redhat-release
98 test01
99 test-1.sh
100 yum.tar.gz
9. hostname模块：改主机名
name #指定主机名为什么，不要同时修改所有机器的主机名，这样所有机器的主机名都一致了
10. cron模块：计划任务模块
minute #分( 0-59, *, */2, etc ) hour #时( 0-23, *, */2, etc ) day #日( 1-31, *, */2, etc ) month #月( 1-12, *, */2, etc ) weekday #周 0-6 for Sunday-Saturday name #命名，可以在state中条用删除该任务 state #present or absent 创建删除 user #周期任务的用户 job #执行一个命令
实例：创建一个计划任务，周一至周五每天凌晨4:30分执行一个脚本
1 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -m cron -a 'minute=30 hour=4 weekday=1-5 name=echo job=./data/test-1.sh'
2 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
3 "ansible_facts": {
4 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
5 },
6 "changed": true,
7 "envs": [],
8 "jobs": [
9 "echo"
10 ]
11 }
12 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
13 "ansible_facts": {
14 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
15 },
16 "changed": true,
17 "envs": [],
18 "jobs": [
19 "echo"
20 ]
21 }
22 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
23 "ansible_facts": {
24 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
25 },
26 "changed": true,
27 "envs": [],
28 "jobs": [
29 "echo"
30 ]
31 }
32 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'crontab -l'
33 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
34 #Ansible: echo
35 30 4 * * 1-5 ./data/test-1.sh
36 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
37 #Ansible: echo
38 30 4 * * 1-5 ./data/test-1.sh
39 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
40 #Ansible: echo
41 30 4 * * 1-5 ./data/test-1.sh
11. yum模块：支持redhat，centos版本
name #安装包的名称 state # install (`present' or `installed', `latest'), or remove (`absent' or `removed') skip_broken #跳过依赖或损坏 list # yum list --show-duplicates <package> download_dir download_only disablerepo enablerepo
例如：
[root@master01 data]# ansible all -m yum -a 'list=repos' #查询主机有哪些源可以用，状态时enable还是什么
192.168.3.100 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false,
"msg": "",
"results": [
{
"repoid": "base",
"state": "enabled"
},
{
"repoid": "extras",
"state": "enabled"
},
{
"repoid": "AppStream",
"state": "enabled"
},
{
"repoid": "docker-ce-stable",
"state": "enabled"
},
{
"repoid": "epel",
"state": "enabled"
},
{
"repoid": "kubernetes",
"state": "enabled"
}
]
}
[root@master01 data]# ansible all -m yum -a 'name=httpd state=installed' #yum安装http服务
192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
"ansible_facts": {
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": true,
"msg": "",
"rc": 0,
"results": [
"Installed: apr-util-openssl-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64",
"Installed: httpd-2.4.37-39.module_el8.4.0+778+c970deab.x86_64",
"Installed: httpd-filesystem-2.4.37-39.module_el8.4.0+778+c970deab.noarch",
"Installed: mod_http2-1.15.7-3.module_el8.4.0+778+c970deab.x86_64",
"Installed: httpd-tools-2.4.37-39.module_el8.4.0+778+c970deab.x86_64",
"Installed: centos-logos-httpd-85.8-1.el8.noarch",
"Installed: apr-1.6.3-11.el8.x86_64",
"Installed: apr-util-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64",
"Installed: apr-util-bdb-1.6.1-6.el8.x86_64"
]
}
12. replace：替换模块，实现文件替换
path #文件(required) regexp #(required)匹配的正则表达式 replace #替换成的内容
替换httpd服务的配置文件监听的80端口为1080
1 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -m replace -a 'path=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf regexp="Listen 80" replace="Listen 1080"'
2 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED => {
3 "ansible_facts": {
4 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
5 },
6 "changed": true,
7 "msg": "1 replacements made"
8 }
9 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED => {
10 "ansible_facts": {
11 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
12 },
13 "changed": true,
14 "msg": "1 replacements made"
15 }
16 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED => {
17 "ansible_facts": {
18 "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
19 },
20 "changed": true,
21 "msg": "1 replacements made"
22 }
23 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf |grep ^Listen'
24 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
25 Listen 1080
26 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
27 Listen 1080
28 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
29 Listen 1080
13.service模块：启动服务
启动服务可以使用shell模块：
[root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'systemctl start httpd' 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'ss -tnl|grep 1080' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:31080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:1080 *:* 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:31080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:1080 *:* 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:31080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 128 *:1080 *:*
可以是使用service模块
name # (required) 服务名称 enabled #是否开机启动 state #`started'/`stopped'
ansible all -m service -a 'name=httpd state=stopped' [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'ss -tnl|grep -w 1080' 192.168.3.100 | FAILED | rc=1 >> non-zero return code 192.168.3.101 | FAILED | rc=1 >> non-zero return code 192.168.3.102 | FAILED | rc=1 >> non-zero return code 再次启动并设置为开机自启 ansible all -m service -a 'name=httpd state=started enabled=yes' [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'ss -tnl|grep -w 1080' 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> LISTEN 0 128 *:1080 *:* 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> LISTEN 0 128 *:1080 *:* 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> LISTEN 0 128 *:1080 *:* 通过查看确实是开机自启动的了 [root@master01 data]# ansible all -a 'systemctl list-unit-files|grep httpd.service' 192.168.3.101 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> httpd.service enabled 192.168.3.100 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> httpd.service enabled 192.168.3.102 | CHANGED | rc=0 >> httpd.service enabled
14.user模块：
15.group模块：
16. lineinfile：替换模块，相当于sed命令，修改文件内容
17. setup模块：收集主机信息，
filter #指定显示某些特性，支持通配符
[root@master01 data]# ansible all -m setup
过滤下cpu的一些选项
[root@master01 data]# ansible all -m setup |grep cpu
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 4,
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 4,
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 4,
然后使用filter单独查看这些特性
[root@master01 data]# ansible all -m setup -a 'filter=ansible_processor_vcpus'
192.168.3.101 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 4,
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false
}
192.168.3.100 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 4,
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false
}
192.168.3.102 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 4,
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
},
"changed": false
}
这篇关于ansible：常用模块介绍的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持为之网！
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