MySql教程
MySQL5.7安装和主从复制
服务器主机名 ip 说明
Mysql-node1 192.168.56.12 物理数据库1
Mysql-node2 192.168.56.13 物理数据库2
创建mysql用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
安装MySQL
yum install -y libaio
cd /usr/local/src/
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar -zxf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
cp -rf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /data/app/mysql-3306
cp -rf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /data/app/mysql-3307
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/app/mysql-3306
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/app/mysql-3307
/data/app/mysql-3306/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/data/app/mysql-3306 --datadir=/data/app/mysql-3306/data
/data/app/mysql-3307/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/data/app/mysql-3307 --datadir=/data/app/mysql-3307/data
修改my.cnf
需要修改的参数：
- server-id：保证每个配置文件唯一
- 两台master的自增长ID必须不同
linux-node1
master
cat > /data/app/mysql-3306/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
server-id = 1
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
basedir = /data/app/mysql-3306
datadir = /data/app/mysql-3306/data
socket = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysqld.log
skip-name-resolve
log_bin = mysql-bin
log-slave-updates
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
EOF
chown mysql.mysql /data/app/mysql-3306/my.cnf
slave
cat > /data/app/mysql-3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port = 3307
socket = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3307
user = mysql
server-id = 11
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
basedir = /data/app/mysql-3307
datadir = /data/app/mysql-3307/data
socket = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysqld.log
skip-name-resolve
log_bin = mysql-bin
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
EOF
chown mysql.mysql /data/app/mysql-3307/my.cnf
linux-node2
master
cat > /data/app/mysql-3306/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
user = mysql
server-id = 2
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
basedir = /data/app/mysql-3306
datadir = /data/app/mysql-3306/data
socket = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/app/mysql-3306/mysqld.log
skip-name-resolve
log_bin = mysql-bin
log-slave-updates
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 2
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
EOF
chown mysql.mysql /data/app/mysql-3306/my.cnf
slave
cat > /data/app/mysql-3307/my.cnf<<EOF
[client]
port = 3307
socket = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3307
user = mysql
server-id = 22
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
basedir = /data/app/mysql-3307
datadir = /data/app/mysql-3307/data
socket = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysql.sock
pid-file = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysql.pid
log-error = /data/app/mysql-3307/mysqld.log
skip-name-resolve
log_bin = mysql-bin
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
EOF
chown mysql.mysql /data/app/mysql-3307/my.cnf
启动MySQL
启动服务
linux-node1和linux-node2都执行如下命令
touch /data/app/mysql-3306/mysqld.log && chown mysql.mysql /data/app/mysql-3306/mysqld.log
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/data/app/mysql-3306#g' /data/app/mysql-3306/bin/mysqld_safe
/data/app/mysql-3306/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/app/mysql-3306/my.cnf --basedir=/data/app/mysql-3306 --datadir=/data/app/mysql-3306/data --user=mysql &
touch /data/app/mysql-3307/mysqld.log && chown mysql.mysql /data/app/mysql-3307/mysqld.log
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/data/app/mysql-3307#g' /data/app/mysql-3307/bin/mysqld_safe
/data/app/mysql-3307/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/app/mysql-3307/my.cnf --basedir=/data/app/mysql-3307 --datadir=/data/app/mysql-3307/data --user=mysql &
检查端口
ss -lntup |egrep '3306|3307'
tcp LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:* users:(("mysqld",19973,22))
tcp LISTEN 0 80 *:3307 *:* users:(("mysqld",20537,22))
设置开机自启
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
赋予可执行权限：chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
添加为服务: chkconfig --add mysqld
查看服务列表: chkconfig --list
看到3、4、5状态为开或者为 on 则表示成功。如果是 关或者 off 则执行一下：chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
重启计算机:reboot
配置双主
配置主从
linux-node1
master
cd /data/app/mysql-3306/
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -P 3306
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'192.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'192.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 613 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
slave
cd /data/app/mysql-3307/
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -P 3307
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.12',
-> MASTER_PORT=3306,
-> MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql',
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
-> MASTER_LOG_POS=613;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.56.12
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 613
Relay_Log_File: linux-node1-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
linux-node2
master
cd /data/app/mysql-3306/
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -P 3306
mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'192.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'192.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 613 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
slave
cd /data/app/mysql-3307/
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -P 3307
mysql>
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.13',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=613;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.56.13
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 613
Relay_Log_File: linux-node1-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
配置双主
master的binlog位置
linux-node1 master端
d /data/app/mysql-3306/
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -P 3306
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 613 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
linux-node2 master端
cd /data/app/mysql-3306/
./bin/mysql -uroot -p -S mysql.sock -P 3306
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 613 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
linux-node1 master配置跟linux-node2 master同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.13',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=613;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.56.13
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 613
Relay_Log_File: linux-node1-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
linux-node2 master配置跟linux-node1 master同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.56.12',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_USER='repl',
MASTER_PASSWORD='mysql',
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=613;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.56.12
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 613
Relay_Log_File: linux-node2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
验证
从linux-node1上验证
在linux-node1 master上创建数据
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> use test;
Database changed
mysql> create table temp(id int,name varchar(64));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> insert into temp values(1,'aaa');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.28 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE temp2(id INT ,nname VARCHAR(64));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into temp2(nname) values('bbb');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from test.temp;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | aaa |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
在linux-node1 slave上查看数据
mysql> select * from test.temp;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | aaa |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在linux-node2 master上查看数据
mysql> select * from test.temp;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | aaa |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在linux-node2 slave上查看数据
mysql> select * from test.temp;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | aaa |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从linux-node2上验证
在linux-node2 master上创建数据
mysql> use test;
mysql> insert into temp2(nname) values('ddd');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into temp2(nname) values('fff');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test.temp2;
+----+-------+
| id | nname |
+----+-------+
| 1 | bbb |
| 2 | ddd |
| 4 | fff |
+----+-------+
在linux-node2 slave上查看数据
mysql> select * from test.temp2;
+----+-------+
| id | nname |
+----+-------+
| 1 | bbb |
| 2 | ddd |
| 4 | fff |
+----+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
在linux-node1 master上查看数据
mysql> select * from test.temp2;
+----+-------+
| id | nname |
+----+-------+
| 1 | bbb |
| 2 | ddd |
| 4 | fff |
+----+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
在linux-node1 slave上查看数据
mysql> select * from test.temp2;
+----+-------+
| id | nname |
+----+-------+
| 1 | bbb |
| 2 | ddd |
| 4 | fff |
+----+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
结论
- 在任意一个master端更新数据，其他任意端都可以更新数据
- 两台服务器配置了间隔自增长，数据不同冲突
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