依赖pom.xml

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>

 Spring bean配置

<!--文件上传id必须=multipartResolver-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!--请求的编码格式，必须和jsp的pageEncoding属性一致，以便正确读取表单的内容，默认为ISO-8859-1-->
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
        <!--上传文件大小上限，单位为字节10485760=10M-->
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
        <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
    </bean>

 代码

@PostMapping("/article/upload1Handler")
    public String upload1Handler(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
        if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
            return "redirect:/article/index";
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件名：" + uploadFileName);
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()) {
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件地址：" + realPath);
        InputStream is = file.getInputStream();//文件输入流
        BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(is);
        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName));//文件输出流
        BufferedOutputStream bos = new BufferedOutputStream(os);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int len = 0;
        while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            bos.write(buffer, 0, len);
        }
        bis.close();
        bos.close();
        return "redirect:/article/index";
    }
    @PostMapping("/article/upload2Handler")
    public String upload2Handler(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
        String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
        File realPath = new File(path);
        if (!realPath.exists()) {
            realPath.mkdir();
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件地址：" + realPath);
        //通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件
        file.transferTo(new File(realPath + "/" + file.getOriginalFilename()));
        return "redirect:/article/index";
    }

 视图

<form action="/article/upload2Handler" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="file"/>
    <button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>