1、测试数据

[root@centos79 test]# cat reads.list
sample01  /home/test/sample01 /home/test/sample01_2.fq.gz
sample02  /home/test/sample02 /home/test/sample02_2.fq.gz
sample03  /home/test/sample03 /home/test/sample03_2.fq.gz
sample04  /home/test/sample04 /home/test/sample04_2.fq.gz
sample05  /home/test/sample05 /home/test/sample05_2.fq.gz
sample06  /home/test/sample06 /home/test/sample06_2.fq.gz
sample07  /home/test/sample07 /home/test/sample07_2.fq.gz
sample08  /home/test/sample08 /home/test/sample08_2.fq.gz
sample09  /home/test/sample09 /home/test/sample09_2.fq.gz
sample10  /home/test/sample10 /home/test/sample10_2.fq.gz

2、while 一次传入多个变量

[root@centos79 test]# cat reads.list
sample01  /home/test/sample01 /home/test/sample01_2.fq.gz
sample02  /home/test/sample02 /home/test/sample02_2.fq.gz
sample03  /home/test/sample03 /home/test/sample03_2.fq.gz
sample04  /home/test/sample04 /home/test/sample04_2.fq.gz
sample05  /home/test/sample05 /home/test/sample05_2.fq.gz
sample06  /home/test/sample06 /home/test/sample06_2.fq.gz
sample07  /home/test/sample07 /home/test/sample07_2.fq.gz
sample08  /home/test/sample08 /home/test/sample08_2.fq.gz
sample09  /home/test/sample09 /home/test/sample09_2.fq.gz
sample10  /home/test/sample10 /home/test/sample10_2.fq.gz
[root@centos79 test]# cat reads.list | while read {i,j,k};do echo "mkdir $i; fastqc -o $i -f fastq  $j $k";done;
mkdir sample01; fastqc -o sample01 -f fastq  /home/test/sample01 /home/test/sample01_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample02; fastqc -o sample02 -f fastq  /home/test/sample02 /home/test/sample02_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample03; fastqc -o sample03 -f fastq  /home/test/sample03 /home/test/sample03_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample04; fastqc -o sample04 -f fastq  /home/test/sample04 /home/test/sample04_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample05; fastqc -o sample05 -f fastq  /home/test/sample05 /home/test/sample05_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample06; fastqc -o sample06 -f fastq  /home/test/sample06 /home/test/sample06_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample07; fastqc -o sample07 -f fastq  /home/test/sample07 /home/test/sample07_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample08; fastqc -o sample08 -f fastq  /home/test/sample08 /home/test/sample08_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample09; fastqc -o sample09 -f fastq  /home/test/sample09 /home/test/sample09_2.fq.gz
mkdir sample10; fastqc -o sample10 -f fastq  /home/test/sample10 /home/test/sample10_2.fq.gz

参考：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzI2MjA1MDQxMg==&mid=2649713997&idx=1&sn=c44d0375f869ad52067cf9ddbaf9ba8f&chksm=f24aca4ec53d43589d1bf9722e9cd7e2d749000fdfd5848ad7eb8b52da7cab1a166aa95483d0&mpshare=1&scene=23&srcid=0805NyC2GHHYp9ri9GexKAG4&sharer_sharetime=1628156129675&sharer_shareid=4ed060cc4cd1efce40e3ab6dd8d8c7d4#rd